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21.
22.
Motosugi Nanane Nakamura Futoshi Nakajima Souta Takahata Chihiro Kawamura Kazuhiro Morimoto Junko 《Landscape and Ecological Engineering》2021,17(2):95-106
Landscape and Ecological Engineering - There have been many earlier studies of the biodiversity and ecosystem services of abandoned farmlands, but studies of abandoned villages are limited,... 相似文献
23.
Sakiyama Tomoki Morimoto Junko Matsubayashi Jun Furukawa Yasuto Kondo Mami Tsuruga Hifumi Mano Tsutomu Nakamura Futoshi 《Landscape and Ecological Engineering》2021,17(3):351-362
Landscape and Ecological Engineering - Investigating factors underlying human-wildlife conflicts in agricultural landscapes is important for both preventing crop damage and wildlife conservation.... 相似文献
24.
Taiki Hanzawa Kyohei Shibasaki Takahiro Numata Yukio Kawamura Thierry Gaude Abidur Rahman 《The Plant cell》2013,25(9):3424-3433
High-temperature-mediated adaptation in plant architecture is linked to the increased synthesis of the phytohormone auxin, which alters cellular auxin homeostasis. The auxin gradient, modulated by cellular auxin homeostasis, plays an important role in regulating the developmental fate of plant organs. Although the signaling mechanism that integrates auxin and high temperature is relatively well understood, the cellular auxin homeostasis mechanism under high temperature is largely unknown. Using the Arabidopsis thaliana root as a model, we demonstrate that under high temperature, roots counterbalance the elevated level of intracellular auxin by promoting shootward auxin efflux in a PIN-FORMED2 (PIN2)-dependent manner. Further analyses revealed that high temperature selectively promotes the retrieval of PIN2 from late endosomes and sorts them to the plasma membrane through an endosomal trafficking pathway dependent on SORTING NEXIN1. Our results demonstrate that recycling endosomal pathway plays an important role in facilitating plants adaptation to increased temperature. 相似文献
25.
Maki Sugaya Futoshi Nishimura Akira Katoh Kazuo Harada 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(5):534-545
In this study, the ability to tailor the peptide-binding specificity of an RNA was investigated. First, variants of the Rev-response element (RRE) RNA with different specificities toward the natural binding partner, Rev, and two RRE-binding aptamers, the RSG-1.2 and the Kl peptides, were identified. Next, hybrid RRE mutants with combinations of two sets of specificity-altering substitutions were tested for peptide-binding specificity. It was shown that in most cases the results of the combination of individual mutations were of an additive nature, therefore providing a way to manipulate the peptide-binding specificity of an RNA in a predictable manner. 相似文献
26.
Eita Uenishi Tadao Shibasaki Harumi Takahashi Chihiro Seki Hitomi Hamaguchi Takao Yasuda Masao Tatebe Yutaka Oiso Tadaomi Takenawa Susumu Seino 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2013,288(36):25851-25864
Actin dynamics in pancreatic β-cells is involved in insulin secretion. However, the molecular mechanisms of the regulation of actin dynamics by intracellular signals in pancreatic β-cells and its role in phasic insulin secretion are largely unknown. In this study, we elucidate the regulation of actin dynamics by neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and cofilin in pancreatic β-cells and demonstrate its role in glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS). N-WASP, which promotes actin polymerization through activation of the actin nucleation factor Arp2/3 complex, was found to be activated by glucose stimulation in insulin-secreting clonal pancreatic β-cells (MIN6-K8 β-cells). Introduction of a dominant-negative mutant of N-WASP, which lacks G-actin and Arp2/3 complex-binding region VCA, into MIN6-K8 β-cells or knockdown of N-WASP suppressed GIIS, especially the second phase. We also found that cofilin, which severs F-actin in its dephosphorylated (active) form, is converted to the phosphorylated (inactive) form by glucose stimulation in MIN6-K8 β-cells, thereby promoting F-actin remodeling. In addition, the dominant-negative mutant of cofilin, which inhibits activation of endogenous cofilin, or knockdown of cofilin reduced the second phase of GIIS. However, the first phase of GIIS occurs in the G-actin predominant state, in which cofilin activity predominates over N-WASP activity. Thus, actin dynamics regulated by the balance of N-WASP and cofilin activities determines the biphasic response of GIIS. 相似文献
27.
