Association of GSTP1 Ile105Val Polymorphism and Risk of Head and Neck Cancers: A Meta-Analysis of 28 Case-Control Studies

Background and Aims

The Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) polymorphism have been considered a risk modifier for developing head and neck cancer (HNC) in many studies; however, the results of such studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association between the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism and risk of HNC.

Method

We performed a search in the relevant electronic database and a meta-analysis based on 28 published case–control studies that included 6,404 cases and 6,523 controls. To take into account the possibility of heterogeneity across the studies, a Chi-square based I²-statistic test was performed. Crude pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed using both fixed-effects and random-effects models.

Results

The results of this meta-analysis showed that the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism was not significantly associated with risk of HNC in the overall study population (pooled OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.92–1.09) or in subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity, sample size, tumor site or publication year. Moreover, substantial evidence of heterogeneity among the studies was observed. Publication year was identified as the main cause of heterogeneity.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis does not support a significant association between the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism and risk of HNC.     

利用家系群体鉴定数量性状多基因的存在

通过重复试验方差分析获得误差方差以探索只利用B、：2和B2：2或F2：3家系世代鉴定多基因存在的方法,混合分布参数的估计采用IECM算法,以油菜株高B1：2和B2：2家系平均数资料和千粒重F2：3家系平均数资料为例阐明该方法。     

利用P1、F1、P2、F2和F2:3家系五世代联合分离分析的拓展

在王建康等[3]的基础上拓展了利用P1、F1、P2、F2和F2：3家系5群体的2对主基因（B）和2对主基因 多基因（E）2类模型,为使拓展模型成为可能并提高分布参数估计值的精度,用IECM算法估计样本似然函数分布参数,通过重新分析3个大豆杂交组合抗豆秆黑潜蝇主茎虫量遗传资料证实了通过孟德尔氏遗传分析法所获得的结果,并得到存在多基因的统计学依据。     

大叶山楝根的化学成分及细胞毒活性研究

该研究从大叶山楝根95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到10个化合物,经波谱解析分别鉴定为schleicheol 2(1),β-扶桑甾醇(2),fregenedadiol(3),异巴西红厚壳素(4),丁香酯素(5),表丁香酯素(6),graminone A(7),sylvatesmin(8),Z-6-十九烯酸甲酯(9),棕榈酸(10)。其中,化合物1-4、化合物7-9为首次从山楝属植物中分离得到。细胞毒活性测试结果表明,化合物1和化合物2对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901生长具有一定的抑制活性。     

Hemicelluloses negatively affect lignocellulose crystallinity for high biomass digestibility under NaOH and H2SO4 pretreatments in Miscanthus

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Lignocellulose is the most abundant biomass on earth. However, biomass recalcitrance has become a major factor affecting biofuel production. Although cellulose crystallinity significantly influences biomass saccharification, little is known about the impact of three major wall polymers on cellulose crystallization. In this study, we selected six typical pairs of Miscanthus samples that presented different cell wall compositions, and then compared their cellulose crystallinity and biomass digestibility after various chemical pretreatments. RESULTS: A Miscanthus sample with a high hemicelluloses level was determined to have a relatively low cellulose crystallinity index (CrI) and enhanced biomass digestibility at similar rates after pretreatments of NaOH and H2SO4 with three concentrations. By contrast, a Miscanthus sample with a high cellulose or lignin level showed increased CrI and low biomass saccharification, particularly after H2SO4 pretreatment. Correlation analysis revealed that the cellulose CrI negatively affected biomass digestion. Increased hemicelluloses level by 25% or decreased cellulose and lignin contents by 31% and 37% were also found to result in increased hexose yields by 1.3-times to 2.2-times released from enzymatic hydrolysis after NaOH or H2SO4 pretreatments. The findings indicated that hemicelluloses were the dominant and positive factor, whereas cellulose and lignin had synergistic and negative effects on biomass digestibility. CONCLUSIONS: Using six pairs of Miscanthus samples with different cell wall compositions, hemicelluloses were revealed to be the dominant factor that positively determined biomass digestibility after pretreatments with NaOH or H2SO4 by negatively affecting cellulose crystallinity. The results suggested potential approaches to the genetic modifications of bioenergy crops.     

苄星青霉素与头孢曲松钠联合治疗早期梅毒的疗效比较

目的:观察苄星青霉素与头孢曲松钠联合应用治疗早期梅毒的临床疗效及血清学变化。方法:113例早期梅毒患者,随机分成苄星青霉素联合头孢曲松钠治疗组(A组)58例和苄星青霉素单一治疗组(B组)55例。结果:A组有效随访例数为55例;B组有效随访数为52例。1周内皮损消退率,A组为89.7%(35/39),B组为64.9%(24/37)。3个月TRUST阴转率,A组为40.0%(22/55),B组为21.2%(11/52),二组差异有统计学意义(x2=4.451,P=0.039)。6个月TRUST阴转率,A组为67.3%(37/55),B组为42.3%(22/52),二组差异有统计学意义(x2=6.735,P=0.012)。9个月TRUST阴转率,A组为90.9%(50/55),B组为73.1%(38/52),二组差异有统计学意义(x2=5.820,P=0.022)。12个月TRUST阴转率,A组为94.5%(52/55),B组为82.7%(43/52),二组差异无统计学意义(x2=3.771,P=0.068)。血清固定率,A组为1.8%(1/55),B组为9.6%(5/52)。结论:苄星青霉素联合头孢曲松钠治疗早期梅毒效果较单一使用苄星青霉素显著,表现在皮损消退时间快、梅毒血清阴转时间缩短,血清固定率降低。     

Biochemical characterization of the ATPase and helicase activity of UAP56, an essential pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA export factor

DEXD/H-box protein UAP56 is an essential pre-mRNA splicing factor required for the first ATP-dependent spliceosome assembly step. UAP56 is also essential for the export of the majority of mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. We performed biochemical characterization of UAP56's ATPase and helicase activity, which is important for further understanding the role of these activities in UAP56's function. We showed that UAP56 is an RNA-stimulated ATPase that can only hydrolyze ATP. We demonstrated that UAP56 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that can unwind substrates with 5' or 3' overhangs or blunt ends in vitro. We showed that U2AF(65) and Aly, two proteins known to interact with UAP56, do not influence UAP56's ATPase or helicase activity. We also demonstrated that several mutants in the conserved helicase motifs I, II, and III abolish UAP56's ATPase and/or helicase activity, providing tools for future investigation of the role of UAP56's ATPase and helicase activity in spliceosome assembly and mRNA export.     

浙江安吉志留纪真盔甲鱼类一新属

记述了浙江安吉地区志留纪真盔甲鱼类一新属——安吉鱼(新属)(Anjiaspis gen.nov.)。新属的主要特征是:中背孔呈纵长的滴水形,前端稍尖,距离头甲吻缘较远,后端圆钝,明显位于两眶孔前缘连线之前;眶孔较小,位置十分靠近头甲中线,并距离头甲后缘较近,眶孔前区长于眶孔后区;松果孔大致位于两眶孔中心连线上;感觉管系统大致呈格栅状分布,可见4条纵行干管及联络它们的横行管,横行管由侧横管和中横联络管组成,其数目均比较多;鳃囊6对,纹饰为均匀分布的细小粒状瘤点。在此基础上运用分支系统学的方法对其系统位置进行了探讨,结果表明,新属代表了真盔甲鱼类的最原始类型。