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排序方式: 共有82条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
31.
Maria Fernanda Antunes Cruz Fabrício Ávila Rodrigues Ana Paula Cardoso Diniz Maurilio Alves Moreira Everaldo Gonçalves Barros 《Journal of Phytopathology》2014,162(2):133-136
Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is one of the most important diseases on soybean. At the moment, ASR is managed mainly with fungicides due to the absence of commercial cultivars with resistance to this disease. This study evaluated the effects of acibenzolar‐Smethyl (ASM), jasmonic acid (JA), potassium silicate (PS) and calcium silicate (CS) on soybean resistance to ASR. The ASM, JA and PS were sprayed to leaves 24 h prior to inoculation with P. pachyrhizi. The CS was amended to the soil. The incubation period (time from the inoculation until symptoms development) was longer for plants growing in soil amended with CS or sprayed with ASM in comparison with plants sprayed with water (control). Plants sprayed with ASM had longer latent period (time from the inoculation until signs appearance) in comparison with the control plants. Plants sprayed with PS showed fewer uredia per cm² of leaf in relation to the control plants. The ASM and PS were the most effective treatments in reducing the ASR symptoms in contrast to the JA and CS treatments. The JA served as an inducer of susceptibility to ASR. 相似文献
32.
Graziano Rossi Gilberto Parolo Laura A. Zonta Julie A. Crawford Andrea Leonardi 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2006,15(12):3881-3893
The purpose of this study was to determine the conservation status of a Salix herbacea L. population, located in the N-Apennines (Italy), toward the southern edge of the species’ distribution. A 3 year-long study
(1999–2001) was conducted to evaluate the effects of human trampling on Salix herbacea. Two stands, one trampled and one untrampled in the same site, were compared. The measured variables included: total vegetation
cover; cover and female catkin number of Salix herbacea. The trampled stand showed a decrease in both Salix cover and sexual reproduction. We suggest possible conservation strategies to preserve the Salix herbacea trampled stand from its local extinction. 相似文献
33.
Plazzo AP De Franceschi N Da Broi F Zonta F Sanasi MF Filippini F Mongillo M 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(7):4818-4825
Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is a light-gated cation channel widely used as a biotechnological tool to control membrane depolarization in various cell types and tissues. Although several ChR2 variants with modified properties have been generated, the structural determinants of the protein function are largely unresolved. We used bioinformatic modeling of the ChR2 structure to identify the putative cationic pathway within the channel, which is formed by a system of inner cavities that are uniquely present in this microbial rhodopsin. Site-directed mutagenesis combined with patch clamp analysis in HeLa cells was used to determine key residues involved in ChR2 conductance and selectivity. Among them, Gln-56 is important for ion conductance, whereas Ser-63, Thr-250, and Asn-258 are previously unrecognized residues involved in ion selectivity and photocurrent kinetics. This study widens the current structural information on ChR2 and can assist in the design of new improved variants for specific biological applications. 相似文献
34.
Carolina V. De Castilho William E. Magnusson R. Nazar Oliveira de Araújo Everaldo Da Costa Pereira Sebastio Salvino De Souza 《Biotropica》2006,38(4):555-557
We evaluated the impacts of the use of French climbing spikes on the growth rate and survival of trees during an interval of 14–28 mo. No climbed tree died during this interval and the growth rates of the climbed trees were not different from those trees that were not climbed. We recommend that users always record when a tree is climbed using spikes, especially in permanent plots. 相似文献
35.
Zonta F Polles G Zanotti G Mammano F 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2012,29(5):985-998
Mutations in the genes GJB2 and GJB6 encoding human connnexin26 (hCx26) and connexin30 (hCx30), respectively, are the leading cause of non-syndromic prelingual deafness in several human populations. In this work, we exploited the high degree (77%) of sequence similarity shared by hCx26 and hCx30 to create atomistic models of homomeric hCx26 and hCx30 connexons starting from the X-ray crystallographic structure of an intercellular channel formed by hCx26 protomers at 3.5-? resolution. The equilibrium dynamics of the two protein complexes was followed for 40 ns each by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Our results indicate that, in hCx26, positively charged Lys41 residues establish a potential barrier within the fully open channel, hindering ion diffusion in the absence of an electrochemical gradient. A similar role is played, in hCx30, by negatively charged Glu49 residues. The different position and charge of these two ion sieves account for the differences in unitary conductance observed experimentally. Our results are discussed in terms of present models of voltage gating in connexin channels. 相似文献
36.
