Circular RNA profiling reveals chi_circ_0008219 function as microRNA sponges in pre-ovulatory ovarian follicles of goats (Capra hircus)

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of non-coding RNAs in animals and are a novel target of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation. The mechanism and function of circRNAs have been reported in some species and tissues. However, there is little available information on the functions of circRNAs in the goat reproductive system. In the present study, we deeply sequenced and analyzed circRNAs through bioinformatics to reveal the expression profiles, and predicted 13,950 circRNAs in the pre-ovulatory ovarian follicles of goats for the first time. Thirty-seven circRNAs were differentially expressed in the Boer goat compared with the Macheng black goat. The chi_circ_0008219 was involved in a vast circRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network. Via a luciferase activity assay, chi_circ_0008219 is observed to sponge to 3 ovarian follicle-related miRNAs. These findings demonstrate that circRNAs have potential effects in the ovarian follicles of ewes and may represent a promising new research field in ovarian follicular development.     

Exploitation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus subtilis</Emphasis> as a robust workhorse for production of heterologous proteins and beyond

Bacillus subtilis, belonging to the type species of Bacillus, is a type of soil-derived, low %G+C, endospore-forming Gram-positive bacterium. After the discovery of B. subtilis 168 that displayed natural competence, this bacterium has been intensively considered to be an ideal model organism and a robust host to study several basic mechanisms, such as metabolism, gene regulation, bacterial differentiation, and application for industrial purposes, such as heterologous protein expression and the overproduction of an array of bioactive molecules. Since the first report of heterologous overproduction of recombinant proteins in this strain, the bulk production of a multitude of valuable enzymes, especially industrial enzymes, has been performed on a relatively large scale. Since B. subtilis can non-specifically secrete recombinant proteins using various signal peptides, it has tremendous advantages over Gram-negative bacterial hosts. Along with the report of the complete genome sequence of B. subtilis, a number of genetic tools, including diverse types of plasmids, bacterial promoters, regulatory elements, and signal peptides, have been developed and characterized. These novel genetic elements tremendously accelerated genetic engineering in B. subtilis recombinant systems. In addition, with the development of several complex gene expression systems, B. subtilis has performed a number of more complex functions. This ability enables it to be a substantial chassis in synthetic biology rather than just a workhorse for the overproduction of recombinant proteins. In this review, we review the progress in the development of B. subtilis as a universal platform to overproduce heterologous diverse high-value enzymes. This progress has occurred from the development of biological parts, including the characterization and utilization of native promoters, the fabrication of synthetic promoters and regulatory elements, and the assembly and optimization of genetic systems. Some important industrial enzymes that have been produced in large quantities in this host are also summarized in this review. Furthermore, the ability of B. subtilis to serve as a cellular tool was also briefly recapitulated and reviewed.     

Synthesis and evaluation of a novel ‘off-on’ chemical sensor based on rhodamine B and the 2,5-pyrrolidinedione moiety for selective discrimination of glutathione and its bioimaging in living cells

A new “turn-on” fluorescent probe, RDMBM, based on the rhodamine B dye and the 2,5-pyrrolidinedione moiety was synthesized and characterized. Its sensing behavior toward various amino acids was evaluated via UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The observed spectral changes showed that RDMBM displays high selectivity and sensitivity toward GSH in MeOH/H₂O (1:2, v/v, pH 7.40, Tris-HCl buffer, 1?mM) solution and that it undergoes 1:1 covalent binding with GSH. More importantly, the hydrogenation and ring-opening of the nitrogen atom in the spirane structure of rhodamine B derivatives were tightly bound to the induction effects of different groups. Furthermore, fluorescence imaging applications demonstrated that RDMBM can be successfully used for the detection of GSH in human breast cancer cells MCF-7.     

缺氧对冻伤兔足皮肤温度和肌糖元含量的影响

采用测定冻伤兔足皮肤温度和肌糖元含量的方法,间接观察在缺氧条件下兔足重度冻伤血液循环和肌肉能量代谢的改变。实验结果表明：平原冻伤组、急性缺氧冻伤组、缺氧两周冻伤组冻足皮肤温度和肌糖元含量均明显降低。经４０℃０．１％的洗必泰液多次温浸治疗冻伤兔足,平原冻伤组和急性缺氧冻伤组的治疗足皮肤温度和肌糖元含量均高于未治疗足,无明显差异,提示在此种条件下冻足的血液循环障碍可能更加严重。     

冻伤大鼠血浆中抗凝血酶Ⅲ含量与活性改变的研究

本文用免疫火箭电泳地和单赂免疫扩散法对不同程度冻伤大鼠在冻后不同时间的血浆中抗凝血酶Ⅲ（ＡＴⅢ）的含量与活性的改变进行了观察,实验表明,冻后各冻伤组织 大鼠血交中ＡＴ－Ⅲ的含量一活性呈不同程度的降低,其改变３程度与冻伤程度有密切关系,冻伤愈重,其含量与活性降低愈明显,恢复亦愈慢,结果提示,并举务引起血液抗凝机制减弱,促进或引起血凝机制亢进而导致血液凝固性增强,造成冻伤组织血液徨障碍最终发生组织坏死     

