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961.
The induction of metallic mercury-releasing enzyme (MMR-Enz) which catalyzes the reduction of mercurials to metallic mercury was studied. The formation of MMR-Enz was induced when the organism was grown with mercurials such as phenyl mercuric acetate (PMA), p-chloromercury benzoate (pCMB), sodium ethyl mercuric thiosalicylate (merzonin), mercuric chloride (MC) and metallic mercury, but it was not induced when grown with HgS or other metals such as Ag+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Sn2+, etc. Cd2+ and Cu2+ were inhibitory for the formation of MMR-Enz. d-glucose: NAD oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.47 GDH) or l-arabinose: NADP oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.46 ADH) and cytochrome c-I (cyt. c-I) which were all involved in the decomposition of mercurials together with MMR-Enz were found in the crude extract regardless of mercurial addition. These results suggest that MMR-Enz plays a conclusive role on the decomposition reaction of mercurials. 相似文献
962.
Hiroyuki Hosoya Yasuyuki Ohtake Noboru Tomizuka Kensuke Furukawa 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(12):3145-3146
Computer simulations were employed to reconstruct the growth thermograms that are observable for microbial cultures in batch calorimeters having a culture vessel in the calorimetric unit. Differential equations were derived to characterize the heat evolution process on the basis of Monod’s growth equation with some modification. Theoretical growth thermograms were compared with actually observed calorimetric recordings and it was shown that the heat effect due to the microbial cells can be well reproduced for both non-growing and growing cultures of bakers’ yeast. It is concluded that the method used here gives a reasonable characterization of the thermograms observed for microbial cultures in a batch calorimeter, indicating the possibility of determining the appropriate kinetic parameters from calorimeter recordings by a parameter-fitting method. 相似文献
963.
Toshiro Furukawa Tadaatsu Nakahara Koichi Yamada 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1402-1406
Fumaric acid productivity of Candida hydrocarbofumarica in various culture conditions was investigated. Namely, the effects of pH, heavy metal ions, hydrocarbon concentration, aeration and surface active agents were studied.The addition of CaCO3 and the aeration were effective for fumaric acid production.The rate of conversion of n-paraffin to fumaric acid gradually decreased as the concentration of n-paraffins (6%) was increased.A very high yield, 84% was obtained with a culture medium containing 6% of n-paraffins for 7 days culture. 相似文献
964.
Yuji Furukawa Yoshitsugu Fujii Hajime Takahashi 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):822-829
The crude enzyme preparation obtained from culture media of Bacillus cereus Kp 931 was fractionated into three active fractions by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. These three enzymes had pH optima at between 10.5 and 11.0. One of them, the largest molecular weight species, the enzyme I, was purified extensively. The enzyme catalyzes the release of a number of free amino acids from casein. Large amounts of l-alanine and l-glutamic acid and small amounts of l-leucine, l-serine, glycine, l-cysteic acid and l-arginine were released from oxidized insulin B-chain by the action of the purified enzyme I. It is also suggested that the other two enzymes, II and III, belong to so-called bacterial proteninases. 相似文献
965.
Hiroyuki Okamoto Kimito Kawamura Takashi Nishiyama Takao Fujii Kenji Furukawa 《Biodegradation》2013,24(1):99-110
A plug-flow type anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reactor was developed using malt ceramics (MC) produced from carbonized spent grains as the biomass carriers for anammox sludge. Partial nitrified effluent of the filtrate from the sludge dehydrator of a brewery company was used as influent to a 20 L anammox reactor using MC. An average volumetric nitrogen removal rate (VNR) of 8.78 kg-N/m3/day was maintained stably for 76 days with 1 h of HRT. In a larger anammox reactor (400 L), an average VNR of 4.84 kg-N/m3/day could be maintained for 86 days during the treatment of low strength synthetic inorganic wastewater. As a result of bacterial community analysis for the 20 L anammox reactor, Asahi BRW1, probably originating from the wastewater collected at Asahi Breweries, was detected as the dominant anammox bacterium. These anammox reactors were characterized by a high NH4-N removal capacity for low strength wastewater with a short hydraulic retention time. 相似文献
966.
Satoru Hirayama Natsumi Nojima Soichi Furukawa Hirokazu Ogihara Yasushi Morinaga 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(12):2386-2389
ABSTRACTThe mixed-species biofilm of Lactobacillus plantarum ML11-11 (LAB) and yeast had a double-layered structure with the ground layer composed of LAB cells, and the upper layer composed of coaggregates of LAB and yeast cells. The ability of LAB to adhere to both, the solid surface and the yeast cells, enabled the formation and maintenance of the biofilm as an ecosystem for LAB and yeast. 相似文献
967.
