Beclin1-binding UVRAG targets the class C Vps complex to coordinate autophagosome maturation and endocytic trafficking

Autophagic and endocytic pathways are tightly regulated membrane rearrangement processes that are crucial for homeostasis, development and disease. Autophagic cargo is delivered from autophagosomes to lysosomes for degradation through a complex process that topologically resembles endosomal maturation. Here, we report that a Beclin1-binding autophagic tumour suppressor, UVRAG, interacts with the class C Vps complex, a key component of the endosomal fusion machinery. This interaction stimulates Rab7 GTPase activity and autophagosome fusion with late endosomes/lysosomes, thereby enhancing delivery and degradation of autophagic cargo. Furthermore, the UVRAG-class-C-Vps complex accelerates endosome-endosome fusion, resulting in rapid degradation of endocytic cargo. Remarkably, autophagosome/endosome maturation mediated by the UVRAG-class-C-Vps complex is genetically separable from UVRAG-Beclin1-mediated autophagosome formation. This result indicates that UVRAG functions as a multivalent trafficking effector that regulates not only two important steps of autophagy - autophagosome formation and maturation - but also endosomal fusion, which concomitantly promotes transport of autophagic and endocytic cargo to the degradative compartments.     

陆地棉新型核雄性不育系21A的初步研究

利用辐射诱变和回交育种成功培育出21A雄性不育系,经遗传分析和等位性测验发现,该不育性受1对隐性基因控制,它与国内发现的msc1、msc2、msc3、msc74个陆地棉隐性不育基因彼此是非等位基因;采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,用21A不育系作母本,5个常规棉品种作父本,配制杂交组合,对10个组合的F1产量和品质性状的竞争优势和配合力进行分析,结果表明,该不育系杂种优势明显,一般配合力高,易于筛选优良的杂交组合,在生产优质杂交种方面具有很大的利用价值。     

Synthesis and SAR of 2-arylbenzoxazoles, benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles as inhibitors of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase-beta

2-Arylbenzoxazoles, benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles were identified as new classes of potent, isoform specific inhibitors of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase-beta (LPAAT-beta). Effects of selected inhibitors on proliferation of tumor cells in vitro were investigated.     

峨眉髭蟾精子形态结构及分类学意义

应用透射电镜、扫描电镜和光学显微镜对峨眉髭蟾(Vibrissaphoraboringii)精子的形态和超微结构研究的结果表明:峨眉髭蟾的精子具角蟾科物种精子基本的形态和结构特征,即精子头部呈螺旋状,尾部呈弯曲状;精子具锥形的顶体、纤维束构成的穿孔器、平行排列的中心粒和双轴丝;线粒体位于尾部;精子核窝不明显、无轴纤维和波动膜等特征。此外,对已有报道的角蟾科和无尾类物种精子的特征进行分析比较表明:(1)角蟾科精子细胞核呈螺旋状,中心粒平行排列,尾部具双轴丝等结构不同于无尾类其他科精子的结构,具有明显的科间差别;(2)角蟾科精子各部的量度,尾部线粒体的分布和数量,以及轴丝的排列等特征在属间和种间表现出明显的差异;(3)峨眉髭蟾和东南亚拟髭蟾指名亚种精子的形态和超微结构存在明显的差异。     

A study of 7-deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine 2'-deoxycytidine base pairing in DNA

The incorporation of 7-deazaguanine modifications into DNA is frequently used to probe protein recognition of H-bonding information in the major groove of DNA. While it is generally assumed that 7-deazaguanine forms a normal Watson–Crick base pair with cytosine, detailed thermodynamic and structural analyses of this modification have not been reported. The replacement of the 7-N atom on guanine with a C–H, alters the electronic properties of the heterocycle and eliminates a major groove cation-binding site that could affect the organization of salts and water in the major groove. We report herein the characterization of synthetic DNA oligomers containing 7-deazaguanine using a variety of complementary approaches: UV thermal melting, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), circular dichroism (CD), chemical probing and NMR. The results indicate that the incorporation of a 7-deazaguanine modification has a significant effect on the dynamic structure of the DNA at the flanking residue. This appears to be mediated by changes in hydration and cation organization.     

Association of Plasma IL-6 and Hsp70 with HRV at Different Levels of PAHs Metabolites

Background

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases, but the mechanism is not well understood.

Objectives

We hypothesized that PAHs might induce systemic inflammation and stress response, contributing to altered cardiac autonomic function.