泡头菌属——一个罕见的国内新记录属

泡头菌属(新拟Physalacria)足担子菌中一个具有微小子实体的分类群。它的分类地位曾长期存在争论。目前Singer系统将其置于伞菌目(Agaricales)白蘑科(Tricholo-mataceae)。该属在我国为首次发现。本文研究了产自吉林省的该属一个种,其柄囊体系由于行菌丝中部细胞的侧壁突起发生。在前人的研究中尚未报道过,联系它的一些其它特征,定为一新种:侧壁泡头菌(P.lateriparies X.He et F.Z.Xue)。     

骨髓移植后的白血病患者环境微生物控制与感染关系研究

白血病患者骨髓移植后,易引起各类微生物感染而死亡。通过F_1鼠9Gy^(60)Co照射(最大致死量)骨髓移植后,行环境微生物控制,将其数据结合临床特点,设计的白血病患儿骨髓移植,环境微生物监控的层流病房。自1989～1993年12例患儿行骨髓移植无一例感染。     

不同光照条件下喜阴植物谢君魔芋对稳态和动态光源的响应特征

谢君魔芋(Amorphophallus xiei)是起源于云南西南地区热带雨林的典型喜阴植物,近年来得到了广泛种植和推广,在种植过程中,谢君魔芋需要采用遮荫栽培模式。为了揭示谢君魔芋对光照强度的适应策略,该研究探讨了生长在不同光照强度下(透光率为50%、29%、17%、7%)谢君魔芋叶片的光合作用特征、光合诱导特征、光合色素含量以及叶片氮素(N)含量和N分配。结果表明:随着生长环境光照强度的降低,单位叶面积和单位叶质量最大净光合速率、光合色素含量、最大羧化速率、最大电子传递速率及比叶面积均增大,而暗呼吸和光补偿点均减小。在光合诱导过程中,生长在透光率为17%光环境中的谢君魔芋完成50%光合诱导所需的时间最短,约为81.4 s;在光诱导进行10 min时,诱导状态最高,为87.3%。完成50%和90%光合诱导所需的时间与低光下初始气孔导度呈负相关关系。随着生长光照强度降低,叶片中的N分配到羧化组分和生物能转化组分中的比例先增大后减小,在透光率为17%的光环境下具有最大值;而叶片中的N分配到捕光色素组分中的比例随着生长环境光照强度降低而增加。该研究结果表明,喜阴植物谢君魔芋通过加强对低光和动态光源的利用能力及有效的N资源分配策略来适应低光照环境。     

葡萄NCED基因家族进化及表达分析

9-顺式-环氧类胡萝卜素双加氧酶(NCED)是植物体内ABA生物合成的关键限速酶, 参与植物对干旱、外源ABA和高盐的响应过程, 降低环境胁迫对植株的危害。基于全基因组鉴定分析葡萄(Vitis vinifera) NCED基因家族成员, 探讨各成员的物种进化关系及各个基因成员在不同组织中的时空表达模式及对干旱、ABA和高盐(NaCl)胁迫的响应, 为进一步揭示该基因家族成员的生物学功能奠定基础。在葡萄基因组中共发现12个NCED基因。其推测的编码蛋白质长度在510 (VvNCED2)-625 aa (VvNCED10)之间。VvNCED蛋白的分子量最大值是70.53 kDa (VvNCED10), 最小值是57.85 kDa (VvNCED2)。在从祖先基因分化之后, 葡萄NCED基因发生了5次复制事件, 同时有2次丢失事件。NCED1/2、NCED3/4、NCED6/7和NCED9/10基因对被认为是通过片段复制产生。上述4对复制基因复制时间分布在3.08-120.0百万年前, 晚于单双子叶植物分化的时间。与对照相比, VvNCED1在ABA处理48小时后显著上调(72.1%), 而VvNCED2显著下调(84.0%)。VvNCED6只在干旱处理14、21和28天的根系中表达量高于对照, 分别为对照的2.49、1.05和1.09倍。VvNCED7只在干旱处理14天的根系中表达量高于对照, 为对照的1.07倍。在ABA处理72小时后, VvNCED3表达量较对照显著下调(59.5%), 而VvNCED4较对照显著上调(169.9%)。VvNCED3/VvNCED4分别在NaCl处理24和48小时出现显著性峰值, 较对照分别上调219.2%和114.4%。保守结构域不同组成和不同胁迫处理下差异表达模式是NCED蛋白发生功能分化的基础。推测NCED在进化过程中发生的功能分化有利于复制事件的发生。     

催化示波极谱法测定农作物中的微量铅

1 前言 农作物中铅的含量在很大程度上反映出土壤和成土母岩中铅的水平。铅是一种有毒元素,人体摄入过量的铅,就会导致一系列的病变。因此,农作物中铅的测定对调查和评价环境中铅的污染,估算人畜食入铅的量,研究各类因铅中毒引起的疾病,做到对症下药具有十分重要的意义。本文根据前人的经验研