雷公藤红素抑制Cd2+诱导的神经毒性北大核心CSCD

镉(cadmium,Cd)是环境中常见的一种重金属,Cd^(2+)可以通过穿透血脑屏障,产生神经毒性,从而诱发各种神经退行性疾病,雷公藤红素是雷公藤的一种有效成分,具有抗癌、抗炎等一系列药理作用,本文探究雷公藤红素对Cd^(2+)诱导的相应神经毒性的影响作用。通过细胞增殖实验、细胞膜完整性实验、细胞形态实验探索了Cd^(2+)对小胶质细胞HMC3活力的影响;通过一氧化氮(NO)检测实验、脂质过氧化(malondialdehyde,MDA)检测实验、蛋白免疫印迹实验分析了Cd^(2+)的神经毒性以及雷公藤红素对Cd^(2+)诱导的相应神经毒性的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,当Cd^(2+)浓度达到40μmol/L时,对HMC3细胞增殖抑制率为(57.17±8.23)%(P<0.01,n=5),继续增大Cd^(2+)浓度,细胞活性将进一步降低;当Cd^(2+)浓度达到40μmol/L以上时,HMC3的细胞膜明显受到破坏,并且破坏作用与浓度呈剂量依赖性关系;随着Cd^(2+)浓度的增加,细胞形态开始变化,贴壁效果变差。Cd^(2+)使HMC3细胞释放的NO量显著增加,而雷公藤红素能够有效地抑制Cd^(2+)诱导的HMC3细胞NO的释放;Cd^(2+)使HMC3细胞脂质过氧化水平显著增加,加入10^(-7) mol/L雷公藤红素后,MDA的释放量显著减少;Cd^(2+)会使p-PI3K蛋白含量增加,而加入了雷公藤红素(10^(-7)、10^(-6) mol/L)后,p-PI3K蛋白和p-AKT蛋白的激活均被抑制,从而抑制了细胞凋亡。综上所述,雷公藤红素能够抑制Cd^(2+)诱导的小胶质细胞毒性,从而起到神经保护作用。     

菌株DN2对烟草薄片制备液中烟碱的降解

使用O.intermedium DN2降解烟草薄片制备液中的烟碱。研究了各种工艺参数对烟碱降解的影响,单因素考察结果表明烟草薄片制备液中烟碱降解的最适条件是:添加0.1%的酵母膏,使用氨水将pH调节到7.0,接种15%种子液,培养温度30oC。在上述条件下,采用30L发酵罐对烟草薄片制备液进行3个批次的半连续发酵,烟碱的平均降解速率为140.55mg/L/h,高于其他烟碱降解菌株。该结果表明菌株DN2可以用来降低烟草薄片中的烟碱含量。     

北美东部8种温带树种向北分布的限制气候因子

利用分布于北美东部的8种温带落叶树种为研究材料,应用反映热量和降水状况的11个变量为气候指标,用标准差分析方法分析了这8个树种的分布北界与气候因子之间的关系.结果表明,在所使用的气候指标中,同一树种不同地点的温暖指数或年生物温度的标准差最小,说明积温是限制这些树种向北分布的主要气候因子;温暖指数和寒冷指数随着年降水量的增大而减小,寒冷指数随着年较差的增加而增加,温暖指数随着水热综合指数的增加表现出减小的趋势.表明,除了生长季节的积温之外,降水和大陆性等气候条件对温带树种向北分布也起着重要作用.     

组织中肥大细胞内F—actin对其不同亚型细胞分泌作用的影响

目的:研究细胞内丝状肌动蛋白的变化对不同亚型肥大细胞分泌作用的影响.方法: 利用肥大细胞的特征性蛋白酶抗体和鬼比环肽的免疫荧光标记;以流式细胞仪检测分选人皮肤组织中肥大细胞的亚型;使用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜显示肥大细胞内分泌颗粒和微丝的分布.结果:类胰蛋白酶免疫反应性的肥大细胞内含有丰富的丝状肌动蛋白环,在质膜内层区域形成阻碍类胰蛋白酶释放的屏障;大量的类胰蛋白酶暂存于分泌泡中,少量的类胰蛋白酶因细胞内丝状肌动蛋白环的解聚使之从分泌泡中释放.而类胰蛋白酶和类糜蛋白酶免疫反应性的肥大细胞及类糜蛋白酶免疫反应性的肥大细胞内少见或未见明显的阻碍蛋白酶释放的丝状肌动蛋白环;细胞形态膨胀,细胞内蛋白酶已释放.结论:人皮肤组织中肥大细胞内类胰蛋白酶和/或类糜蛋白酶的含量及其肥大细胞亚型与丝状肌动蛋白环相关联.     

