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991.
3‐acetylpyridine‐induced degeneration in the adult ascidian neural complex: Reactive and regenerative changes in glia and blood cells
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Bianca N. S. P. Medina Isadora Santos de Abreu Leny A. Cavalcante Wagner A. B. Silva Rodrigo N. da Fonseca Cintia M. de Barros 《Developmental neurobiology》2015,75(8):877-893
Ascidians are interesting neurobiological models because of their evolutionary position as a sister‐group of vertebrates and the high regenerative capacity of their central nervous system (CNS). We investigated the degeneration and regeneration of the cerebral ganglion complex of the ascidian Styela plicata following injection of the niacinamide antagonist 3‐acetylpyridine (3AP), described as targeting the CNS of several vertebrates. For the analysis and establishment of a new model in ascidians, the ganglion complex was dissected and prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), routine light microscopy (LM), immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, 1 or 10 days after injection of 3AP. The siphon stimulation test (SST) was used to quantify the functional response. One day after the injection of 3AP, CNS degeneration and recruitment of a non‐neural cell type to the site of injury was observed by both TEM and LM. Furthermore, weaker immunohistochemical reactions for astrocytic glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuronal βIII‐tubulin were observed. In contrast, the expression of caspase‐3, a protein involved in the apoptotic pathway, and the glycoprotein CD34, a marker for hematopoietic stem cells, increased. Ten days after the injection of 3AP, the expression of markers tended toward the original condition. The SST revealed attenuation and subsequent recovery of the reflexes from 1 to 10 days after 3AP. Therefore, we have developed a new method to study ascidian neural degeneration and regeneration, and identified the decreased expression of GFAP and recruitment of blood stem cells to the damaged ganglion as reasons for the success of neuroregeneration in ascidians. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 877–893, 2015 相似文献
992.
Luzinei da Silva-Couto Raquel Peralva Ribeiro-Rom?o Andrea Franco Saavedra Beatriz Lilian da Silva Costa Souza Otacílio Cruz Moreira Adriano Gomes-Silva Bartira Rossi-Bergmann Alda Maria Da-Cruz Eduardo Fonseca Pinto 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2015,9(1)
Background
Previous results have shown that oral and intranasal administration of particulate Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis antigens (LaAg) partially protects mice against L. amazonensis infection. However, vaccination studies on species of the subgenus Viannia, the main causative agent of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in the Americas, have been hampered by the lack of easy-to-handle bio-models that accurately mimic the human disease. Recently, we demonstrated that the golden hamster is an appropriate model for studying the immunopathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. (Viannia) braziliensis. Using the golden hamster model, our current study investigated whether the protective effect of intranasal immunisation with LaAg can be extended to L. braziliensis infection.Methodology/Principal Findings
Golden hamsters vaccinated with either two intranasal (IN) doses of LaAg (10 µg) or two intramuscular doses of LaAg (20 µg) were challenged 2 weeks post-vaccination with L. braziliensis. The results showed that IN immunisation with LaAg significantly reduced lesion growth and parasitic load as well as serum IgG and IgG2 levels. At the experimental endpoint on day 114 post-infection, IN-immunised hamsters that were considered protected expressed IFN-γ and IL10 mRNA levels that returned to uninfected skin levels. In contrast to the nasal route, intramuscular (IM) immunisation failed to provide protection.Conclusions/Significance
These results demonstrate for the first time that the nasal route of immunisation can induce cross protection against L. braziliensis infection. 相似文献993.
