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排序方式: 共有140条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
Samantha J. Pitt Tim M. Funnell Mano Sitsapesan Elisa Venturi Katja Rietdorf Margarida Ruas A. Ganesan Rajendra Gosain Grant C. Churchill Michael X. Zhu John Parrington Antony Galione Rebecca Sitsapesan 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2010,285(45):35039-35046
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a molecule capable of initiating the release of intracellular Ca2+ required for many essential cellular processes. Recent evidence links two-pore channels (TPCs) with NAADP-induced release of Ca2+ from lysosome-like acidic organelles; however, there has been no direct demonstration that TPCs can act as NAADP-sensitive Ca2+ release channels. Controversial evidence also proposes ryanodine receptors as the primary target of NAADP. We show that TPC2, the major lysosomal targeted isoform, is a cation channel with selectivity for Ca2+ that will enable it to act as a Ca2+ release channel in the cellular environment. NAADP opens TPC2 channels in a concentration-dependent manner, binding to high affinity activation and low affinity inhibition sites. At the core of this process is the luminal environment of the channel. The sensitivity of TPC2 to NAADP is steeply dependent on the luminal [Ca2+] allowing extremely low levels of NAADP to open the channel. In parallel, luminal pH controls NAADP affinity for TPC2 by switching from reversible activation of TPC2 at low pH to irreversible activation at neutral pH. Further evidence earmarking TPCs as the likely pathway for NAADP-induced intracellular Ca2+ release is obtained from the use of Ned-19, the selective blocker of cellular NAADP-induced Ca2+ release. Ned-19 antagonizes NAADP-activation of TPC2 in a non-competitive manner at 1 μm but potentiates NAADP activation at nanomolar concentrations. This single-channel study provides a long awaited molecular basis for the peculiar mechanistic features of NAADP signaling and a framework for understanding how NAADP can mediate key physiological events. 相似文献
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65.
TT Chowdhury S Arghandawi J Brand OO Akanji DL Bader DM Salter DA Lee 《Arthritis research & therapy》2008,10(2):R35
Background
Nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2play pivotal roles in both the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and catabolic processes in articular cartilage. These mediators are influenced by both IL-1β and mechanical loading, and involve alterations in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 enzymes. To identify the specific interactions that are activated by both types of stimuli, we examined the effects of dynamic compression on levels of expression of iNOS and COX-2 and involvement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. 相似文献66.
Studies on the wide-host-range fungus Nectria haematococca MP VI have shown a linkage between virulence on pea and five of nine PDA genes that encode the ability to detoxify the pea phytoalexin, pisatin. Most of the PDA genes are on chromosomes of approximately 1.6 megabases (Mb) and two of these genes, PDA1-2 and PDA6-1, have been demonstrated to reside on approximately 1.6-Mb chromosomes that can be lost during meiosis. Prior studies also have shown that the dispensable chromosome carrying PDA6-1 contains a gene (MAK1) necessary for maximum virulence on chickpea. The present study evaluated whether the other approximately 1.6-Mb chromosomes that carry PDA genes also are dispensable, their relationship to each other, and whether they contain genes for pathogenicity on hosts other than pea or chickpea. DNA from the PDA1-1 chromosome (associated with virulence on pea) and the PDA6-1 chromosome (associated with virulence on chickpea) were used to probe blots of contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gels of isolates carrying different PDA genes and genetically related Pda- isolates. All of the approximately 1.6-Mb PDA-bearing chromosomes hybridized with both probes, indicating that they share significant similarity. Genetically related Pda-progeny lacked chromosomes of approximately 1.6 Mb and there was no significant hybridization of any chromosomes to the PDA1-1 and PDA6-1 chromosome probes. When isolates carrying different PDA genes and related Pda- isolates were tested for virulence on carrot and ripe tomato, there was no significant difference in lesion sizes produced by Pda+ and Pda- isolates, indicating that genes for pathogenicity on these hosts are not on the PDA-containing chromosomes. These results support the hypothesis that the chromosomes carrying PDA genes are dispensable and carry host-specific virulence genes while genes for pathogenicity on other hosts are carried on other chromosomes. 相似文献
67.
