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51.
Methods for surveillance of fetal alcohol syndrome: The fetal alcohol syndrome surveillance network II (FASSNetII) – Arizona,Colorado, New York, 2009 ‐ 2014
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Leslie A. O'Leary Linnette Ortiz April Montgomery Deborah J. Fox Christopher Cunniff Margaret Ruttenber April Breen Sydney Pettygrove Don Klumb Charlotte Druschel Jaime L. Frías Luther K. Robinson Jacquelyn Bertrand Kelly Ferrara Maureen Kelly Suzanne M. Gilboa F. John Meaney for the FASSNetII 《Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology》2015,103(3):196-202
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Aluminium and iron air pollution near an iron casting and aluminium foundry in Turin district (Italy) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Polizzi S Ferrara M Bugiani M Barbero D Baccolo T 《Journal of inorganic biochemistry》2007,101(9):1339-1343
This work reports the results of an environmental survey carried out in an industrial area in the Province of Turin: its main aim is to assess the levels of iron and aluminium in the outside air during the period from July to September to assess the influence of industrial activity (a cast-iron and aluminium foundry) which is interrupted during the month of August, on the level of metals present in the air. Conducting the analysis during this period of time made it possible to avoid the confounding effect of pollution due to domestic central heating. The measurements were taken from nine areas at different distances from the foundry in the area and according to the direction of the prevailing winds, as deduced from the historical data. The results of this survey show a statistically significant difference in iron and aluminium levels in the outside air in the geographic areas between the two main periods examined: during August (no foundry activity) v/s July-September (foundry activity). The values recorded are: Aluminium 0.4+/-0.45 microg/m(3) v/s 1.12+/-1.29 microg/m(3) (p<0.0001); Iron 0.95+/-0.56 microg/m(3) v/s 1.6+/-1.0 microg/m(3) (p<0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences between the nine sampling points from the point of view of the sampling sites, climate conditions and wind directions. We found no correlation with car traffic, in terms of the number of vehicles, and metals. The values of iron tended to be higher in the areas farther away from the foundry site in the areas located along the path of the prevailing winds. 相似文献
56.
Bontempo P Mita L Miceli M Doto A Nebbioso A De Bellis F Conte M Minichiello A Manzo F Carafa V Basile A Rigano D Sorbo S Castaldo Cobianchi R Schiavone EM Ferrara F De Simone M Vietri M Cioffi M Sica V Bresciani F de Lera AR Altucci L Molinari AM 《The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology》2007,39(10):1902-1914
Curative properties of some medicinal plants such as the Feijoa sellowiana Bert. (Myrtaceae), have been often claimed, although the corresponding molecular mechanism(s) remain elusive. We report here that the Feijoa acetonic extract exerts anti-cancer activities on solid and hematological cancer cells. Feijoa extract did not show toxic effects on normal myeloid progenitors thus displaying a tumor-selective activity. In the Feijoa acetonic extract, fractionation and subsequent purification and analyses identified Flavone as the active component. Flavone induces apoptosis which is accompanied by caspase activation and p16, p21 and TRAIL over-expression in human myeloid leukemia cells. Use of ex vivo myeloid leukemia patients blasts confirms that both the full acetonic Feijoa extract and its derived Flavone are able to induce apoptosis. In both cell lines and myeloid leukemia patients blasts the apoptotic activity of Feijoa extract and Flavone is accompanied by increase of histone and non-histone acetylation levels and by HDAC inhibition. Our findings show for the first time that the Feijoa apoptotic active principle is the Flavone and that this activity correlates with the induction of HDAC inhibition, supporting the hypothesis of its epigenetic pro-apoptotic regulation in cancer systems. 相似文献
57.
The Contribution of Agriculture,Forestry and other Land Use activities to Global Warming, 1990–2012
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Francesco N. Tubiello Mirella Salvatore Alessandro F. Ferrara Jo House Sandro Federici Simone Rossi Riccardo Biancalani Rocio D. Condor Golec Heather Jacobs Alessandro Flammini Paolo Prosperi Paola Cardenas‐Galindo Josef Schmidhuber Maria J. Sanz Sanchez Nalin Srivastava Pete Smith 《Global Change Biology》2015,21(7):2655-2660
We refine the information available through the IPCC AR5 with regard to recent trends in global GHG emissions from agriculture, forestry and other land uses (AFOLU), including global emission updates to 2012. Using all three available AFOLU datasets employed for analysis in the IPCC AR5, rather than just one as done in the IPCC AR5 WGIII Summary for Policy Makers, our analyses point to a down‐revision of global AFOLU shares of total anthropogenic emissions, while providing important additional information on subsectoral trends. Our findings confirm that the share of AFOLU emissions to the anthropogenic total declined over time. They indicate a decadal average of 28.7 ± 1.5% in the 1990s and 23.6 ± 2.1% in the 2000s and an annual value of 21.2 ± 1.5% in 2010. The IPCC AR5 had indicated a 24% share in 2010. In contrast to previous decades, when emissions from land use (land use, land use change and forestry, including deforestation) were significantly larger than those from agriculture (crop and livestock production), in 2010 agriculture was the larger component, contributing 11.2 ± 0.4% of total GHG emissions, compared to 10.0 ± 1.2% of the land use sector. Deforestation was responsible for only 8% of total anthropogenic emissions in 2010, compared to 12% in the 1990s. Since 2010, the last year assessed by the IPCC AR5, new FAO estimates indicate that land use emissions have remained stable, at about 4.8 Gt CO2 eq yr?1 in 2012. Emissions minus removals have also remained stable, at 3.2 Gt CO2 eq yr?1 in 2012. By contrast, agriculture emissions have continued to grow, at roughly 1% annually, and remained larger than the land use sector, reaching 5.4 Gt CO2 eq yr?1 in 2012. These results are useful to further inform the current climate policy debate on land use, suggesting that more efforts and resources should be directed to further explore options for mitigation in agriculture, much in line with the large efforts devoted to REDD+ in the past decade. 相似文献
58.
