Periodic emission bursts accompanying the interaction of plasma flows propagating across a magnetic field

It is found experimentally that the interaction of plasma flows propagating in opposite directions across a magnetic field is accompanied by periodic local bursts of intense optical and soft X-ray emission. It is shown that periodic variations in the emission intensity from the interaction region are related to the excitation of steady-state self-oscillations in the plasma. By varying the frequency and amplitude of these oscillations, it is possible to satisfy the resonance conditions at certain characteristic plasma frequencies.     

γ-Lactam-Based Antifungal Compounds against the Wheat Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

As new environmentally friendly and effective antifungal agents are deeply needed, efficient ecofriendly strategies were designed to access two series of compounds inspired from natural γ-lactams. Designed compounds were fully characterized and evaluated as antifungal candidates against Zymoseptoria tritici, the main pathogen on wheat crops. The targeted derivatives were prepared from natural resources using green solvents, simple procedures, and limited purification steps. These bio-inspired compounds revealed as good candidates for further development of efficient crop protection products. Indeed, the HIT compounds exhibited IC₅₀ around 1 μg/mL and were more active than the references tebuconazole and bixafen towards some multidrug-resistant strains. Two dozen of derivatives have been obtained for each series and allowed to establish early structure-activity relationships useful for the development of next generation of γ-lactam derivatives with improved efficacy.