Border Shana E. Piefke Taylor J. Fialkowski Robert J. Tryc Matthew R. Funnell Tyler R. DeOliveira Gabriela M. Dijkstra Peter D. 《Hydrobiologia》2019,832(1):175-191
Hydrobiologia - In many haplochromine cichlids, body coloration is an important communication cue during social interactions. In some cichlids, individuals can change color, but we have little... 相似文献
68.
Robert J. Watson Julia Tree Susan A. Fotheringham Yper Hall Xiaofeng Dong Kimberley Steeds Jade Gouriet Francisco J. Salguero Christopher Burton James Pitman Linda Easterbrook Kevin S. Richards Jane Burton Kevin Bewley Christine Bruce Julian A. Hiscox Miles W. Carroll Simon G. P. Funnell 《Journal of virology》2021,95(24)
69.
Arvind Kumar Subbaraj Keith Allen Funnell David John Woolley 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2010,29(4):487-499
Floral productivity of Zantedeschia is dependent on the conversion rate of buds to shoots, which is controlled by varying intensities of para- (apical dominance),
endo- (dormancy), and ecodormancy. We present evidence of cross-talk between cytokinin and gibberellin in their complementary
roles to alleviate bud dormancy and enhance flowering in a perennial geophyte. We assessed the impact of cytokinin and gibberellin,
applied alone and in sequential combinations, on bud fate during three phases along the ontogeny of growth, which coincide
with the progressive transition of buds from apical dominance to dormancy. Given that cytokinin can stimulate branching and
gibberellin can induce flowering in Zantedeschia, we measured these phenotypic responses as parameters of bud commitment. The efficacy of cytokinin alone to stimulate branching
declined with the transition to dormancy (phase 1 = 3.8 ± 0.2 shoots; phase 3 = 1.0 ± 0.3 shoots). To sustain branching during
this transition, a sequential application of gibberellin was necessary. Gibberellin alone failed to stimulate branching. The
efficacy of gibberellin alone to stimulate flowering diminished with the transition to dormancy. Any flowering during this
transition occurred only after the sequential application of cytokinin. Cytokinin alone failed to stimulate flowering. Alleviating
bud dormancy and enhancing flowering in Zantedeschia, achieved by the reciprocal cross-talk between cytokinin and gibberellin, contributes to the pool of evidence drawing common
mechanisms between dormancy and flowering and may have commercial implications. 相似文献
70.
Introns and reading frames: correlation between splicing sites and their codon positions 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
Computer analyses of the entire GenBank database were conducted to examine
correlation between splicing sites and codon positions in reading frames.
Intron insertion patterns (i.e., splicing site locations with respect to
codon positions) have been analyzed for all of the 74 codons of all the
eukaryote taxonomic groups: primates, rodents mammals, vertebrates,
invertebrates, and plants. We found that reading frames are interrupted by
an intron at a codon boundary (as opposed to the middle of a codon)
significantly more often than expected. This observation is consistent with
the exon shuffling hypothesis, because exons that end at codon boundaries
can be concatenated without causing a frame shift and thus are
evolutionarily advantageous. On the other hand, when introns interrupt at
the middles of codons, they exist in between the first and second bases
much more frequently than between the second and third bases, despite the
fact that boundaries between the first and second bases of codons are
generally far more important than those between the second and third bases.
The reason for this is not clear and yet to be explained. We also show that
the length of an exon is a multiple of 3 more frequently than expected.
Furthermore, the total length of two consecutive exons is also more
frequently a multiple of 3. All the observations above are consistent with
results recently published by Long, Rosenberg, and Gilbert (1995).
相似文献