非生物胁迫下植物表观遗传变异的研究进展

植物在整个生命过程中固着生长,不能主动躲避外界不良环境的危害,需要通过自身的防御机制来抵御和适应外界胁迫,而表观遗传修饰在调控植物应对不良环境胁迫中起重要作用。该文从DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑和非编码RNA等方面进行了综述,主要阐述了近年来国内外有关非生物胁迫下植物的表观遗传变化,以期为利用表观遗传变异提高植物的抗胁迫能力提供参考。     

茎花葱臭木化学成分的研究

从茎花葱臭木种子中分离得到5个化合物,经理化与波谱分析鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1)、没食子酸乙酯(2)、胡萝卜苷(3)、1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-N-(2 ′-羟基二十四烷酰氨基)十八二氧鞘氨-8-烯(4)和2,3,2″,3″-四氢穗花杉双黄酮(5).这5个化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到.其中化合物5进行细胞毒活性测试,没有显示抑制活性.     

若尔盖人-狼冲突现状与管理研究

大中型食肉动物肇事事件导致人类与野生动物关系恶化,给生物多样性保护工作带来巨大的挑战。若尔盖湿地是我国三大湿地之一,湿地、草原分布广泛,生物多样性丰富,畜牧业发达,但近年来狼(Canis lupus)捕杀牲畜的肇事事件时有发生。为了解若尔盖野生狼肇事件的空间分布以及牧民对人-狼冲突管理的看法,本研究于2022年对若尔盖县13个乡镇83个行政村进行走访调查。结果表明：(1)多数受访者(66.0%)认为在过去5年内,若尔盖县野生狼数量有所增加;(2)狼肇事事件具有明显的空间分异性,最严重的是包座乡。包座乡临近山区,该区域牧场面积广阔、牧民饲养牲畜数量多等原因导致该镇发生狼肇事事件较多;(3)对于狼肇事,绝大多数牧民(85.0%)更希望采取经济补偿或者驱赶措施,只有少数牧民(9.4%)希望采取捕杀的措施;(4)影响牧民对狼肇事管理措施的偏好因子中,受教育程度、年龄、民族以及被杀牲畜数量有显著影响。建议加强狼种群监测管理,采取措施减少狼捕杀牲畜,优化补偿机制,缓解当地牧民与狼之间的矛盾。本研究为当前若尔盖县野生动物保护和管理决策提供了依据,对其他地区大型食肉动物与当地居民冲突管理具有借鉴意义。     

利用恒河婴猴模型对肠道病毒71型传播感染特征的生物学分析

本文在前期工作基础上,进一步对肠道病毒71型(EV71)从恒河婴猴的感染个体向其他未感染个体传播的可能性及相关生物学特性做了初步分析.通过喷雾形式经呼吸道感染1~2月龄恒河婴猴(A组);在观察临床症状同时,于感染后第7天,取该组动物粪便处理后,将上清液以喷雾形式经呼吸道感染新的婴猴个体(B组),随后对该次代感染个体进行...     

基于Voronoi图的丹顶鹤巢址空间格局分析

依据1996年、2003—2007年扎龙保护区丹顶鹤巢址数据,利用Voronoi图理论,分析了巢址的空间分布特征,计算了其拓扑指数—Voronoi图面积。结果表明,丹顶鹤巢址空间分布具有明显的空间聚类特征。以扎龙保护区的2006年巢址、居民点、国道和铁路为对象,构成其Voronoi图,较好地说明了人类活动对丹顶鹤巢址的空间格局的影响,研究结果对丹顶鹤栖息地的保护将起到重要作用。     

Endophthalmitis caused by Fusarium: An emerging problem in patients with corneal trauma. A case series

Background

Although fortunately very rare in countries with a temperate climate, certain factors, such as clinical or pharmacological immunosuppression, may cause Fusarium-related fungal infections to become an emerging problem. Moreover, Fusarium is one of the most important etiological agents in exogenous endophthalmitis, which is often favored by the disruption of the epithelial barriers.