Romeo Romagnoli Pier Giovanni Baraldi Maria Dora Carrion Carlota Lopez Cara Olga Cruz-Lopez Manlio Tolomeo Stefania Grimaudo Antonietta Di Cristina Maria Rosaria Pipitone Jan Balzarini Nicola Zonta Andrea Brancale Ernest Hamel 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2009,17(19):6862-6871
The biological importance of microtubules in mitosis and cell division makes them an interesting target for the development of anticancer agents. Small molecules such as benzo[b]furans are attractive as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization. Thus, a new class of inhibitors of tubulin polymerization based on the 2-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxybenzoyl)-benzo[b]furan molecular skeleton, with electron-donating (Me, OMe or OH) or electron-withdrawing (F, Cl and Br) substituents on the benzene ring, was synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity, inhibition of tubulin polymerization and cell cycle effects. Adding a methyl group at the C-3 position resulted in increased activity. The most promising compound in this series was 2-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxybenzoyl)-3-methyl-6-ethoxy-benzo[b]furan, which inhibits cancer cell growth at nanomolar concentrations and interacts strongly with tubulin by binding to the colchicine site. 相似文献
37.
We studied the relaxation of natural selection affecting the newborn population in Italy between 1930 and 1993 due to the decrease in the stillbirth (mortality) rate and the simultaneous changes in women's reproductive behavior (strategies). Results show that, apart from a drastic overall reduction, the stillbirth rate has varied among different groups of neonates. The present stillbirth rate of less than 5 per thousand, observed in 8 of the 20 phenotypic classes defined on the basis of maternal age at delivery and neonate birth order, most likely represents an unavoidable biological or genetic cost. A 9 per thousand stillbirth rate, about twice the potential minimum, exists among neonates born to women delivering at advanced age (> or = 35): the risk they face at the first or, in adverse living conditions, the fourth pregnancy could, however, be decreased by a policy aimed at countering the tendency to delay maternity and improving antenatal care in economically disadvantaged areas of the country. 相似文献
38.
Battaglia V Tibaldi E Grancara S Zonta F Brunati AM Martinis P Bragadin M Grillo MA Tempera G Agostinelli E Toninello A 《Amino acids》2012,42(2-3):741-749
The polyamine spermine is transported into the matrix of various types of mitochondria by a specific uniporter system identified as a protein channel. This mechanism is regulated by the membrane potential; other regulatory effectors are unknown. This study analyzes the transport of spermine in the presence of peroxides in both isolated rat liver and brain mitochondria, in order to evaluate the involvement of the redox state in this mechanism, and to compare its effect in both types of mitochondria. In liver mitochondria peroxides are able to inhibit spermine transport. This effect is indicative of redox regulation by the transporter, probably due to the presence of critical thiol groups along the transport pathway, or in close association with it, with different accessibility for the peroxides and performing different functions. In brain mitochondria, peroxides have several effects, supporting the hypothesis of a different regulation of spermine transport. The fact that peroxovanadate can inhibit tyrosine phosphatases in brain mitochondria suggests that mitochondrial spermine transport is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation in this organ. In this regard, the evaluation of spermine transport in the presence of Src inhibitors suggests the involvement of Src family kinases in this process. It is possible that phosphorylation sites for Src kinases are present in the channel pathway and have an inhibitory effect on spermine transport under regulation by Src kinases. The results of this study suggest that the activity of the spermine transporter probably depends on the redox and/or tyrosine phosphorylation state of mitochondria, and that its regulation may be different in distinct organs. 相似文献
39.
LV Dos Santos MV de Queiroz MF Santana MA Soares EG de Barros EF de Araújo T Langin 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2012,28(3):1087-1095
A nonautonomous element of 624 bp, called RetroCl1 (Retroelement Colletotrichum lindemuthianum 1), was identified in the plant pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. RetroCl1 contains terminal direct repeats (223 bp) that are surrounded by CTAGT sequences. It has a short internal domain of 178 bp
and shows characteristics of terminal-repeat retrotransposon in miniature (TRIM) family. We used RetroCl1 sequence to develop molecular markers for the Colletotrichum genus. IRAP (Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism) and REMAP (Retrotransposon-Microsatellite Amplified Polymorphism)
markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of C. lindemuthianum. Fifty-four isolates belonging to different races were used. A total of 45 loci were amplified. The Nei index showed significant
differences among the populations divided according to race, indicating that they are structured according to pathotype. No
clear correlation between IRAP and REMAP markers with pathogenic characterization was found. C. lindemuthianum has high genetic diversity, and the analysis of molecular variance showed that 51% of variability is found among the populations
of different races. The markers were also tested in different Colletotrichum species. In every case, multiple bands were amplified, indicating that these markers can be successfully used in different
species belonging to the Colletotrichum genus. 相似文献
40.