Yuriko Furukawa Akiyoshi Shimada Koichi Kato Hiroo Iwata Keiichi Torimitsu 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2013
Background
Transplantation is one potential clinical application of neural stem cells (NSCs). However, it is very difficult to monitor/control NSCs after transplantation and so provide effective treatment. Electrical measurement using a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT–PSS) modified microelectrode array (MEA) is a biocompatible, non-invasive, non-destructive approach to understanding cell conditions. This property makes continuous monitoring available for the evaluation/assessment of the development of cells such as NSCs.Methods
A PEDOT–PSS modified MEA was used to monitor electrical signals during NSC development in a culture derived from rat embryo striatum in order to understand the NSC differentiation conditions.Results
Electrical data indicated that NSCs with nerve growth factor (NGF) generate a cultured cortical neuron-like burst pattern while a random noise pattern was measured with epidermal growth factor (EGF) at 4 days in vitro (DIV) and a burst pattern was observed in both cases at 11 DIV indicating the successful monitoring of differentiation differences and developmental changes.Conclusions
The electrical analysis of cell activity using a PEDOT–PSS modified MEA could indicate neural network formation by differentiated neurons. Changes in NSC differentiation could be monitored.General significance
The method is based on non-invasive continuous measurement and so could prove a useful tool for the primary/preliminary evaluation of a pharmaceutical analysis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Organic Bioelectronics—Novel Applications in Biomedicine. 相似文献968.
Takayuki Furukawa Misaki Arai Fayna Garcia-Martin Maho Amano Hiroshi Hinou Shin-Ichiro Nishimura 《Glycoconjugate journal》2013,30(2):171-182
Increasing interests have been focused on the functional roles of hyaluronan degradation products, namely hyaluronan oligosaccharides, as signal molecules regulating cell growth, differentiation, malignancy, and inflammatory responses. It is clear that molecular size of hyaluronan oligosaccharides might be crucial for defining possible and dynamic roles in supporting and suppressing homeostatic cellular processes. The present paper communicates a facile and efficient approach based on glycoblotting method for the characterization of hyaluronan fragments liberated from three different sources of hyaluronan (rooster comb, bovine vitreous humor, and Streptococcus) by in vitro degradation using two typical hyaluronidases of bovine testicular (EC 3.2.1.35) and Streptomyces hyalurolyticus (EC 4.2.2.1). It was demonstrated that glycoblotting method allows for high throughput and quantitative analysis of hyaluronan fragments within a wide dynamic range (1?~?1,000 pmole) when 5 μg of hyaluronan digests were applied for this enrichment protocol. Molecular size and distribution of hyaluronan fragments were proved to be influenced strongly by conditions and hyaluronidases employed while source of hyaluronan did not affect the degradation profiles. Strikingly, the present method uncovered the existence of the smallest and unusual hyaluronan degradation fragments such as a disaccharide GlcAβ1-3GlcNAc during the digestion by bovine hyaluronidase and a trisaccharide GlcAβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-4GlcA derivative by Streptomyces hyaluronidase. Bovine testis hyaluronidases afforded hyaluronan tetra- and hexasaccharides as major products. On the other hand, it was demonstrated that Streptomyces hyaluronidase can produce odd number fragments from three to nine sugar residues while even number fragments from four to fourteen sugar residues were major products. 相似文献
969.
Hideaki Shiga Junichi Taki Kohshin Washiyama Junpei Yamamoto Sakae Kinase Koichi Okuda Seigo Kinuya Naoto Watanabe Hisao Tonami Kichiro Koshida Ryohei Amano Mitsuru Furukawa Takaki Miwa 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess whether migration of thallium-201 (201Tl) to the olfactory bulb were reduced in patients with olfactory impairments in comparison to healthy volunteers after nasal administration of 201Tl.Procedures
10 healthy volunteers and 21 patients enrolled in the study (19 males and 12 females; 26–71 years old). The causes of olfactory dysfunction in the patients were head trauma (n = 7), upper respiratory tract infection (n = 7), and chronic rhinosinusitis (n = 7). 201TlCl was administered unilaterally to the olfactory cleft, and SPECT-CT was conducted 24 h later. Separate MRI images were merged with the SPECT images. 201Tl olfactory migration was also correlated with the volume of the olfactory bulb determined from MRI images, as well as with odor recognition thresholds measured by using T&T olfactometry.Results
Nasal 201Tl migration to the olfactory bulb was significantly lower in the olfactory-impaired patients than in healthy volunteers. The migration of 201Tl to the olfactory bulb was significantly correlated with odor recognition thresholds obtained with T&T olfactometry and correlated with the volume of the olfactory bulb determined from MRI images when all subjects were included.Conclusions
Assessment of the 201Tl migration to the olfactory bulb was the new method for the evaluation of the olfactory nerve connectivity in patients with impaired olfaction. 相似文献970.
Hiroshi Furukawa Shomi Oka Kota Shimada Shoji Sugii Atsushi Hashimoto Akiko Komiya Naoshi Fukui Tatsuo Nagai Shunsei Hirohata Keigo Setoguchi Akira Okamoto Noriyuki Chiba Eiichi Suematsu Taiichiro Miyashita Kiyoshi Migita Akiko Suda Shouhei Nagaoka Naoyuki Tsuchiya Shigeto Tohma 《PloS one》2013,8(1)