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21.
Julie E. Gleason Cissy X. Li Hana M. Odeh Valeria C. Culotta 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2014,19(4-5):595-603
Candida albicans is a pathogenic yeast of important public health relevance. Virulence of C. albicans requires a copper and zinc containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1), but the biology of C. albicans SOD1 is poorly understood. To this end, C. albicans SOD1 activation was examined in baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), a eukaryotic expression system that has proven fruitful for the study of SOD1 enzymes from invertebrates, plants, and mammals. In spite of the 80 % similarity between S. cerevisiae and C. albicans SOD1 molecules, C. albicans SOD1 is not active in S. cerevisiae. The SOD1 appears incapable of productive interactions with the copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS1) of S. cerevisiae. C. albicans SOD1 contains a proline at position 144 predicted to dictate dependence on CCS1. By mutation of this proline, C. albicans SOD1 gained activity in S. cerevisiae, and this activity was independent of CCS1. We identified a putative CCS1 gene in C. albicans and created heterozygous and homozygous gene deletions at this locus. Loss of CCS1 resulted in loss of SOD1 activity, consistent with its role as a copper chaperone. C. albicans CCS1 also restored activity to C. albicans SOD1 expressed in S. cerevisiae. C. albicans CCS1 is well adapted for activating its partner SOD1 from C. albicans, but not SOD1 from S. cerevisiae. In spite of the high degree of homology between the SOD1 and CCS1 molecules in these two fungal species, there exists a species-specific barrier in CCS–SOD interactions which may reflect the vastly different lifestyles of the pathogenic versus the noninfectious yeast. 相似文献
22.
Maura De Simone Lorenza Spagnuolo Nicola Ivan Lorè Giacomo Rossi Cristina Cigana Ida De Fino Fuad A. Iraqi Alessandra Bragonzi 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections including pneumonia, bloodstream, urinary tract, and surgical site infections. The clinical outcome of P. aeruginosa infections may be extremely variable among individuals at risk and patients affected by cystic fibrosis. However, risk factors for P. aeruginosa infection remain largely unknown. To identify and track the host factors influencing P. aeruginosa lung infections, inbred immunocompetent mouse strains were screened in a pneumonia model system. A/J, BALB/cJ, BALB/cAnNCrl, BALB/cByJ, C3H/HeOuJ, C57BL/6J, C57BL/6NCrl, DBA/2J, and 129S2/SvPasCRL mice were infected with P. aeruginosa clinical strain and monitored for body weight and mortality up to seven days. The most deviant survival phenotypes were observed for A/J, 129S2/SvPasCRL and DBA/2J showing high susceptibility while BALB/cAnNCrl and C3H/HeOuJ showing more resistance to P. aeruginosa infection. Next, one of the most susceptible and resistant mouse strains were characterized for their deviant clinical and immunological phenotype by scoring bacterial count, cell-mediated immunity, cytokines and chemokines profile and lung pathology in an early time course. Susceptible A/J mice showed significantly higher bacterial burden, higher cytokines and chemokines levels but lower leukocyte recruitment, particularly neutrophils, when compared to C3H/HeOuJ resistant mice. Pathologic scores showed lower inflammatory severity, reduced intraluminal and interstitial inflammation extent, bronchial and parenchymal involvement and diminished alveolar damage in the lungs of A/J when compared to C3H/HeOuJ. Our findings indicate that during an early phase of infection a prompt inflammatory response in the airways set the conditions for a non-permissive environment to P. aeruginosa replication and lock the spread to other organs. Host gene(s) may have a role in the reduction of cell-mediated immunity playing a critical role in the control of P. aeruginosa infection. These results now provide a basis for mapping genomic regions underlying host susceptibility to P. aeruginosa infection. 相似文献
23.
Mode of interaction between beta-lactam antibiotics and the exocellular DD-carboxypeptidase--transpeptidase from Streptomyces R39. 总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3
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The exocellular DD-carboxypeptidase-transpeptidase of Streptomyces R39 is inhibited by beta-lactam antibiotics according to the same general scheme of reaction as the exocellular DD-carboxypeptidase-transpeptidase of Streptomyces R61. However, the values for the kinetic constants involved in the reaction are very different for the two enzymes and provide an explanation for the observation that the R39 enzyme is more sensitive to beta-lactam antibiotics than the R61 enzyme. Further, particular beta-lactams influence the kinetic constants to different extents depending on the source of the enzyme, so that a physical basis for the spectrum of antibiotic activity against particular enzyme systems is provided. 相似文献
24.
25.
Fuad Hajji 《Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology》2011,10(1):25-30
Biopolymers are engineered physically, chemically, genetically or biochemically (i.e. via biotechnological fermentation process)
with the purpose to meet specific industry requirements of a wide range of applications. Various technological strategies
are reported to create biodegradable plastics with unique physicochemical properties and a predetermined service life. The
combination of polymeric material in composites is considered to optimize their mechanical behavior and reliability. Extrusion,
a thermomechanical process, is the most widely used technology for producing thermoplastic starch. However, the ease of cellulose
accessibility for thermal processing is of increasing economic importance but is complicated by the presence of very strong
intermolecular hydrogen bonds in cellulose. Chemical modification is still the common way to get cellulosic thermoplastic
products from renewable resources. Therefore, STEP ITN research activities focus on understanding the fundamental chemistry
governing polysaccharide transformation and shaping, to utilize this knowledge to introduce thermoplasticity and new functionalities
in polymers such as unmodified cellulose. 相似文献
26.