七姊妹山国家级自然保护区菊科植物区系及资源植物分析

湖北七姊妹山国家级自然保护区位于宣恩县东部,生物多样性丰富。据调查,该区共有菊科植物58属119种(含变种),具有我国种子植物属15个地理分布区类型中的12个。从起源来看,七姊妹山国家级自然保护区菊科植物以温带起源为主,温带属占73.59%(39属),热带属占20.75%(11属),有3个中国特有分布属,表明该地区菊科植物区系有以温带成分为主的多类成分共存的特点。七姊妹山国家级自然保护区菊科资源植物十分丰富,按其用途可分为野生蔬菜类、蜜源植物类、观赏植物类、药用植物类、香料植物类及特有植物类等,这些资源植物具有较大开发利用价值。     

Integrated soil and plant phosphorus management for crop and environment in China. A review

In semi-arid grassland ecosystems, soil biogeochemical processes are controlled by seasonal and inter-annual rainfall variation and temperature, which may override the long-term impact of grazers on N availability and N dynamics. In a three-year (2004?C2006) case study of an Inner Mongolian grassland, we analysed time-integrated (ion-exchange resins) and instantaneous (soil mineral N extractions) inorganic N availability at three sites of varying grazing intensities and combined these data with information on soil water content (SWC), aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and plant N uptake. Additionally, the effects of rainfall and grazing on N-form availability (NO ₃ ^? -N, NH ₄ ⁺ -N) were considered. Grazing had less impact on N availability compared to seasonal and annual rainfall distribution. One of the three study years (2004) showed a grazing effect with higher resin-N availability at the ungrazed site compared to the heavily grazed site. Inorganic N availability was low in the driest year (2005) and highest in a year of average rainfall amount and favourable distribution (2004). In general, we found a positive relationship between inorganic N availability and both plant productivity and plant N uptake. Rainfall also controlled the plant available NO ₃ ^? -N and NH ₄ ⁺ -N pools; NH ₄ ⁺ -N dominated the available inorganic N-form in times of low SWC, while the available NO ₃ ^? -N increased with SWC. We observed N availability and plant productivity in a temporal synchronized pattern. Increased rainfall variability and land-use practices affecting SWC will likely alter N availability dynamics (and the relation of N-forms) and, therefore, important processes of semi-arid natural grassland carbon and N cycling.     

Genome-wide comparative analysis of DNAJ genes and their co-expression patterns with HSP70s in aestivation of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Functional & Integrative Genomics - DNAJ proteins function as co-chaperones of HSP70 and play key roles in cell physiology to promote protein folding and degradation, especially under...     

Structural feature of sorghum chloroplast psbA gene and regulation effects of its 5'-noncoding region*

Comparative analysis reveals remarkable homology between the sequences of both psbA gene nucleotides and the inferred amino acids of sorghum, a C_4 plant, and those of rice, a C_3 plant. The 5'-noncoding region of sorghum psbA gene contains the conservative promoter elements, "-35" element and "-10" element, like the prokaryote and the promoter element, TATA box, like the eukaryote. As compared with that of the rice, an extra sequence of 7 bp is found in the leader sequence of the mRNA in the former. Using an in vitro system, it has been demonstrated that protein factor exists in sorghum chloroplast protein extract which specifically binds to the 5'-noncoding region of psbA gene. Measurement of the expression of luciferase shows a 2—5 time greater reaction of the expression plasmids pALqs which contain leader region of sorghum psbA gene than that of the expression plasmids pALqr which contain leader region of rice psbA gene in E. coli.