Daniel Silqueira Martins Guimar?es Amanda Luisa da Fonseca Ronan Batista Moacyr Comar Junior Alaíde Braga de Oliveira Alex Gutterres Taranto Fernando de Pilla Varotti 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(2):255-258
Malaria is responsible for more deaths around the world than any other parasitic
disease. Due to the emergence of strains that are resistant to the current
chemotherapeutic antimalarial arsenal, the search for new antimalarial drugs remains
urgent though hampered by a lack of knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms of
artemisinin resistance. Semisynthetic compounds derived from diterpenes from the
medicinal plant Wedelia paludosa were tested in silico against
the Plasmodium falciparum Ca2+-ATPase, PfATP6. This
protein was constructed by comparative modelling using the three-dimensional
structure of a homologous protein, 1IWO, as a scaffold. Compound 21 showed the best
docking scores, indicating a better interaction with PfATP6 than that of
thapsigargin, the natural inhibitor. Inhibition of PfATP6 by diterpene compounds
could promote a change in calcium homeostasis, leading to parasite death. These data
suggest PfATP6 as a potential target for the antimalarial
ent-kaurane diterpenes. 相似文献
994.
Bruno D. Fonseca Chadi Zakaria Jian-Jun Jia Tyson E. Graber Yuri Svitkin Soroush Tahmasebi Danielle Healy Huy-Dung Hoang Jacob M. Jensen Ilo T. Diao Alexandre Lussier Christopher Dajadian Niranjan Padmanabhan Walter Wang Edna Matta-Camacho Jaclyn Hearnden Ewan M. Smith Yoshinori Tsukumo Akiko Yanagiya Masahiro Morita Emmanuel Petroulakis Jose L. González Greco Hernández Tommy Alain Christian K. Damgaard 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2015,290(26):15996-16020
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a critical regulator of protein synthesis. The best studied targets of mTORC1 in translation are the eukaryotic initiation factor-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1). In this study, we identify the La-related protein 1 (LARP1) as a key novel target of mTORC1 with a fundamental role in terminal oligopyrimidine (TOP) mRNA translation. Recent genome-wide studies indicate that TOP and TOP-like mRNAs compose a large portion of the mTORC1 translatome, but the mechanism by which mTORC1 controls TOP mRNA translation is incompletely understood. Here, we report that LARP1 functions as a key repressor of TOP mRNA translation downstream of mTORC1. Our data show the following: (i) LARP1 associates with mTORC1 via RAPTOR; (ii) LARP1 interacts with TOP mRNAs in an mTORC1-dependent manner; (iii) LARP1 binds the 5′TOP motif to repress TOP mRNA translation; and (iv) LARP1 competes with the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4G for TOP mRNA binding. Importantly, from a drug resistance standpoint, our data also show that reducing LARP1 protein levels by RNA interference attenuates the inhibitory effect of rapamycin, Torin1, and amino acid deprivation on TOP mRNA translation. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that LARP1 functions as an important repressor of TOP mRNA translation downstream of mTORC1. 相似文献
995.
João Carvalho Ulf Büntgen Nathalie Pettorelli Gregorio Mentaberre Xavier Olivé-boix Oihana Eizaguirre Jesús M. Pérez Paulino Fandos Rita T. Torres Santiago Lavín Carlos Fonseca Emmanuel Serrano 《The Journal of wildlife management》2020,84(4):651-665
Size-selective harvesting of wild ungulates can trigger a range of ecological and evolutionary consequences. It remains unclear how environmental conditions, including changes in habitat, climate, and local weather conditions, dilute or strengthen the effects of trophy hunting. We analyzed horn length measurements of 2,815 male ibex (Capra pyrenaica) that were harvested from 1995 to 2017 in Els Ports de Tortosa i Beseit National Hunting Reserve in northeastern Spain. We used linear mixed models to determine the magnitude of inter-individual horn growth variability and partial least square path models to evaluate long-term effects of environmental change, population size, and hunting strategy on horn growth. Age-specific horn length significantly decreased over the study period, and nearly a quarter (23%) of its annual variation was attributed to individual heterogeneity among males. The encroachment of pine (Pinus spp.) forests had a negative effect on annual horn growth, possibly through nutritional impoverishment. The harvesting of trophy and selective individuals (e.g., small-horned males) from the entire population increased horn growth, probably because it reduced the competition for resources and prevented breeding of these smaller males. Local weather conditions and population size did not influence horn growth. Our study demonstrates how habitat changes are altering the horn growth of male ibex. We suggest that habitat interventions, such the thinning of pine forests, can contribute to securing the sustainability of trophy hunting. Even in situations where size-selective harvesting is not causing a detectable phenotypic response, management actions leading to the expansion of preferred land cover types, such as grass-rich open areas, can have a positive effect on ungulate fitness. Forest encroachment on open meadows and heterogeneous grasslands is pervasive throughout Mediterranean ecosystems. Therefore, our management recommendations can be extended to the landscape level, which will have the potential to mitigate the side effects of habitat deterioration on the phenotypic traits of wild ibex. © 2020 The Wildlife Society. 相似文献
996.