Ryuji Asano Amon Nagami Yuki Fukumoto Futoshi Yazama Hideyuki Ito Isao Sakata Akihiro Tai 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2013,21(8):2298-2304
Three new water-soluble chlorin derivatives 3, 5 and 8 for potential use as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer were synthesized from photoprotoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester (1). The in vivo biodistribution and clearance of chlorin derivatives 3, 5 and 8 were investigated in tumor-bearing mice. Iminodiacetic acid derivative 8 showed the greatest tumor-selective accumulation among the new chlorin derivatives with maximum accumulation in tumor tissue at 3 h after intravenous injection and rapid clearance from normal tissues within 24 h after injection. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of PDT using 8 was evaluated by measuring tumor growth rates in tumor-bearing mice with 660 nm light-emitting diode irradiation at 3 h after injection of 8. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited by PDT using 8. These results indicate that iminodiacetic acid derivative 8 is useful as a new photosensitizer to overcome the disadvantages of photosensitizers that are currently in clinical use. 相似文献
28.
Vu Huu Thanh Kazuyoshi Okubo Kazuo Shibasaki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):1501-1503
Two kinds of N-acetylmuramidase, M-1 and M-2 enzymes, that were isolated from the cultural broth of Stm. globisporus 1829, were remarkably different in amino acid composition, immunological properties and modes of lytic action from each other. The M-1 enzyme was composed of 186 amino acid residues of which two moles were of half cystine, while the M-2 enzyme was composed of 99 amino acid residues with no cysteine. The hydrolyzing action of the M-2 enzyme was suppressed by the presence of an O-acetyl group on muramic acid residues in the peptidoglycan moiety, while that of the M-l enzyme was independent of the presence of O-acetyl groups. However, the hydrolyzing activity of both enzymes was enhanced when some muramic acid residues were substituted with stem peptides containing alanine, isoglutamine and lysine. 相似文献
29.
Keisuke Kitamura Kazuyoshi Okubo Kazuo Shibasaki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(5):1083-1085
Kinetics of the acyl transfer catalyzed by Xanthomonas α-amino acid ester hydrolase was studied. The enzyme hydrolyzed d-α-phenylglycine methyl ester (d-PG-OMe) to give equimolar amounts of d-α-phenylglycine and methanol. With d-PG-OMe as an acyl donor and 7-amino-3-deacetoxy-cephalosporanic acid (7-ADCA) as an acyl acceptor, the enzyme transferred the acyl group from d-PG-OMe to 7-ADCA in competition with water. The addition of amine nucleophiles (7-ADCA and 6-aminopenicillanic acid) decreased the molecular activity (ko) of the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of d-PG-OMe, whereas it did not alter the Michaelis constant (KM), and plots of l/ko against the initial concentration of a nucleophile (no) gave a straight line. These results support the assumptions that the overall process for hydrolysis and acyl transfer proceeds through a common acyl-enzyme intermediate, that the acylation step of the enzyme is rate-limiting, and that the transfer competes with the hydrolysis of the acyl donor. 相似文献
30.
Miho Morimoto Junko Morimoto Yoshiaki Moriya Futoshi Nakamura 《Landscape and Ecological Engineering》2013,9(2):259-270
Recently, the conversion of plantations into natural forests has attracted increasing attention, but little is known about how to convert a windthrown plantation into a natural forest. We examined the initial 3-year effects of salvage logging, site preparation, planting, and weeding in comparison with the effects of legacy retention after a typhoon blowdown on the changes in terrestrial environments and plant compositions and the similarity of the species composition to that of the intact natural forest. Our major findings are as follows: (1) A homogeneous, sunny, and flat environment continued for 3 years in the planted and weeded plot, whereas a heterogeneous environment was observed in the legacy retention plot; however, the light environment changed slightly in the planted plot. (2) The species composition in the planted plots changed greatly due to invasion by annual, biennial, and perennial herbs and early successional trees. Alien species also invaded the planted row. Conversely, the species composition changed little in the legacy retention, which was likely due to the presence of residual plants that prevented shade-intolerant species from being established. (3) The legacy retention, followed by the residual row, was the closest to the natural forest with respect to species composition, whereas the planted row was the most dissimilar from the natural forest. Legacy retention appears to be the most appropriate way to restore a natural forest immediately after a windthrow, yet supplemental planting may be necessary to restore the desired broadleaved species. 相似文献