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61.
Manuel Algara Meritxell Arenas Dolores De las Peñas Eloisa Bayo Julia Muñoz José Antonio Carceller Juan Salinas Ferran Moreno Francisco Martínez Ezequiel González Ángel Montero 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2012,17(3):122-128
AimTo evaluate the resources and techniques used in the irradiation of patients with breast cancer after lumpectomy or mastectomy and the status of implementation of new techniques and therapeutic schedules in our country.BackgroundThe demand for cancer care has increased among the Spanish population, as long as cancer treatment innovations have proliferated. Radiation therapy in breast cancer has evolved exponentially in recent years with the implementation of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, intensity modulated radiotherapy, image guided radiotherapy and hypofractionation.Material and MethodsAn original survey questionnaire was sent to institutions participating in the SEOR-Mama group (GEORM). In total, the standards of practice in 969 patients with breast cancer after surgery were evaluated.ResultsThe response rate was 70% (28/40 centers). In 98.5% of cases 3D conformal treatment was used. All the institutions employed CT-based planning treatment. Boost was performed in 56.4% of patients: electrons in 59.8%, photons in 23.7% and HDR brachytherapy in 8.8%. Fractionation was standard in 93.1% of patients. Supine position was the most frequent. Only 3 centers used prone position. The common organs of risk delimited were: homolateral lung (80.8%) and heart (80.8%). In 84% histograms were used. An 80.8% of the centers used isocentric technique. In 62.5% asymmetric fields were employed. CTV was delimited in 46.2%, PTV in 65% and both in 38.5%. A 65% of the centers checked with portal films. IMRT and hypofractionation were used in 1% and in 5.5% respectively.ConclusionIn most of centers, 3D conformal treatment and CT-based planning treatment were used. IMRT and hypofractionation are currently poorly implemented in Spain. 相似文献
62.
63.
In this comparative behavioral study, the effect of infection with Schistosoma mansoni on its snail intermediate host Biomphalaria glabrata was investigated. Three groups of snails were compared for their activity: (1) uninfected, (2) infected with male parasites, and (3) infected with female parasites. In solitary movement trials, uninfected snails traveled greater distances at faster rates, explored more surface area, and had shorter rest periods than snails infected with either male or female schistosomes. In Y-maze experiments designed to determine attraction, the uninfected snails more often and more quickly moved toward other snails than the infected individuals. Snails from all 3 groups were more attracted to infected individuals than to uninfected ones. There was no difference in attraction toward snails infected with male or female parasites. These experiments provide evidence that behavioral alterations as a result of infection may lead to aggregation of infected snails in the field. We propose that such an effect may result in enhanced parasite transmission. 相似文献
64.
Andrea Comba Luciana L. Almada Ezequiel J. Tolosa Eriko Iguchi David L. Marks Marianela Vara Messler Renata Silva Maite G. Fernandez-Barrena Elisa Enriquez-Hesles Anne L. Vrabel Bruno Botta Lucia Di Marcotulio Volker Ellenrieder Aldo R. Eynard Maria E. Pasqualini Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2016,291(4):1933-1947
65.
Karin H. Fehlauer‐Ale Joshua A. Mackie Grace E. Lim‐Fong Ezequiel Ale Marcio R. Pie Andrea Waeschenbach 《Zoologica scripta》2014,43(2):193-205
Previous analyses of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and γ‐proteobacterial endosymbiont diversity have suggested that the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina is a complex of three cryptic species, namely Types S, D and N. Types D and N were previously reported to have restricted distributions along California (western USA) and Delaware and Connecticut (eastern USA), respectively, whereas Type S is considered widespread in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions due to anthropogenic transport. Here, Bayesian species delimitation analysis of a data set composed of two mitochondrial (COI and large ribosomal RNA subunit [16S]) and two nuclear genes (dynein light chain roadblock type‐2 protein [DYN] and voltage‐dependent anion‐selective channel protein [VDAC]) demonstrated that Types S, D and N correspond to three biological species. This finding was significantly supported, in spite of the combinations of priors applied for ancestral population size and root age. Furthermore, COI sequences were used to assess the introduction patterns of the cosmopolitan Type S species. Two COI haplotypes of Type S (S1a and S1d) were found occurring at a global scale. Mantel tests showed correlation between these haplotypes and local sea surface temperature tolerance. Accordingly, the distributions of Type S haplotypes may reflect intraspecific temperature tolerance variation, in addition to the role of introduction vectors. Finally, we show that the Type N may also have been introduced widely, as this species was found for the first time in Central California and north‐eastern Australia. 相似文献
66.
Ezequiel M Fuentes-Pananá Violeta Larios-Serrato Alfonso Méndez-Tenorio Abigail Morales-Sánchez Carlos F Arias Javier Torres 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2016,111(3):200-208
Gastric (GC) and breast (BrC) cancer are two of the most common and deadly tumours.Different lines of evidence suggest a possible causative role of viral infections forboth GC and BrC. Wide genome sequencing (WGS) technologies allow searching for viralagents in tissues of patients with cancer. These technologies have alreadycontributed to establish virus-cancer associations as well as to discovery new tumourviruses. The objective of this study was to document possible associations of viralinfection with GC and BrC in Mexican patients. In order to gain idea about costeffective conditions of experimental sequencing, we first carried out an insilico simulation of WGS. The next-generation-platform IlluminaGallx wasthen used to sequence GC and BrC tumour samples. While we did not find viralsequences in tissues from BrC patients, multiple reads matching Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) sequences were found in GC tissues. An end-point polymerase chain reactionconfirmed an enrichment of EBV sequences in one of the GC samples sequenced,validating the next-generation sequencing-bioinformatics pipeline. 相似文献
67.
