miR-378c suppresses Wilms tumor development via negatively regulating CAMKK2

Wilms tumor is a rare kidney malignancy primarily developed in children.Treatment for Wilms tumor includes surgery,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy.Recent studies ...     

Smooth muscle-specific expression of calcium-independent phospholipase A2β (iPLA2β) participates in the initiation and early progression of vascular inflammation and neointima formation

Whether group VIA phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)β) is involved in vascular inflammation and neointima formation is largely unknown. Here, we report that iPLA(2)β expression increases in the vascular tunica media upon carotid artery ligation and that neointima formation is suppressed by genetic deletion of iPLA(2)β or by inhibiting its activity or expression via perivascular delivery of bromoenol lactone or of antisense oligonucleotides, respectively. To investigate whether smooth muscle-specific iPLA(2)β is involved in neointima formation, we generated transgenic mice in which iPLA(2)β is expressed specifically in smooth muscle cells and demonstrate that smooth muscle-specific expression of iPLA(2)β exacerbates ligation-induced neointima formation and enhanced both production of proinflammatory cytokines and vascular infiltration by macrophages. With cultured vascular smooth muscle cell, angiotensin II, arachidonic acid, and TNF-α markedly induce increased expression of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNAs, all of which were suppressed by inhibiting iPLA(2)β activity or expression with bromoenol lactone, antisense oligonucleotides, and genetic deletion, respectively. Similar suppression also results from genetic deletion of 12/15-lipoxygenase or inhibiting its activity with nordihydroguaiaretic acid or luteolin. Expression of iPLA(2)β protein in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells was found to depend on the phenotypic state and to rise upon incubation with TNF-α. Our studies thus illustrate that smooth muscle cell-specific iPLA(2)β participates in the initiation and early progression of vascular inflammation and neointima formation and suggest that iPLA(2)β may represent a novel therapeutic target for preventing cardiovascular diseases.     

Capsular polysaccharides facilitate enhanced iron acquisition by the colonial cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. isolated from a freshwater lake

Microcystis sp., especially in its colonial form, is a common dominant species during cyanobacterial blooms in many iron‐deficient water bodies. It is still not entirely clear, however, how the colonial forms of Microcystis acclimate to iron‐deficient habitats, and the responses of unicellular and colonial forms to iron‐replete and iron‐deficient conditions were examined here. Growth rates and levels of photosynthetic pigments declined to a greater extent in cultures of unicellular Microcystis than in cultures of the colonial form in response to decreasing iron concentrations, resulting in the impaired photosynthetic performance of unicellular Microcystis as compared to colonial forms as measured by variable fluorescence and photosynthetic oxygen evolution. These results indicate that the light‐harvesting ability and photosynthetic capacity of colonial Microcystis was less affected by iron deficiency than the unicellular form. The carotenoid contents and nonphotochemical quenching of colonial Microcystis were less reduced than those of the unicellular form under decreasing iron concentrations, indicating that the colonial morphology enhanced photoprotection and acclimation to iron‐deficient conditions. Furthermore, large amounts of iron were detected in the capsular polysaccharides (CPS) of the colonies, and more iron was found to be attached to the colonial Microcystis CPS under decreasing iron conditions as compared to unicellular cultures. These results demonstrated that colonial Microcystis can acclimate to iron deficiencies better than the unicellular form, and that CPS plays an important role in their acclimation advantage in iron‐deficient waters.     

DLGAP1-AS2 promotes human colorectal cancer progression through trans-activation of Myc

Mammalian Genome - Substantial evidence suggests that non-coding RNA plays a vital role in human cancer, especially long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with a length greater than 200nt. Herein, we found a...     

The impacts of warming and nitrogen addition on competitive ability of native and invasive populations of Plantago virginica

全球变化因子(如增温和氮沉降)可能会影响生物入侵,但是这些因子如何影响入侵物种的表现并进一步调节入侵物种与本地竞争者之间的相互作用仍不清楚。本文通过为期五个月的温室实验,研究了增温(开顶式增温箱,+0.62°C)和氮添加(4.2 g N m⁻²)对入侵物种北美 车前(Plantago virginica)原产地和入侵地种群与本地车前草(Plantago asiatica)竞争的影响。实验结果表明,在增温及其与氮添加处理(W × N) 的相互作用下,P. virginica的入侵种群(PV-In)和原产地种群(PV-Na)在与本地竞争者P. asiatica竞争时具有不同的生物量分配策略。其中,PV-Na在与P. asiatica竞争时增加了地下生物量,而PV-In增加了地上生物量。我们还发现,P. virginica对增温和氮添加比P. asiatica的反应更强 烈。增温显著降低了P. virginica的竞争能力,这表明P. virginica比P. asiatica对增温的响应更为敏感。同样,在竞争条件下,氮添加及 其和增温交互作用减少了PV-In地下生物量,但增加了PV-Na地上和总生物量。这些发现表明,P. virginica在入侵过程中改变了生物量分配 策略,PV-In展示出更具弹性的竞争能力以适应环境变化(特别是增温)。这些发现可能有助于我们预测气候变化下的植物入侵并制定相应的 管理策略。     

