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111.
Siddappa N. Byrareddy Dawn Little Ann E. Mayne Francois Villinger Aftab A. Ansari 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
Lectin-like molecules and their receptors are cell surface molecules that have been shown to play a role in either facilitating infection or serving as transporters of HIV/SIV in vivo. The role of these lectin-like molecules in the pathogenesis of HIV/SIV infection continues to be defined. In efforts to gain further insight on the potential role of these lectin-like molecules, our laboratory generated monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against the human analogs of rhesus macaque CD200, CD200R and Mincle, since the rhesus macaques are accepted as the most reliable animal model to study human HIV infection. The characterization of the cell lineages from the blood and various tissues of rhesus macaques that express these lectin-like molecules are described herein. Among the mononuclear cells, the cells of the myeloid lineage of rhesus macaques are the predominant cell lineages that express readily detectable levels of CD200, CD200R and Mincle that is similar to the expression of Siglec-1 and Siglec-3 reported by our laboratory earlier. Subset analysis revealed that a higher frequency of the CD14+/CD16- subset from normal rhesus macaques express CD200, CD200R and Mincle. Differences in the frequencies and density of expression of these molecules by the gated population of CD14+ cells from various tissues are noted with PBMC and bone marrow expressing the highest and the mononuclear cells isolated from the colon and ileum expressing the lowest levels. While a significant frequency of pDCs and mDCs express Siglec-1/Siglec-3, a much lower frequency expresses CD200, CD200R and Mincle in PBMCs from rhesus macaques. The mAb against CD200 and CD200R but not Mincle appear to inhibit the infection of macrophage tropic SIV/SHIV in vitro. We conclude that these mAbs may have potential to be used as adjunctive therapeutic agents to control/inhibit SIV/HIV infection. 相似文献
112.
Masa-aki Higuchi Dan D. Topiol Bilal Ahmed Hokuto Morita Samuel Carbunaru Christopher W. Hess Dawn Bowers Herbert E. Ward Lisa R. Warren Meredith M. DeFranco Michelle S. Troche Shankar J. Kulkarni Erin Hastings Kelly D. Foote Michael S. Okun Daniel Martinez-Ramirez 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
Objective
To investigate the relationship of our interdisciplinary screening process on post-operative unintended hospitalizations and quality of life.Background
There are currently no standardized criteria for selection of appropriate Deep Brain Stimulation candidates and little hard data exists to support the use of any singular method.Methods
An Essential Tremor cohort was selected from our institutional Deep Brain Stimulation database. The interdisciplinary model utilized seven specialties who pre-operatively screened all potential Deep Brain Stimulation candidates. Concerns for surgery raised by each specialty were documented and classified as none, minor, or major. Charts were reviewed to identify unintended hospitalizations and quality of life measurements at 1 year post-surgery.Results
Eighty-six percent (44/51) of the potential screened candidates were approved for Deep Brain Stimulation. Eight (18%) patients had an unintended hospitalization during the follow-up period. Patients with minor or major concerns raised by any specialty service had significantly more unintended hospitalizations when compared to patients without concerns (75% vs. 25%, p < 0.005). The rate of hospitalization revealed a direct relationship to the “level of concern”; ranging from 100% if major concerns, 42% if minor concerns, and 7% if no concerns raised, p = 0.001. Quality of life scores significantly worsened in patients with unintended hospitalizations at 6 (p = 0.046) and 12 months (p = 0.027) when compared to baseline scores. No significant differences in tremor scores between unintended and non-unintended hospitalizations were observed.Conclusions
The number and level of concerns raised during interdisciplinary Deep Brain Stimulation screenings were significantly related to unintended hospitalizations and to a reduced quality of life. The interdisciplinary evaluation may help to stratify risk for these complications. However, data should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of our study. Further prospective comparative and larger studies are required to confirm our results. 相似文献113.
