细胞色素P450酶系循环催化的新途径

细胞色素P45 0酶系的循环催化反应需要电子供体NADPH或NADH等辅助因子系统 ,因此它在实际应用中受到制约。用电极电解或锌粉作电子供体取代NADPH辅助因子可以获得与NADPH相似的底物转换率。此外 ,还讨论了P45 0的“定向进化”产生的突变体在无NADPH等辅助因子存在下 ,通过“过氧化物途径”使底物羟基化。     

华南植物的增补

报道华南地区3种植物：山柚子科的茎花山袖（Champereiamanillanavar．longistamined）是新组合的变种,其花序和嫩叶可供蔬食;大朝科的美洲珠子草（Phyllanthusamarus）是具有药用价值的归化种;台湾核果木（Drypetesformosana）生长于珠江口东侧的海岛,为广东新纪录种。     

DNA repair capacity, DNA-strand break repair gene polymorphisms, and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in southwestern Guangxi of China

The associations between DNA repair capacity (DRC), DNA repair gene polymorphisms, and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been determined in high-risk areas. The aims of this study were to investigate whether DRC is related to the incidence of HCC and to determine whether polymorphisms in the DNA repair genes that regulate DRC are associated with the risk of HCC. First, a small case-control study was conducted to examine the association between DRC and the incidence of HCC and the environmental and genetic factors regulating DRC. Then, a large case-control study was conducted to determine whether those DNA repair gene polymorphisms shown to regulate DRC were related to the risk of HCC. The median DRC was significantly lower among the cases (0.80) than the controls (0.93). A multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the HBsAg status (p<0.01), ethnicity (p=0.01), and polymorphisms in the XRCC3-241 (p=0.01) and APE1-148 (p=0.03) gene loci may be impact factors for DRC. In the large case-control study, a stratified analysis showed that individuals with the APE1-148-combined genotype GT+TT likely had a significantly higher HCC risk compared with those with only the GG genotype (crude odds ratio=1.93, 95% confidence interval=1.17-3.17) among the Zhuang ethnicity. However, nonsignificant differences were observed between XRCC3-241 polymorphisms and the HCC risk. DRC may be related to the incidence of HCC as determined by environmental and genetic factors found in southwestern part of the Guangxi Province. Gene-environment interactions play an important role in the incidence and progression of HCC.     

中国野生百合叶表皮特征及系统学意义

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对20个野生百合种或变种的叶表皮进行了系统观察和比较分析,结果表明:(1)20种野生百合气孔器均分布于叶片远轴面,气孔器的长轴与远轴面细胞长轴方向一致,均位于远轴面细胞的端点处。气孔器形状从长椭圆形到近圆形不等;保卫细胞均为肾形,无副卫细胞,保卫细胞表面角质层均具条纹;表皮细胞角质层近于光滑或具条纹,均具蜡质,蜡质纹饰呈膜片状晶体或颗粒状;气孔密度、气孔器大小、近轴面远轴面细胞、垂周壁样式差异较大。(2)聚类分析表明,兰州百合、川百合、卷丹百合、紫斑百合、乳头百合、宝兴百合、山丹百合、大理百合、绿花百合、毛百合和有斑百合聚为类群Ⅰ;淡黄花百合、岷江百合和玫红百合3个野生种聚为类群Ⅱ;青岛百合单独为类群Ⅲ;宜昌百合、紫脊百合、通江百合、百合和野百合聚为类群Ⅳ,聚类结果总体上支持形态学分类的结果。(3)叶表皮形态对于区分野生百合不同种具有重要的分类学价值。     

Negative Affect Mediates Effects of Psychological Stress on Disordered Eating in Young Chinese Women

Background

The bi-relationships between psychological stress, negative affect and disordered eating has been well studied in western culture, while tri-relationship among them, i.e. how some of those factors influence these bi-relationships, has rarely been studied. However, there has been little related study in the different Chinese culture. This study was conducted to investigate the bi-relationships and tri-relationship between psychological stress, negative affect, and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in young Chinese women.