Caskey CF Hlawitschka M Qin S Mahakian LM Cardiff RD Boone JM Ferrara KW 《PloS one》2011,6(11):e27372
Therapeutic ultrasound (US) can be noninvasively focused to activate drugs, ablate tumors and deliver drugs beyond the blood brain barrier. However, well-controlled guidance of US therapy requires fusion with a navigational modality, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or X-ray computed tomography (CT). Here, we developed and validated tissue characterization using a fusion between US and CT. The performance of the CT/US fusion was quantified by the calibration error, target registration error and fiducial registration error. Met-1 tumors in the fat pads of 12 female FVB mice provided a model of developing breast cancer with which to evaluate CT-based tissue segmentation. Hounsfield units (HU) within the tumor and surrounding fat pad were quantified, validated with histology and segmented for parametric analysis (fat: −300 to 0 HU, protein-rich: 1 to 300 HU, and bone: HU>300). Our open source CT/US fusion system differentiated soft tissue, bone and fat with a spatial accuracy of ∼1 mm. Region of interest (ROI) analysis of the tumor and surrounding fat pad using a 1 mm2 ROI resulted in mean HU of 68±44 within the tumor and −97±52 within the fat pad adjacent to the tumor (p<0.005). The tumor area measured by CT and histology was correlated (r2 = 0.92), while the area designated as fat decreased with increasing tumor size (r2 = 0.51). Analysis of CT and histology images of the tumor and surrounding fat pad revealed an average percentage of fat of 65.3% vs. 75.2%, 36.5% vs. 48.4%, and 31.6% vs. 38.5% for tumors <75 mm3, 75–150 mm3 and >150 mm3, respectively. Further, CT mapped bone-soft tissue interfaces near the acoustic beam during real-time imaging. Combined CT/US is a feasible method for guiding interventions by tracking the acoustic focus within a pre-acquired CT image volume and characterizing tissues proximal to and surrounding the acoustic focus. 相似文献
59.
Scala E Alessandri C Palazzo P Pomponi D Liso M Bernardi ML Ferrara R Zennaro D Santoro M Rasi C Mari A 《PloS one》2011,6(9):e24912
Background
IgE recognition of panallergens having highly conserved sequence regions, structure, and function and shared by inhalant and food allergen sources is often observed.Methods
We evaluated the IgE recognition profile of profilins (Bet v 2, Cyn d 12, Hel a 2, Hev b 8, Mer a 1, Ole e 2, Par j 3, Phl p 12, Pho d 2), PR-10 proteins (Aln g 1, Api g 1, Bet v 1.0101, Bet v 1.0401, Cor a 1, Dau c 1 and Mal d 1.0108) and tropomyosins (Ani s 3, Der p 10, Hel as 1, Pen i 1, Pen m 1, Per a 7) using the Immuno-Solid phase Allergen Chip (ISAC) microarray system. The three panallergen groups were well represented among the allergenic molecules immobilized on the ISAC. Moreover, they are distributed in several taxonomical allergenic sources, either close or distant, and have a route of exposure being either inhalation or ingestion.Results
3,113 individuals (49.9% female) were selected on the basis of their reactivity to profilins, PR-10 or tropomyosins. 1,521 (48.8%) patients were reactive to profilins (77.6% Mer a 1 IgE+), 1,420 (45.6%) to PR-10 (92.5% Bet v 1 IgE+) and 632 (20.3%) to tropomyosins (68% Der p 10 IgE+). A significant direct relationship between different representative molecules within each group of panallergens was found. 2,688 patients (86.4%) recognized only one out of the three distinct groups of molecules as confirmed also by hierarchical clustering analysis.Conclusions
Unless exposed to most of the allergens in the same or related allergenic sources, a preferential IgE response to distinct panallergens has been recorded. Allergen microarray IgE testing increases our knowledge of the IgE immune response and related epidemiological features within and between homologous molecules better describing the patients'' immunological phenotypes. 相似文献60.
Molteni L Meggiolaro D De Giovanni Macchi A De Lorenzi L Crepaldi P Stacchezzini S Cremonesi F Ferrara F 《Animal reproduction science》2005,86(1-2):27-36
The fertility of three bulls carrying different Robertsonian translocations (rob(1;29), rob(14;17) and rob(26;29)) was evaluated. Oocytes-cumulus complexes obtained from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries were matured and then fertilised in vitro with frozen/thawed seminal material from the above mentioned subjects, and from control bulls with normal karyotype. An assessment was first made of the concentration, vitality and acrosome integrity of the seminal material to be sure that possible differences in the results of the in vitro fertilisation experiments were not due to seminal material quality. The results of the experiments, evaluated by the percentage of cleaved embryos and blastocysts per cleaved embryo, indicated that the three bulls carrying Robertsonian translocations had similar fertilising power and semen qualitative parameters to the controls. These data suggest that neither gametogenesys impairment nor decreased spermatozoa fertilising capacity is responsible for the reduced fertility in bulls with Robertsonian translocations. What the data do confirm is that the observed in vivo hypofertility for karyologically abnormal bulls is mainly due to early embryonic mortality. 相似文献