Methods

HRV indices were measured using a 3-channel digital Holter monitor in 800 coke oven workers. Plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were determined using ELISA. Twelve urinary PAHs metabolites (OH-PAHs) were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results

We found that significant dose-dependent relationships between four urinary OH-PAHs and IL-6 (all P _trend<0.05); and an increase in quartiles of IL-6 was significantly associated with a decrease in total power (TP) and low frequency (LF) (P _trend = 0.014 and 0.006, respectively). In particular, elevated IL-6 was associated in a dose-dependent manner with decreased TP and LF in the high-PAHs metabolites groups (all P _trend<0.05), but not in the low-PAHs metabolites groups. No significant association between Hsp70 and HRV in total population was found after multivariate adjustment. However, increased Hsp70 was significantly associated with elevated standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), TP and LF in the low-PAHs metabolites groups (all P _trend<0.05). We also observed that both IL-6 and Hsp70 significantly interacted with multiple PAHs metabolites in relation to HRV.

Conclusions

In coke oven workers, increased IL-6 was associated with a dose-response decreased HRV in the high-PAHs metabolites groups, whereas increase of Hsp70 can result in significant dose-related increase in HRV in the low-PAHs metabolites groups.     

花弄蝶亚科——中国新纪录属和新纪录种(鳞翅目,弄蝶科)(英文)

记述花弄蝶亚科Pyrginac一中国新纪录属、种,即卡弄蝶属Carcharodus、花卡弄蝶C.flocciferus(Zeller,1847),提供了成虫外形照片及雄性外生殖器图,并作了描述.     

包埋法固定化对硫氧化微生物菌群结构和功能的影响

【目的】为探讨包埋法固定化过程对硫氧化菌群硫化物去除能力及菌群微生物群落结构的影响,【方法】以聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠-活性炭为载体,对硫氧化菌群进行了固定化,并采用富含硫化物的无机盐培养基,对比固定化与非固定化硫氧化菌群对硫化物的氧化去除能力。同时,利用PCR-DGGE技术,探讨硫氧化菌群在固定化前后以及在硫化物氧化去除过程中微生物群落结构变化。【结果】在对硫氧化菌群进行固定化之后,12 h之内对硫化物的最大去除能力从1000 mg/L下降为600 mg/L。硫氧化菌群的微生物群落结构发生了明显变化,但菌群中的硫氧化菌Catenococcus thiocycli未受影响,硫氧化菌Thioclava pacifica在菌群中的地位反而得到了强化。【结论】受制于底物在载体材料中的扩散迁移效率,硫氧化菌群对硫化物的氧化去除能力在固定化之后有所下降。由于不同微生物对固定化形成的微环境的适应能力以及对载体附着能力的不同,固定化对硫氧化菌群的微生物群落结构产生较大影响。     

Pyrethroids as Promising Marine Antifoulants: Laboratory and Field Studies

Due to the regulations and bans regarding the use of traditional toxic chemicals against marine fouling organisms and the practical impediments to the commercialization of natural product antifoulants, there is an urgent need for compounds that are antifouling-active, environmentally friendly, and have a potential for commercial application. In this study, a series of common, commercially available pyrethroid products, which are generally used as environmentally safe insecticides, was evaluated for antifouling activity in the laboratory using an anti-settlement test with cyprids of the barnacle Balanus albicostatus and also in a field experiment. Laboratory assay showed that all eleven pyrethroids (namely, rich d-trans-allethrin, Es-biothrin, rich d-prallethrin, S-prallethrin, tetramethrin, rich d-tetramethrin, phenothrin, cyphenothrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, and high active cypermethrin) were able to inhibit barnacle settlement (EC₅₀ range of 0.0316 to 87.00 μg/ml) without significant toxicity. Analysis of structure–activity relationships suggested that the cyano group at the α-carbon position had a significant influence on the expression of antifouling activity in pyrethroids. In the field, the antifouling activity of pyrethroids was further confirmed, with the most potent pyrethroids being cypermethrin and high active cypermethrin, which displayed efficiency comparable with that of tributyltin. In summary, our investigation indicated that these pyrethroids have a great and practical commercial potential as antifouling agents.     

细叶益母草(Leonurus sibiricus)叶表面腺毛多样性及发育形态学研究

本文研究了分布在细叶益母草（Ｌｅｏｎｕｒｕｓｓｉｂｉｒｉｃｕｓ） 叶表面三种腺毛的发育过程,在此基础上,对２细胞头状腺毛、４细胞头状腺毛和８细胞盾状腺毛的多样性特征进行了讨论