Thomas Kitzberger Ezequiel Aráoz Juan H. Gowda Mónica Mermoz Juan M. Morales 《Ecosystems》2012,15(1):97-112
The generalization that plant communities increase in flammability as they age and invariably lead to resilient self-organized landscape mosaics is being increasingly challenged. Plant communities often exhibit rapidly saturating or even hump-shaped age-flammability trajectories and landscapes often display strong non-linear behaviors, abrupt shifts, and self-reinforcing alternative community states. This plethora of fire-landscape interactions calls for a more general model that considers alternative age-flammability rules. We simulated landscape dynamics assuming communities that (1) increase in flammability with age and (2) gain flammability up to a certain age followed by a slight and moderate loss to a constant value. Simulations were run under combinations of ignition frequency and interannual climatic variability. Age-increasing fire probability promoted high resilience to changes in ignition frequency and climatic variability whereas humpbacked-shaped age-flammability led to strong non-linear behaviors. Moderate (20%) reductions in mature compared to peak flammability produced the least resilient behaviors. The relatively non-flammable mature forest matrix intersected by young flammable patches is prone to break up and disintegrate with slight increases in ignition/climate variability causing large-scale shifts in the fire regime because large fires were able to sweep through the more continuous young/flammable landscape. Contrary to the dominant perception, fire suppression in landscapes with positive feedbacks may effectively reduce fire occurrence by allowing less flammable later stage communities composed of longer lived, obligate seeders to replace earlier stages of light demanding, often more flammable resprouters. Conversely, increases in anthropogenic ignitions, a common global trend of many forested regions may, in synergism with increased climate variability, induce abrupt shifts, and large-scale forest degradation. 相似文献
68.
Maria Antunez-Lamas Ezequiel Cabrera Emilia Lopez-Solanilla Roberto Solano Pablo González-Melendi Jose Manuel Chico Ian Toth Paul Birch Leighton Pritchard Hui Liu Pablo Rodriguez-Palenzuela 《Molecular microbiology》2009,74(3):662-671
Jasmonate is a key signalling compound in plant defence that is synthesized in wounded tissues. In this work, we have found that this molecule is also a strong chemoattractant for the phythopathogenic bacteria Dickeya dadantii (ex- Erwinia chysanthemi ). Jasmonic acid induced the expression of a subset of bacterial genes possibly involved in virulence/survival in the plant apoplast and bacterial cells pre-treated with jasmonate showed increased virulence in chicory and Saintpaulia leaves. We also showed that tissue wounding induced bacterial spread through the leaf surface. Moreover, the jasmonate-deficient aos1 Arabidopsis thaliana mutant was more resistant to bacterial invasion by D. dadantii than wild-type plants. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that sensing jasmonic acid by this bacterium helps the pathogen to ingress inside plant tissues. 相似文献
69.
Fonseca-Reyes S López Maldonado FJ Miranda-Ackerman RC Vélez-Gómez E Alvarez-Iñiguez P Velarde-Rivera FA Ascensio-Esparza EP 《Revista iberoamericana de micología》2007,24(1):41-43
We report an unusual case of disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis with oral mucous and tracheal involvement in a forty-year-old male with a history of heavy drinking and liver cirrhosis. We also review the literature and other similar published cases. 相似文献
70.
Daftary GS Lomberk GA Buttar NS Allen TW Grzenda A Zhang J Zheng Y Mathison AJ Gada RP Calvo E Iovanna JL Billadeau DD Prendergast FG Urrutia R 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(10):7010-7025
Krüppel-like factor (KLF) proteins have elicited significant attention due to their emerging key role in metabolic and endocrine diseases. Here, we extend this knowledge through the biochemical characterization of KLF16, unveiling novel mechanisms regulating expression of genes involved in reproductive endocrinology. We found that KLF16 selectively binds three distinct KLF-binding sites (GC, CA, and BTE boxes). KLF16 also regulated the expression of several genes essential for metabolic and endocrine processes in sex steroid-sensitive uterine cells. Mechanistically, we determined that KLF16 possesses an activation domain that couples to histone acetyltransferase-mediated pathways, as well as a repression domain that interacts with the histone deacetylase chromatin-remodeling system via all three Sin3 isoforms, suggesting a higher level of plasticity in chromatin cofactor selection. Molecular modeling combined with molecular dynamic simulations of the Sin3a-KLF16 complex revealed important insights into how this interaction occurs at an atomic resolution level, predicting that phosphorylation of Tyr-10 may modulate KLF16 function. Phosphorylation of KLF16 was confirmed by in vivo (32)P incorporation and controlled by a Y10F site-directed mutant. Inhibition of Src-type tyrosine kinase signaling as well as the nonphosphorylatable Y10F mutation disrupted KLF16-mediated gene silencing, demonstrating that its function is regulatable rather than constitutive. Subcellular localization studies revealed that signal-induced nuclear translocation and euchromatic compartmentalization constitute an additional mechanism for regulating KLF16 function. Thus, this study lends insights on key biochemical mechanisms for regulating KLF sites involved in reproductive biology. These data also contribute to the new functional information that is applicable to understanding KLF16 and other highly related KLF proteins. 相似文献