YAG倍频激光治疗血管性皮肤病临床分析

应用可变脉宽ＹＡＧ倍频５３２ｎｍ波长激光治疗８１例血管性皮肤病患者。每两个月重复一次,观察疗效。发现皮损表浅、婴幼儿、血管扩张程度轻者疗效好。８１例患者经过１～３次治疗,痊愈３８例,显效２８例,有效率８１．５％。说明ＹＡＧ倍频激光治疗血管性皮肤病有明显疗效,副反应少,是一种行之有效的方法。     

利用DH或RIL群体检测QTL体系并估计其遗传效应

利用ＤＨ和ＲＩＫＬ群体并结合重复内分组随机区组设计对和物产量等遗传率较低的数量性状进行分离分析可提高遗传分析的精度。根据混合分布理论菜了利用ＤＨ或ＲＩＬ群体重复实验数据鉴定数量性状混合遗传模型的分离分析法,特别是２对链锁主基因＋多基因模型。该方法可鉴定数量性状的遗传模型和主基因的作用方式,估计主基因、多基因的遗传疚和遗传方差,在两主基因存在连锁可可估计其重组率。下面通过应用举例说明该方法。     

Isolation and Characterization of a Mitochondrial atp6 Gene from Soybean (Glycine max)

Mitochondrial ATPase (mtATPase) complex plays vital roles in higher plants. It consists of a few subunits. In the present study, a new copy of the mtATPase subunit 6 (EC 3.6.1.34) gene (atp6) was cloned and characterized from Glycine max (L.) Merr., which has the shortest opening reading frame of 223 amino acids in all organisms examined and designated as the atp6 copy3 (atp6 -3). PCR amplifications of the atp6-3 from 9 soybean cultivars combined with sequencing analysis suggested its wide occurrence in G. max. RFLP analysis of a RILs population implied that paternal inheritance of the atp6 -3 might occur in G. max at undetermined frequency. Under salicylic acid (SA)-treated condition, the expression of the atp6 gene was significantly inhibited. The possible role of this inhibition was discussed.     

Different Visual Preference Patterns in Response to Simple and Complex Dynamic Social Stimuli in Preschool-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Eye-tracking studies in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown a visual attention preference for geometric patterns when viewing paired dynamic social images (DSIs) and dynamic geometric images (DGIs). In the present study, eye-tracking of two different paired presentations of DSIs and DGIs was monitored in a group of 13 children aged 4 to 6 years with ASD and 20 chronologically age-matched typically developing children (TDC). The results indicated that compared with the control group, children with ASD attended significantly less to DSIs showing two or more children playing than to similar DSIs showing a single child. Visual attention preference in 4- to 6-year-old children with ASDs, therefore, appears to be modulated by the type of visual stimuli.     

Effects of Clozapine and other Atypical Antipsychotics on Infants Development Who Were Exposed to as Fetus: A Post-Hoc Analysis

Objective

To investigate the developmental effects of clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics on infants who were exposed to as fetus.

Method

The developmental progress of 33 infants who were exposed to clozapine as fetus was compared to 30 infants who were exposed to risperidone, olanzapine or quetiapine as fetus by assessing Apgar scoring, birth weight at birth, body weight, height, and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) at months 2, 6 and 12 of age. Five subscale scores of BSID-III including cognitive, language, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behavior were also compared. Student’s t test and Chi-square analysis were used as appropriate. Repeated measurements were evaluated by analysis of covariance.

Results

Of the 63 infants, 58 (92.1%) completed a 12-month study period. At the age of 2 and 6 months, mean adaptive behavior scores of BSID-III were significantly lower in clozapine-exposed infants than infants who exposed to other atypical antipsychotic at 2 and 6 months of age. More clozapine-exposed infants had delayed development (defined as the subscale score of <85) for adaptive behavior at 2 and 6 months of age. There was no difference between the two groups for cognitive, language, motor, social and emotional at 2, 6 and 12 months of age. More infants who were exposed to clozapine as fetus (25 of 33, 75.8%) had disturbed sleep and a labile state than those who were exposed to other atypical antipsychotics (8 of 30, 26.7%) during 2 months of age (P<0.001).

Conclusion

These results suggest that clozapine has more adaptive behavior effects on infants who were exposed to as a fetus than other atypical antipsychotics at 2 and 6 months of age.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01479400     