Deidre A. Winnier Marcel Fourcaudot Luke Norton Muhammad A. Abdul-Ghani Shirley L. Hu Vidya S. Farook Dawn K. Coletta Satish Kumar Sobha Puppala Geetha Chittoor Thomas D. Dyer Rector Arya Melanie Carless Donna M. Lehman Joanne E. Curran Douglas T. Cromack Devjit Tripathy John Blangero Ravindranath Duggirala Harald H. H. G?ring Ralph A. DeFronzo Christopher P. Jenkinson 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease that is more prevalent in ethnic groups such as Mexican Americans, and is strongly associated with the risk factors obesity and insulin resistance. The goal of this study was to perform whole genome gene expression profiling in adipose tissue to detect common patterns of gene regulation associated with obesity and insulin resistance. We used phenotypic and genotypic data from 308 Mexican American participants from the Veterans Administration Genetic Epidemiology Study (VAGES). Basal fasting RNA was extracted from adipose tissue biopsies from a subset of 75 unrelated individuals, and gene expression data generated on the Illumina BeadArray platform. The number of gene probes with significant expression above baseline was approximately 31,000. We performed multiple regression analysis of all probes with 15 metabolic traits. Adipose tissue had 3,012 genes significantly associated with the traits of interest (false discovery rate, FDR ≤ 0.05). The significance of gene expression changes was used to select 52 genes with significant (FDR ≤ 10-4) gene expression changes across multiple traits. Gene sets/Pathways analysis identified one gene, alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) that was significantly enriched (P < 10-60) as a prime candidate for involvement in multiple relevant metabolic pathways. Illumina BeadChip derived ADH1B expression data was consistent with quantitative real time PCR data. We observed significant inverse correlations with waist circumference (2.8 x 10-9), BMI (5.4 x 10-6), and fasting plasma insulin (P < 0.001). These findings are consistent with a central role for ADH1B in obesity and insulin resistance and provide evidence for a novel genetic regulatory mechanism for human metabolic diseases related to these traits. 相似文献
114.
115.
The metabolic syndrome is characterized by a state of metabolic dysfunction resulting in the development of several chronic diseases that are potentially deadly. These metabolic deregulations are complex and intertwined and it has been observed that many of the mechanisms and pathways responsible for diseases characterizing the metabolic syndrome such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are linked with cancer development as well. Identification of molecular pathways common to these diverse diseases may prove to be a critical factor in disease prevention and development of potential targets for therapeutic treatments. This review focuses on several molecular pathways, including AMPK, PPARs and FASN that interconnect cancer development, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. AMPK, PPARs and FASN are crucial regulators involved in the maintenance of key metabolic processes necessary for proper homeostasis. It is critical to recognize and identify common pathways deregulated in interrelated diseases as it may provide further information and a much more global picture in regards to disease development and prevention. Thus, this review focuses on three key metabolic regulators, AMPK, PPARs and FASN, that may potentially serve as therapeutic targets. 相似文献
116.
Jong Won Kim Bei Nie Heather Sahm Dawn P.G. Brown Tony Tegeler Jin-Sam You Mu Wang 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2010,878(7-8):700-704
Protein quantification in a complex protein mixture presents a daunting task in biochemical analysis. Antibody-based immunoassays are traditional methods for protein quantification. However, there are issues associated with accuracy and specificity in these assays, especially when the changes are small (e.g., <2-fold). With recent developments in mass spectrometry, monitoring a selected peptide, thus protein, in a complex biological sample has become possible. In this study, we demonstrate a simple mass spectrometry-based method for selective measurement of a moderately low abundant protein, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), in cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells. Selected-reaction-monitoring (SRM) technology was employed to specifically analyze the target peptides in a pair of human ovarian cancer cell lines: 2008/2008-C13*5.25 (cisplatin-sensitive/cisplatin-resistant, respectively). The observed 1.47-fold higher expression in the resistant cell line is consistent with findings by other approaches. This robust liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method provides a powerful tool for targeted proteomic verification and/or validation studies. 相似文献
117.
Loganathan Ponnusamy Dawn M. Wesson Consuelo Arellano Coby Schal Charles S. Apperson 《Microbial ecology》2010,59(1):158-173
In the container habitats of immature mosquitoes, catabolism of plant matter and other organic detritus by microbial organisms
produces metabolites that mediate the oviposition behavior of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Public health agencies commonly use oviposition traps containing plant infusions for monitoring populations of these mosquito
species, which are global vectors of dengue viruses. In laboratory experiments, gravid females exhibited significantly diminished
responses to experimental infusions made with sterilized white oak leaves, showing that attractive odorants were produced
through microbial metabolic activity. We evaluated effects of infusion concentration and fermentation time on attraction of
gravid females to infusions made from senescent bamboo or white oak leaves. We used plate counts of heterotrophic bacteria,
total counts of 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained bacterial cells, and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) polymerase chain reaction–denaturing
gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to show that changes in the relative abundance of bacteria and the species composition
of bacterial communities influenced attraction of gravid A. aegypti and A. albopictus mosquitoes to infusions. DGGE profiles showed that bacterial species composition in infusions changed over time. Principal
components analysis indicated that oviposition responses to plant infusions were in general most affected by bacterial diversity
and abundance. Analysis of bacterial 16S rDNA sequences derived from DGGE bands revealed that Proteobacteria (Alpha-, Beta-,
Delta-, and Gamma-) were the predominant bacteria detected in both types of plant infusions. Gravid A. aegypti were significantly attracted to a mix of 14 bacterial species cultured from bamboo leaf infusion. The oviposition response
of gravid mosquitoes to plant infusions is strongly influenced by abundance and diversity of bacterial species, which in turn
is affected by plant species, leaf biomass, and fermentation time. 相似文献
118.