Fuad Al-Ahwani 《Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology》2018,16(1):71-76
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PIK3s) are lipid kinases. Mutation in the exon 9 and exon 20 determined as a predictive factor in anti-HER-2 therapy. In some countries, such as Singapore, China, and Peru, PIK3CA exon 9 E545A was reported to produce the highest rate of mutation. In this research, we developed and optimized PIK3CA exon 9 E545A detection methods with intercalating dye SYBR Green I based on the Tm Shift approach by using prepared recombinant plasmid pGEMT-easy PIK3CA exon 9 and PIK3CA exon 9 E545A. Recombinant plasmid was used due to the limited number of samples.
Methods
Recombinant plasmid was prepared based on manufactured procedures, and this process was then followed by Tm prediction with Poland software, Tm Shift SYBR Green I development, and its characterization (reproducibility, repeatability, sensitivity, qPCR efficiency, and qPCR amplification), respectively.Result
A method for PIK3CA E545A detection based on TM shift SYBR Green I has been successfully developed. The melting temperature for PIK3CA exon 9 was 78.1 ± 0.1 °C, while that for PIK3CA exon E545A was 80.20 °C. The Tm of mutant was the same as that predicted using Polland Software. The reproducibility of the methods was high, with the coefficient values for inter and intra assays were below 10% with a high sensitivity at 1%, while R2 0.99 and PCR efficiency was 97.75%.Conclusion
The results presented here demonstrate that the PIK3CA exon 9 E545A detection method has a good sensitivity and efficacy assay, which proves that the method has a high diagnostic accuracy in breast cancer. 相似文献27.
Margo P. Cohen Elizabeth Hud Van-Yu Wu Fuad N. Ziyadeh 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1995,143(1):73-79
Increased protein glycation has been mechanistically linked to accelerated vascular pathobiology in diabetes. To test the influence of protein modified by Amadori glucose adducts on vascular cell biology, we examined the effect of glycated albumin on replicative capacity and basement membrane collagen production by aortic endothelial cells in culture. Relative to carbohydrate-free albumin, which supported cell proliferation and Type IV collagen synthesis, glycated albumin significantly inhibited3H-thymidine incorporation and Type IV collagen production. The glycated albumin-induced effects were prevented by monoclonal antibodies (A717) that specifically react with Amadori-modified albumin, but not by IgG that was unreactive with glycated albumin. A717 had no effect on thymidine incorporation or collagen synthesis by cells cultured in the presence of nonglycated albumin. The findings indicate that the interaction of glycated albumin with endothelial cells, which have been shown to display dose-responsive, saturable receptors, limits cell replication and triggers maladaptive biosynthetic programs, which may contribute to degenerative macrovascular disease in diabetes. 相似文献
28.
Albumin modified by Amadori glucose adducts activates mesangial cell type IV collagen gene transcription 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Margo P. Cohen Elizabeth Hud Van-Yu Wu Fuad N. Ziyadeh 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1995,151(1):61-67
Increased protein glycation has been mechanistically linked to accelerated vascular pathobiology in diabetes. To test the influence of protein modified by Amadori glucose adducts on vascular cell biology, we examined the effect of glycated albumin on replicative capacity and basement membrane collagen production by aortic endothelial cells in culture. Relative to carbohydrate-free albumin, which supported cell proliferation and Type IV collagen synthesis, glycated albumin significantly inhibited3H-thymidine incorporation and Type IV collagen production. The glycated albumin-induced effects were prevented by monoclonal antibodies (A717) that specifically react with Amadori-modified albumin, but not by IgG that was unreactive with glycated albumin. A717 had no effect on thymidine incorporation or collagen synthesis by cells cultured in the presence of nonglycated albumin. The findings indicate that the interaction of glycated albumin with endothelial cells, which have been shown to display dose-responsive, saturable receptors, limits cell replication and triggers maladaptive biosynthetic programs, which may contribute to degenerative macrovascular disease in diabetes. 相似文献
29.
30.
Fuad Ameen Mohamed Moslem Sarfaraz Hadi Ahmed E. Al-Sabri 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2016,23(2):211-218
Mangrove sediments were collected from major mangrove stands on the Red Sea Coast of Saudi Arabia. Forty five isolates belonging to 12 genera were purified and five isolates as well as their consortium were found to be able to grow in association with petroleum oil as sole carbon source under in vitro conditions. The isolated strains were identified based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequence analysis. The fungal strains with the greatest potentiality to degrade diesel oil, without developing antagonistic activity, were identified as Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus terreus, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Eupenicillium hirayamae and Paecilomyces variotii. As compared to the controls, these fungi accumulated significantly higher biomass, produced extracellular enzymes and liberated larger volumes of CO2. These observations with GC–MS data confirm that these isolates displayed rapid diesel oil bioremoval and when used together as a consortium, there was no antagonistic activity. 相似文献