Effects of sand burial depth on the root system of Salix cheilophila seedlings in Mu Us Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia, China

Salix cheilophila Schneid. is a naturally occurring Salix species in Mu Us Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia, China. We focused on the morphological adaptability of S. cheilophila to sand dune burial. For morphological measurements, 32 S. cheilophila seedlings were removed from a community which was in the process of being buried by a shifting sand dune. Each seedling collected included the entire root system. We measured the number, length, and biomass of the adventitious roots, primary lateral roots, and taproot, and compared the morphological characteristics of the root system, including adventitious roots, for seedlings buried to various levels in the sand. The growth range of adventitious roots increased as the length of the buried portion of the main shoot increased. In addition, the total dry weight of all current-year shoots tended to increase gradually with increasing total dry weight of the adventitious roots. These results suggest that S. cheilophila tends to make use of the sedimentary sand layer that accompanies shifting sand dunes. However, there was no correlation between biomass or number of adventitious roots and the length of the buried part of the main shoot. Thus, S. cheilophila does not grow adventitious roots proportional to the buried part. These morphological characteristics of the root system, including the adventitious roots, may indicate that S. cheilophila has poor morphological adaptability to sand dune burial.     

抗花叶病烟草种质资源的鉴定与筛选

本研究以不同来源、不同类型的46个烟草品种为试验材料,进行抗烟草普通花叶病（TMV）特性的田间鉴定和分子鉴定,为筛选抗病烟草种质奠定基础。结果表明,22个品种的烟草抗TMV特性田间鉴定结果与前人鉴定结果基本相同,从24个前人未鉴定的烟草品种中初步筛选出14个中抗品种,8个中感品种和2个感病品种;通过抗TMV基因（CN）的特异引物进行扩增,36个烟草品种的基因组DNA具有特异性片段;通过分子鉴定和田间鉴定的结果比较,62.9%的具有CN或其同源基因的烟草品种田间鉴定表现为中抗或高抗,83.3%的具有CN或其同源基因的选育烟草品种田间鉴定表现为中抗或高抗;结合两种方法,初步确定了3个中感品种和11个中抗品种。     

大鼠骨骼肌损伤后中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和肌成纤维细胞数量分析研究

目的 研究大鼠骨骼肌损伤后中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和肌成纤维细胞数量的变化情况,为今后骨骼肌损伤修复的病理学机制研究打下坚实的基础.方法 建立大鼠骨骼肌机械性损伤动物模型,随机分为伤后6h、12h、1d、3d、7d、10d、14d及正常对照组.应用免疫组织荧光染色和免疫组织化学染色,检测大鼠骨骼肌损伤后不同时间点中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和肌成纤维细胞的数量.结果 伤后6h-12h,损伤区可见中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞浸润,中性粒细胞数量达到高峰.伤后1d,损伤区巨噬细胞数量急剧增加,迅速达到高峰,而中性粒细胞数量开始下降.伤后3d,中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞数量都显著下降.伤后7d,肌成纤维细胞开始出现.到伤后10d-14d,损伤区主要以肌成纤维细胞为主,偶见巨噬细胞.结论 大鼠骨骼肌损伤区中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和肌成纤维细胞数量呈时间规律性变化,以期为骨骼肌损伤修复的病理学机制研究提供参考资料.     

银杏光合与蒸腾特性的研究

通过测定银杏净光合速率、蒸腾速度、气孔阻力等生理指标和观测银杏叶片形态、解剖特征,结果表明：１．银杏光补偿点为７６μｍｏｌ．ｍ＾－１．ｓ＾－１,光饱和点为１０４０μｍｏｌ．ｍ＾－２．ｓ＾－１。超过光饱和点后,随光照强度增加光合强度反而下降。２．银杏光合最佳温度为２６℃。３．净光 速率的日变化呈“午休”型的双峰曲线变化,最高峰出现在１０：００Ａ．Ｍ．前后,次峰出现在６：００Ｐ．Ｍ．前后。４．蒸腾速度     

Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for the selective determination of valnemulin in feeds with high performance liquid chromatography

A simple, sensitive and reproducible high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for determining valnemulin in feeds. Feed samples were extracted with ethyl acetate under alkaline condition, cleaned up by molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction, and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The characteristics of the synthesized polymer were evaluated and the loading capacity of the polymer was about 1000 μg analyte/g imprinted polymer. The new procedure for the feed sample cleanup using the prepared polymer cartridge gave higher recoveries and fewer matrix interferences. The assay exhibited a linear dynamic range of 5.0-200 mg kg(-1) with the correlation coefficient above 0.9993. Recoveries of valnemulin from feed samples spiked at 5.0, 20 and 50 mg kg(-1) ranged between 76.0% and 94.4% with relative standard deviations of less than 9%. The limit of detection for valnemulin in feeds was 1 mg kg(-1).