Experiments on the Capture of Li,H, and D by Lithium Collectors at Different Surface Temperatures at the T-11M Tokamak

Prototypes of lithium emitters and collectors designed on the basis of capillary-porous systems (CPS) are being tried-out at the T-11M tokamak within the concept of continuous lithium circulation, previously proposed for stationary fusion neutron sources (FNSs). One of the goals of the T-11M tokamak research program are to implement the closure of the lithium circulation circuit and to develop the technology of recuperation (extraction and removal from the tokamak chamber) of hydrogen isotopes by using special lithium CPS-based collectors in order to prevent hydrogen isotope accumulation on the inner surface of the discharge chamber. In order to determine the optimal temperature regime for the future FNS operation, the effect of the temperature of the collector surface on its ability to capture lithium and hydrogen isotopes was studied. It is ascertained that the efficiency of capturing lithium and hydrogen isotopes by metal (12Cr18Ni10Ti) collectors in the operating regimes of the T-11M tokamak depends on the temperature of their collecting surfaces; namely, it remains almost constant in the temperature range from–196 to 50°С and then gradually decreases as the temperature rises to 300–400°С. In this case, the amount of the collected lithium is reduced by no more than sixfold, whereas the amount of collected hydrogen isotopes decreases by more than two orders of magnitude. Thus, the wall of a tokamak reactor chamber, which will be heated to 400°С but still coated with residual lithium (or its chemical compounds), will serve as a “mirror” for the incident hydrogen isotopes. It is found that the liquid lithium surface of the CPS-based collector can efficiently capture hydrogen isotopes falling onto it. As the lithium CPS-based collector is heated from 100 to 240°С, the amount of captured deuterium is reduced only twofold. This means that, in a steady-state mode, if, e.g., an MHD pump is used to transport liquid lithium from the collector back to the emitter, then, together with lithium, the captured hydrogen isotopes can also be transported into the recuperation zone.     

Sharpening of the Signal Spectrum Contrast as a Result of Lateral Suppression in the Human Auditory System

The spectrum contrast threshold for the comb-filtered signal was measured at various ripple densities in listeners with normal hearing. The lowest spectrum contrast thresholds of less than 0.1 appeared at a ripple density of 3–4 oct^–1. With the ripple density falling down to 1 oct^–1, the threshold increased to 0.17. At the ripple density higher than 4 oct^–1, the threshold was also growing to achieve 1.0 at a density of 7–8 oct^–1. An increase of threshold at high ripple densities can be explained by integration within critical bands. At low ripple densities, the threshold increase may be a result of the lateral suppression that led to sharpening of the spectral contrast.     

Double helix of the journal Cytology and Genetics: 50 years later

This survey paper contains a brief analysis of publications included in the current issue of the scientific journal Cytology and Genetics dedicated to its 50th anniversary. These papers reflect scientific achievements of their authors in the field of genetics and cell biology and underline the potential of these two biological disciplines, forming the double helix of the journal.     

桑黄菌株活力评价及优良菌株筛选

通过对菌株生长活力、菌株抗氧化能力等多种生理生化指标的测定分析,对7个“桑黄”菌株进行了菌株活力评价,筛选出1株优良菌株SH1,该菌株的菌丝生长活力、发酵生物量、抗氧化能力均优于其他6个菌株。并且通过相关性分析,建立了一种有效评价桑黄生物量高产菌株的快速筛选方法。     

The homologous identification of the stem rust resistance genes <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rpg5</Emphasis>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Adf3</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">RGA1</Emphasis> in the relatives of barley

The barley genes Rpg5, RGA1 and Adf3, which provide a strong resistance to many pathotypes of stem rust, were cloned a few years ago, but it was still unclear whether their homologues were represented in wheat and in related species. The paper describes the results of a bioinformatic research to determine the homologues of Rpg5, RGA1 and Adf3 in the genomes of Triticum aestivum and several wild grasses, which breeders usually use as sources of stem rust resistance, and which are available in the genome databases. It was found that the Th. elongatum sequence Q9FEC6 and T. aestivum sequence Q43655 were the highly identical homologues of the Adf3 sequence. T. urartu M8A999 sequence and T. aestivum W5FCU1 sequence were found to be the closest homologues of Rpg5 complete protein sequence, but the identity of their kinase domains was not as clear as that of the other domains. The separate Rpg5 kinase part analysis did not provide the strong evidences that its orthologs were present in our corn species. T. urartu M7ZZX9 sequence and T. aestivum W5FFP0 and W5FI33 sequences were shown to be the homologues of RGA1. The analysis of the predicted active sites allowed finding out the difference between sequences of Rpg5, RGA1, Adf3 protein and their homologues.     

陆军青年军人心理素质与人格、心理健康的相关研究

目的:探讨陆军青年军人心理素质与人格、心理健康的关系。方法:整群抽取陆军青年官兵881名,采用军人心理素质量表、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行测评,进行方差分析和相关分析。结果:(1)陆军青年军人心理素质各因子分及总分与EPQ人格问卷中的E分呈显著正相关(p<0.01);与N分、P分呈显著负相关(p<0.01)。高、中、低心理素质水平军人E、P、N得分比较有显著差异(p<0.05),表现为在E量表得分上高心理素质组>中等心理素质组>低心理素质组;而在P、N量表得分上则反之。(2)陆军青年军人心理素质各因子分及总分均与SCL-90各因子分和总均分呈显著负相关(p<0.01)。高、中、低心理素质水平军人SCL-90各因子得分比较有显著差异(p<0.05),表现为低心理素质组>中等心理素质组>高心理素质组。结论:陆军青年军人心理素质与心理健康密切相关,心理素质越高,其心理健康水平也越高。     

rhGM—CSF／LIF融合蛋白基因的克隆及表达

利用基因重组技术,人工构建了一个编码五肽Ｇ－Ｓ－Ｇ－Ｇ－Ｓ的基因接头,将ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ和ＬＩＦ的ｃＤＮＡ相连而构成融合基因,将融合基因载入原核表达载体ｐＢＶ２２０后转化大肠杆菌,经热诱导后进行Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹反应鉴定证实获得ｒｈＧＭ－ＣＳＦ／ＬＩＦ融合蛋白（简称ｒｈｇＭ－ＬＩＦ）活性测定表明重组的融合蛋白具有两因子双重活性。     

用ITS序列确定小麦B基因组的可能供体间的关系

对小麦B基因组的可能供体山羊草属Aegilops sect．Sitopsis的5个种的核糖体DNA的内部转 录区(ITS)进行了PCR扩增和克隆,井测定ITSl和ITS2的序列,用ITSl+ITS2的序列重建了 Aegilops sect．Sitopsis中5个种的系统发育关系。结果表明,斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae．speltoides是sect． Sitopsis中特殊的一个种,它与该组其余4种间的平均遗传距离是后者彼此间平均遗传距离的3倍,Ae． speltoides与同组其余4个种的分离要比后者相互间的分离早得多;在拟斯卑尔脱组Sect．Sitopsis的5 个种中,长柱山羊草Ae．longissima与沙融山羊草Ae．sharonensis的关系最近。ITS序列可以进一步用来作为确定B基因组起源的分子标记。