Increment of hFIX expression with endogenous intron 1 in Vitro

This paper probes into the feasibility of increasing expression level of hFIX gene with endogenous intron 1 sequence.hFIX minigene was obtained with middle sequence truncated intron 1 inserted into the relative site of hFIX cDNA,and plasmid vector pKG5i‘IX,retroviral vector G1NaCi‘IX were constructed.These vectors were transduced into target cells of PA317,C2C12,primary rabbit skin fibroblasts (RSF) and primary human skin fibroblasts (HSF).The expression level of mixed colonies are PA317/pKG5i‘IX,151 ng/10^6 cells/24h;PA317/G1NaCi‘IX,308 ng/10^6 cells/24 h;C2C12/G1NaCi‘IX,186 ng/10^6 cells/24 h;RSF/G1NaCi‘IX,1929 ng/10^6 cells/24 h;HSF/G1NaCi‘IX,1646 ng/10^6 cells/24 h.These results indicated that hFIX minigene with intron l is able to increase the expression level to about 3 times of that of hFIX cDNA.Meanwhile,in order to study the application of hFIX minigene in the retroviral-mediated gene transfer system and refrain from intron splicing during viral production,a retroviral vector G1NaCi‘IXR with reversely inserted hFIX minigene expression cassette was constructed.The expression level of reverse constructor in PA317 cells was 390 ng/10^6 cells/24 h with 79% of bioactivity.PCR detection of HT/G1NaCi‘IXR cells infected with PA317/G1NaCi‘IXR supernatant confirmed the existence of intron 1 sequence.These results suggested that expression vector with forward-inserted intronl-carrying hFIX expression cassette can be used in directed gene transfer,but when using the retroviral-mediated gene transfer system,reversely-inserted intronl-carrying hFIX expression cassette should be considered.     

Tyrosine phosphorylation as evidence of epididymal cauda participation in the sperm maturation process of Corynorhinus mexicanus bat

The bat Corynorhinus mexicanus provides an interesting experimental model for the study of epididymal sperm maturation because after spermatogenesis and the regression of the testes, this bat stores sperm in the epididymal cauda for several months. Earlier research conducted by our group suggested that sperm maturation in this species must be completed in the caudal region of the epididymis. One of the major signal transduction events during sperm maturation is the tyrosine phosphorylation of sperm proteins. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate tyrosine phosphorylation in spermatozoa obtained from the caput, corpus and cauda of the epididymis during the sperm storage period. The maturation status of the sperm was determined by the percentage of capacitation and tyrosine phosphorylation in sperm obtained from the epididymis. The highest proportion of tyrosine phosphorylation was registered after the sperm had reached the cauda epididymis during the middle of the storage period. In conclusion, in Corynorhinus mexicanus and most likely in other chiropteran species with an asynchronous male reproductive pattern, epididymal sperm maturation ends in the caudal region of the epididymis and is related to the time that the sperm remains in the epididymis before mating activity.     

康氏木霉纤维素酶系中C_x酶多分子型的分离纯化及某些性质

从康氐木霉(Trichoderma k(?)ningii)白色变异株As 3.4001的粗酶制剂中,获得了纤维素酶系中的一组C_x酶(C_(x1) C_(x2) C_(x3) C_(x4))。分离步骤包括Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤,DEAESephadex A-50离子交换层析,ConA-Sepharose亲合层析,SE-Sephadex C-50离子交换层析及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。C_(x1)与C_(x2)的分子量不同而所带电荷相同,它们的分子量各自为44,500和34,000。C_(x2)—C_(x4)的分子量相同而所带电荷不同。纯化的C_(x1)—C_(x4)经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定为单带。比较它们对羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)的糖化力及液化力表明在作用方式的随机性上C_(x2)>C_(x3)>C_(x1)>C_(x4)。     

Mio-Pliocene rodent assemblages from Alcoi Forn (Alcoy Basin,Eastern Spain). Biostratigraphical and palaeoclimatical inferences

In this work, we describe four new micromammal sites in the northern side of the Gormaget ravine, in the Alcoy Basin (Spain): AF-1’06, AF-1’07, AF-1A and AF-2. Based on the study of the faunal remains from these localities, we infer a latest Turolian-earliest Ruscinian age for AF-1’06 and AF-1A, and an earliest Ruscinian age for AF-1’07 and AF-2. The species assemblage of the locality AF-1’06, the only one which have yielded a sufficient number of remains to perform a palaecological analysis, shows warm and dry conditions near the Mio-Pliocene boundary in the Alcoy Basin. These data show a reduction of dry and warm indicators from older to younger localities in the Alcoy Basin, suggesting a change to colder and more humid conditions during the Early Pliocene.