Methodology

A total of 245 young Chinese policewomen employed to carry out health and safety checks at the 2010 Shanghai World Expo were recruited in this study. The Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Beck Depression Inventory Revised (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) were administered to all participants.

Principal Findings

The total scores of PSS-10, BDI-II and BAI were all highly correlated with that of EAT-26. The PSS-10 score significantly correlated with both BDI-II and BAI scores. There was no statistically significant direct effect from perceived stress to disordered eating (–0.012, 95%CI: –.038∼0.006, p = 0.357), however, the indirect effects from PSS-10 via affect factors were statistically significant, e.g. the estimated mediation effects from PSS to EAT-26 via depression and anxiety were 0.036 (95%CI: 0.022∼0.044, p<0.001) and 0.015 (95%CI: 0.005∼0.023, p<0.01), respectively.

Conclusions

Perceived stress and negative affects of depression and anxiety were demonstrated to be strongly associated with disordered eating. Negative affect mediated the relationship between perceived stress and disordered eating. The findings suggest that effective interventions and preventative programmes for disordered eating should pay more attention to depression and anxiety among the young Chinese female population.     

Design, synthesis of symmetrical bivalent mimetics of annonaceous acetogenins and their cytotoxicities

A new series of linear dimeric compounds mimicking naturally occurring annonaceous acetogenins have been synthesized by bivalent analogue design, and their cytotoxicities have been evaluated against the growth of cancer cells by MTT method. Most of these compounds show selective action favored to human cancer cell lines over normal cell lines, and compound 9 with bis-terminal benzoquinone functionality exhibits an IC₅₀ = 0.40 μM against MCF7 cell lines. This work mentions that appropriate conformational constraints might be a useful optimizing tool for this unique class of anticancer compounds.     

Dinocrocuta gigantea头骨的发现

本文记述了甘肃和政县晚中新世地层中发现的一个完整的巨鬣狗头骨;讨论了它的分类地位,修正了 Schlosser 1903年建种时的一些鉴定错误.巨鬣狗是鬣狗科中一个十分特化的成员,应代表一个独立的属.根据命名规则,我们采用 N. schmidt-Kittler 1976年所创的 Dinocrocuta. 因此,这个种应订正为 Dinocrocuta gigantea (schlosser, 1903).     

臭参中挥发性臭味的化学成分

臭参(Codonopsis sp.)俗称臭药、云南参、臭党参等,系桔梗科党参属云南特有植物种,种名待分类学家鉴定。其根具有特殊臭味,民间作为廉价滋补佳品,和肉、蛋一起煮食,具有补中益气,生津之功效。同属许多植物如党参(C.pilosula Nannf)、川党参(C.tangshan Oliv.)等的根,均为著名中药,但都没有臭参那种臭味。该植物的化学成分未见报道。为了解臭参植物的药用价值以及同党参、川党参等的相互关系,我们首先对臭参的挥发性臭味化学成分作了气相色谱-质谱法分析,现将结果简要报告如下。     

Inhibition of miR-21-5p suppresses high glucose-induced proliferation and angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells by the regulation of AKT and ERK pathways via maspin

The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of miR-21-5p in angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). HRMECs were incubated with 5 mM glucose, 30 mM glucose or 30 mM mannitol for 24 h, 48 h or 72 h. Then, HRMECs exposed to 30 mM glucose were transfected with miR-21-5p inhibitor. We found that high glucose increased the expression of miR-21-5p, VEGF, VEGFR2 and cell proliferation activity. Inhibition of miR-21-5p reduced high glucose-induced proliferation, migration, tube formation of HRMECs, and reversed the decreased expression of maspin as well as the abnormal activation of PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways. Down-regulation of maspin by siRNA significantly increased the activities of PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways. In conclusion, inhibition of miR-21-5p could suppress high glucose-induced proliferation and angiogenesis of HRMECs, and these effects may partly dependent on the regulation of PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways via its target protein maspin.