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Mirzaii M Emaneini M Maleknejad P Jonaidi N Fooladi AA Aligholi M Jabalameli F Halimi S Taherikalani M Kasaeian A 《Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica》2012,59(1):1-11
There are documents that confirm the cycle of bacterial transmission between patients, staff, and the inanimate environment. The environment may have more effect on intensive care units (ICUs), because the patients who require intensive care have unstable clinical conditions and are more sensitive to infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacteria in air and inanimate surface in the ICUs and to compare the microbial levels to standard levels.Air and inanimate surface in the four ICUs of a teaching hospital underwent weekly surveillance by means of air sampler and swabs for a period of six-month. Total bacterial counts were evaluated onto trypticase soy agar and mannitol salt agar (MSA).A total of 725 samples [air (168) and inanimate surfaces (557)] were collected. The total mean ± SD CFU/m3 of airborne bacteria in all of the ICUs were 115.93 ± 48.04. The most common bacteria in air of the ICUs were Gram-positive cocci (84.2%). The total mean ± SD airborne of Staphylococcus aureus was 12.10±8.11 CFU/m3. The highest levels of S. aureus contamination were found in ventilators and bed ledges. More suitable disinfection of hospital environments and monthly rotation in utilization of the various disinfectant agents are needed for the prevention of airborne and inanimate transmission of S. aureus. 相似文献
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Shiri Levy Ofer Beharier Yoram Etzion Merav Mor Liat Buzaglo Lior Shaltiel Levi A. Gheber Joy Kahn Anthony J. Muslin Amos Katz Daniel Gitler Arie Moran 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2009,284(47):32434-32443
The L-type calcium channel (LTCC) has a variety of physiological roles that are critical for the proper function of many cell types and organs. Recently, a member of the zinc-regulating family of proteins, ZnT-1, was recognized as an endogenous inhibitor of the LTCC, but its mechanism of action has not been elucidated. In the present study, using two-electrode voltage clamp recordings in Xenopus oocytes, we demonstrate that ZnT-1-mediated inhibition of the LTCC critically depends on the presence of the LTCC regulatory β-subunit. Moreover, the ZnT-1-induced inhibition of the LTCC current is also abolished by excess levels of the β-subunit. An interaction between ZnT-1 and the β-subunit, as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and by fluorescence resonance energy transfer, is consistent with this result. Using surface biotinylation and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy in HEK293 cells, we show a ZnT-1-dependent decrease in the surface expression of the pore-forming α1-subunit of the LTCC. Similarly, a decrease in the surface expression of the α1-subunit is observed following up-regulation of the expression of endogenous ZnT-1 in rapidly paced cultured cardiomyocytes. We conclude that ZnT-1-mediated inhibition of the LTCC is mediated through a functional interaction of ZnT-1 with the LTCC β-subunit and that it involves a decrease in the trafficking of the LTCC α1-subunit to the surface membrane. 相似文献
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LaeA regulation of secondary metabolism modulates virulence in Penicillium expansum and is mediated by sucrose 下载免费PDF全文
Dilip Kumar Shiri Barad Yong Chen Xingyu Luo Joanna Tannous Amit Dubey Nofar Glam Matana Shiping Tian Boqiang Li Nancy Keller Dov Prusky 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2017,18(8):1150-1163
Penicillium expansum, the causal agent of blue mould rot, is a critical health concern because of the production of the mycotoxin patulin in colonized apple fruit tissue. Although patulin is produced by many Penicillium species, the factor(s) activating its biosynthesis are not clear. Sucrose, a key sugar component of apple fruit, was found to modulate patulin accumulation in a dose‐responsive pattern. An increase in sucrose culture amendment from 15 to 175 mm decreased both patulin accumulation and expression of the global regulator laeA by 175‐ and five‐fold, respectively, whilst increasing expression of the carbon catabolite repressor creA. LaeA was found to regulate several secondary metabolite genes, including the patulin gene cluster and concomitant patulin synthesis in vitro. Virulence studies of ΔlaeA mutants of two geographically distant P. expansum isolates (Pe‐21 from Israel and Pe‐T01 from China) showed differential reduction in disease severity in freshly harvested fruit, ranging from no reduction for Ch‐Pe‐T01 strains to 15%–25% reduction for both strains in mature fruit, with the ΔlaeA strains of Is‐Pe‐21 always showing a greater loss in virulence. The results suggest the importance of abiotic factors in LaeA regulation of patulin and other secondary metabolites that contribute to pathogenicity. 相似文献
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Mohammadreza Shiri 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2017,50(5-6):197-212
Reaction of 10 maize inbred lines against Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin accumulation were evaluated under field conditions with three replications in Pars Abad-e-Moghan, Iran. For artificial inoculation, the inbred lines were inoculated with spore suspension in concentration of 1 × 106 ml?1 7–10 days after emergence of silk, using nail punch method. To evaluate the development of the disease, its severity percent and grain yield (g plant?1) was determined two months after inoculation. Total fumonisin produced on maize grains were also evaluated by ELISA kits. The results showed inbred lines K19, K19/1 and K74/1 were susceptible and the rest of the inbred lines were moderately resistant to the diseases. Among moderately resistant inbred lines, A679 and K18 had lowest fumonisin accumulation. Average of the fumonisin accumulation under natural infection condition (control) was 3.37 mg kg?1 while it was 29 mg kg?1 under artificial infection condition, which was 760% more than control. 相似文献
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Maryam M. Binabaj Fereshteh Asgharzadeh Amir Avan Farzad Rahmani Atena Soleimani Mohammad R. Parizadeh Gordon A. Ferns Mikhail Ryzhikov Majid Khazaei Seyed M. Hassanian 《Journal of cellular physiology》2019,234(7):11654-11661
EW-7197 is a transforming growth factor-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. Here, we investigate the potential therapeutic effects of EW-7197 in a murine model of ulcerative colitis. EW-7197 attenuated the colitis disease activity index by improving rectal bleeding, body weight, and degree of stool consistency. EW-7197 also reduced colorectal tissue damage and the colon histopathological score by reducing crypt loss, mucosal damage, and tissue inflammation. Moreover, EW-7197 appeared to ameliorate the inflammatory and fibrotic responses by reducing oxidative stress, reducing submucosal edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, downregulating proinflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes, and inhibiting excessive collagen deposition in inflamed and fibrotic ulcerative colitis tissues. These results suggest that EW-7197 has potentially useful therapeutic properties against colitis, with clinically translational potential of inhibiting key pathological responses of inflammation and fibrosis in patients with colitis. 相似文献
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Benjamin Cogné Sophie Ehresmann Eliane Beauregard-Lacroix Justine Rousseau Thomas Besnard Thomas Garcia Slavé Petrovski Shiri Avni Kirsty McWalter Patrick R. Blackburn Stephan J. Sanders Kévin Uguen Jacqueline Harris Julie S. Cohen Moira Blyth Anna Lehman Jonathan Berg Mindy H. Li Philippe M. Campeau 《American journal of human genetics》2019,104(3):530-541