Leana Doherty Adrianna Vlachos Valerie Choesmel Marie-Françoise O'Donohue Catherine Clinton Colin A. Sieff Peter E. Newburger Edyta Niewiadomska Bertil Glader Jason E. Farrar Jeffrey M. Lipton Pierre-Emmanuel Gleizes Hanna T. Gazda 《American journal of human genetics》2010,86(2):222-6951
Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by anemia that usually presents before the first birthday or in early childhood, is associated with birth defects and an increased risk of cancer. Although anemia is the most prominent feature of DBA, the disease is also characterized by growth retardation and congenital malformations, in particular craniofacial, upper limb, heart, and urinary system defects that are present in ∼30%–50% of patients. DBA has been associated with mutations in seven ribosomal protein (RP) genes, RPS19, RPS24, RPS17, RPL35A, RPL5, RPL11, and RPS7, in about 43% of patients. To continue our large-scale screen of RP genes in a DBA population, we sequenced 35 ribosomal protein genes, RPL15, RPL24, RPL29, RPL32, RPL34, RPL9, RPL37, RPS14, RPS23, RPL10A, RPS10, RPS12, RPS18, RPL30, RPS20, RPL12, RPL7A, RPS6, RPL27A, RPLP2, RPS25, RPS3, RPL41, RPL6, RPLP0, RPS26, RPL21, RPL36AL, RPS29, RPL4, RPLP1, RPL13, RPS15A, RPS2, and RPL38, in our DBA patient cohort of 117 probands. We identified three distinct mutations of RPS10 in five probands and nine distinct mutations of RPS26 in 12 probands. Pre-rRNA analysis in lymphoblastoid cells from patients bearing mutations in RPS10 and RPS26 showed elevated levels of 18S-E pre-rRNA. This accumulation is consistent with the phenotype observed in HeLa cells after knockdown of RPS10 or RPS26 expression with siRNAs, which indicates that mutations in the RPS10 and RPS26 genes in DBA patients affect the function of the proteins in rRNA processing. 相似文献
119.
Dawn R. D. Bignell José C. Huguet-Tapia Madhumita V. Joshi Gregg S. Pettis Rosemary Loria 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2010,98(2):179-194
Plant pathogenicity is rare in the genus Streptomyces, with only a dozen or so species possessing this trait out of the more than 900 species described. Nevertheless, such species
have had a significant impact on agricultural economies throughout the world due to their ability to cause important crop
diseases such as potato common scab, which is characterized by lesions that form on the potato tuber surface. All pathogenic
species that cause common scab produce a family of phytotoxins called the thaxtomins, which function as cellulose synthesis
inhibitors. In addition, the nec1 and tomA genes are conserved in several pathogenic streptomycetes, the former of which is predicted to function in the suppression
of plant defense responses. Streptomyces scabies is the oldest plant pathogen described and has a world-wide distribution, whereas species such as S. turgidiscabies and S. acidiscabies are believed to be newly emergent pathogens found in more limited geographical locations. The genome sequence of S. scabies 87-22 was recently completed, and comparative genomic analyses with other sequenced microbial pathogens have revealed the
presence of additional genes that may play a role in plant pathogenicity, an idea that is supported by functional analysis
of one such putative virulence locus. In addition, the availability of multiple genome sequences for both pathogenic and nonpathogenic
streptomycetes has provided an opportunity for comparative genomic analyses to identify the Streptomyces pathogenome. Such genomic analyses will contribute to the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms and evolution of plant
pathogenicity and plant-microbe biology within this genus. 相似文献
120.