Jonas Kuppler Ccile H. Albert Gregory M. Ames William Scott Armbruster Gerhard Boenisch Florian C. Boucher Diane R. Campbell Liedson T. Carneiro Eduardo Chacn‐Madrigal Brian J. Enquist Carlos R. Fonseca Jos M. Gmez Antoine Guisan Pedro Higuchi Dirk N. Karger Jens Kattge Michael Kleyer Nathan J. B. Kraft Anne‐Amlie C. Larue‐Konti Amparo Lzaro Martin Lechleitner Deirdre Loughnan Vanessa Minden Ülo Niinemets Gerhard E. Overbeck Amy L. Parachnowitsch Francisco Perfectti Valrio D. Pillar David Schellenberger Costa Nina Sletvold Martina Stang Isabel Alves‐dos‐Santos Helena Streit Justin Wright Marcin Zych Robert R. Junker 《Global Ecology and Biogeography》2020,29(6):992-1007
997.
998.
Monique Michels Mariane Rocha Abatti Pricila vila Andriele Vieira Heloisa Borges Celso Carvalho Junior Diogo Wendhausen Juciano Gasparotto Camila Tiefensee Ribeiro Jos Claudio Fonseca Moreira Daniel Pens Gelain Felipe Dal‐Pizzol 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(1):88-97
We aim to characterize the kinetics of early and late microglial phenotypes after systemic inflammation in an animal model of severe sepsis and the effects of minocycline on these phenotypes. Rats were subjected to CLP, and some animals were treated with minocycline (10 ug/kg) by i.c.v. administration. Animals were killed 24 hours, 5, 10 and 30 days after sepsis induction, and serum and hippocampus were collected for subsequent analyses. Real‐time PCR was performed for M1 and M2 markers. TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, CCL‐22 and nitrite/nitrate levels were measured. Immunofluorescence for IBA‐1, CD11b and arginase was also performed. We demonstrated that early after sepsis, there was a preponderant up‐regulation of M1 markers, and this was not switched to M2 phenotype markers later on. We found that up‐regulation of both M1 and M2 markers co‐existed up to 30 days after sepsis induction. In addition, minocycline induced a down‐regulation, predominantly, of M1 markers. Our results suggest early activation of M1 microglia that is followed by an overlap of both M1 and M2 phenotypes and that the beneficial effects of minocycline on sepsis‐associated brain dysfunction may be related to its effects predominantly on the M1 phenotype. 相似文献
999.
Fernanda Luiza Facioli Gabriela da Fonseca Bezutti Rodrigo Saraiva Bender Mariana Groke Marques Carlos Bondan Eraldo Lourenso Zanella Marcelo Bertolini Ricardo Zanella 《Animal Reproduction》2020,17(4)
Twin birth is a complex condition observed in most livestock animals, when the female gives birth to two or more offspring, generally out of the same mating. In cattle, it is a rare condition (3 to 5%) and depends on the genetic background and environmental factors. Twin birth is a result of multiple ovulations, being more common in dairy rather than in beef cattle. Calves could be monozygous or dizygous, with the same or of different sexes. When twins are born with different sexes, a sexual condition called Freemartinism occurs in between 90 to 97% of pregnancies, causing infertility in the female calf. Knowing that the twin rate is rare in commercial beef cattle, here we present an even rarer case of twin birth from two different sires after natural mating, also called heteropaternal superfecundation. 相似文献