地熊蜂蜂群发育性状评价及其饲料花粉配比优化

【目的】为了明确熊蜂蜂群发育过程中具有代表性的性状指标及其饲料花粉最优配比。【方法】以山杏Armeniaca sibirica花粉、山柳Salix caprea花粉和油菜Brassica rapa花粉为原料,通过{3,3}混料设计得到7种配比的混合花粉,分析不同混合花粉对地熊蜂Bombus terrestris(L.)无王工蜂群的产卵前时间、幼虫拖出数、幼虫总数量、幼虫总重量、蛹总数量、蛹总重量、雄蜂出房时间、出房雄蜂数量和雄蜂出生重9个蜂群性状指标的影响,使用主成分分析对蜂群性状指标进行综合评价,并通过混料回归模型预测熊蜂蜂群饲养过程中的最优花粉配比。【结果】地熊蜂无王工蜂群发育过程的9个性状指标可以归纳为幼虫发育、蛹发育、成蜂发育、蜂群发育周期4类评价因子,其中幼虫总数量、蛹总重量、雄蜂出生重、产卵前时间和雄蜂出房时间是5个主要性状指标;以蜂群主要性状指标为评价依据,得出蜂群饲养过程中最优花粉配比:当以油菜花粉单独饲喂蜂群时蜂群产卵前时间短、幼虫总数量最多、蛹总重量最大,当山杏花粉、山柳花粉和油菜花粉以1︰1.5︰1.5比例饲喂蜂群时雄蜂出房时间最短,当山柳花粉和油菜花粉以3︰1比例饲喂蜂群时雄蜂出生重最大。【结论】明确了地熊蜂无王工蜂群发育过程中的重要性状指标和饲料花粉最优配比,为进一步研究商品化熊蜂群不同发育阶段的营养需求奠定了基础。     

脂筏、紧密连接和血脑屏障的关系

血脑屏障破坏是缺血性脑卒中急性期发生脑水肿及神经元毒性损害的核心病理过程之一,目前尚无特效保护方法。血脑屏障通透性调节的中心环节是内皮细胞的紧密连接,而紧密连接结构蛋白表达水平和位置分布的变化与脑微血管通透性的改变及脑水肿的程度密切相关。脂筏是高流动性的细胞膜脂质双层内富含胆固醇的特殊脂质和蛋白质的动态微区,它参与细胞蛋白转运。血脑屏障上有大量的脂筏存在,紧密连接结构蛋白分布于脂筏中,其功能受胆固醇调节,且脂筏上紧密结合的脂质有利于蛋白质的寡聚化。因此,基于脂筏调节血脑屏障紧密连接可能为脑保护研究提供新的药物靶点。     

无饲培养细柄半网菌Hemitrichia calyculata

报道了细柄半网菌在无饲培养条件下的完整生活史过程,描述了孢子萌发、游动胞、黏变形体、原质团及孢囊形成过程中的主要发育特点。结果表明：孢子预处理可以提高萌发率;游动胞鱼形,具有一根较短的鞭毛;黏变形体前缘具有较厚的透明外质,滑动运动方式。原质团属于“发达的中间类型”原质团。     

Mesenchymal stromal cells protect hepatocytes from lipotoxicity through alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by restoring SERCA activity

The aim of this study was to investigate how mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) modulate metabolic balance and attenuate hepatic lipotoxicity in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In vivo, male SD rats were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) to develop NAFLD; then, they were treated twice by intravenous injections of rat bone marrow MSCs. In vitro, HepG2 cells were cocultured with MSCs by transwell and exposed to palmitic acid (PA) for 24 hours. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressor thapsigargin and sarco/ER Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA2)–specific siRNA were used to explore the regulation of ER stress by MSCs. We found that MSC administration improved hepatic steatosis, restored systemic hepatic lipid and glucose homeostasis, and inhibited hepatic ER stress in HFD-fed rats. In hepatocytes, MSCs effectively alleviated the cellular lipotoxicity. Particularly, MSCs remarkably ameliorated the ER stress and intracellular calcium homeostasis induced by either PA or thapsigargin in HepG2 cells. Additionally, long-term HFD or PA stimulation would activate pyroptosis in hepatocytes, which may contribute to the cell death and liver dysfunction during the process of NAFLD, and MSC treatment effectively ameliorates these deleterious effects. SERCA2 silencing obviously abolished the ability of MSCs against the PA-induced lipotoxicity. Conclusively, our study demonstrated that MSCs were able to ameliorate liver lipotoxicity and metabolic disturbance in the context of NAFLD, in which the regulation of ER stress and the calcium homeostasis via SERCA has played a key role.     

植物内质网胁迫研究进展

内质网是蛋白质折叠和蛋白质糖基化修饰的重要场所。在内质网中存在多种调控机制来确保其中的蛋白质被正确地折叠、修饰和组装,以维持内质网稳态,这对于细胞正常的生理活动十分重要。然而,多种物理、化学因素均可使内质网稳态失衡,即在应激条件下,错误折叠和未折叠蛋白质的大量积累将导致内质网胁迫(endoplasmic reticulum stress, ERS),进而会引起未折叠蛋白质响应(unfolded protein response, UPR),极端情况下还会启动细胞程序性死亡(program cell death, PCD)。目前,植物内质网胁迫方面的研究较酵母和动物滞后,因此,从内质网质量控制系统和未折叠蛋白质响应2个方面对植物内质网胁迫现有研究进行了综述,以期为进一步理解内质网胁迫与植物逆境胁迫的关系提供参考。