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971.
Jing-Min Wang Dong Wang Yu-Yan Tan Gang Zhao Zhen-Ling Ji 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
Cholesterosis is a disease of cholesterol metabolism characterized by the presence of excessive lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. These lipid droplets are mainly composed of cholesterol esters derived from free cholesterol. The removal of excess cholesterol from gallbladder epithelial cells (GBECs) is very important for the maintenance of intracellular cholesterol homeostasis and the preservation of gallbladder function. Several lines of evidence have indicated that the activation of either peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) or liver X receptor α (LXRα) relates to cholesterol efflux. While pioglitazone can regulate the activation of PPARγ, 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol can activate LXRα and is a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones. However, the effect of 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol in combination with pioglitazone on cholesterosis of the gallbladder is unclear. GBECs were treated with pioglitazone, 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol or PPARγ siRNA followed by Western blot analysis for ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), PPARγ and LXRα. Cholesterol efflux to apoA-I was determined, and Oil Red O staining was performed to monitor variations in lipid levels in treated GBECs. Our data showed that 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol can modestly up-regulate LXRα while simultaneously increasing ABCA1 by 56%. The combination of 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol and pioglitazone resulted in a 3.64-fold increase in ABCA1 expression and a high rate of cholesterol efflux. Oil Red O staining showed an obvious reduction in the lipid droplets associated with cholesterosis in GBECs. In conclusion, the present findings indicate that the anti-lipid deposition action of 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol combined with pioglitazone involves the activation of the PPARγ–LXRα–ABCA1 pathway, increased ABCA1 expression and the efflux of cholesterol from GBECs. Thus, 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol synergistically combined with pioglitazone to produce a remarkable effect on lipid deposition in cholesterosis GBECs. 相似文献
972.
Ji Hyung Chung Jiyoung Moon Youn Sue Lee Hye-Kyung Chung Seung-Min Lee Min-Jeong Shin 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
Arginase may play a major role in the regulation of vascular function in various cardiovascular disorders by impairing nitric oxide (NO) production. In the current study, we investigated whether supplementation of the arginase inhibitor Nω-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (nor-NOHA) could restore endothelial function in an animal model of diet-induced obesity. Arginase 1 expression was significantly lower in the aorta of C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with nor-NOHA (40 mg kg-1/day) than in mice fed HFD without nor-NOHA. Arginase inhibition led to considerable increases in eNOS expression and NO levels and significant decreases in the levels of circulating ICAM-1. These findings were further confirmed by the results of siRNA-mediated knockdown of Arg in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In conclusion, arginase inhibition can help restore dysregulated endothelial function by increasing the eNOS-dependent NO production in the endothelium, indicating that arginase could be a therapeutic target for correcting obesity-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. 相似文献
973.
Dae Hong Kim Ik Hwan Lee Seung Taek Nam Ji Hong Peng Zhang Jae Sam Hwang Heon Seok Hyemin Choi Dong Gun Lee Jae Il Kim Ho Kim 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
We recently isolated a polypeptide from the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris that is structurally similar to defensin, a well-known antibacterial peptide. An 11-mer antibacterial peptide (NH2-RNRRWCIDQQA), designated Lumbricusin, was synthesized based on the amino acid sequence of the isolated polypeptide. Since we previously reported that CopA3, a dung beetle peptide, enhanced neuronal cell proliferation, we here examined whether Lumbricusin exerted neurotropic and/or neuroprotective effects. Lumbricusin treatment induced a time-dependent increase (∼51%) in the proliferation of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Lumbricusin also significantly inhibited the apoptosis and decreased viability induced by treatment with 6-hydroxy dopamine, a Parkinson’s disease-mimicking agent. Immunoblot analyses revealed that Lumbricusin treatment increased ubiquitination of p27Kip1 protein, a negative regulator of cell-cycle progression, in SH-SY5Y cells, and markedly promoted its degradation. Notably, adenoviral-mediated over-expression of p27Kip1 significantly blocked the antiapoptotic effect of Lumbricusin in 6-hydroxy dopamine-treated SH-SY5Y cells. These results suggest that promotion of p27Kip1 degradation may be the main mechanism underlying the neuroprotective and neurotropic effects of Lumbricusin. 相似文献
974.
Hye-In Kim Fu-Shi Quan Ji-Eun Kim Na-Rae Lee Hyun Ji Kim Su Ji Jo Chae-Min Lee Dae Sik Jang Kyung-Soo Inn 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
Extracts of Prunella vulgaris have been shown to exert antiestrogenic effects. To identify the compounds responsible for these actions, we isolated the constituents of P. vulgaris and tested their individual antiestrogenic effects. Rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ursolic acid (UA), oleanolic acid, hyperoside, rutin and betulinic acid (BA) were isolated from the flower stalks of P. vulgaris var. lilacina Nakai (Labiatae). Among these constituents, UA and BA showed significant antiestrogenic effects, measured as a decrease in the mRNA level of GREB1, an estrogen-responsive protein; the effects of BA were stronger than those of UA. UA and BA were capable of suppressing estrogen response element (ERE)-dependent luciferase activity and expression of estrogen-responsive genes in response to exposure to estradiol, further supporting the suppressive role of these compounds in estrogen-induced signaling. However, neither UA nor BA was capable of suppressing estrogen signaling in cells ectopically overexpressing estrogen receptor α (ERα). Furthermore, both mRNA and protein levels of ERα were reduced by treatment with UA or BA, suggesting that UA and BA inhibit estrogen signaling by suppressing the expression of ERα. Interestingly, both compounds enhanced prostate-specific antigen promoter activity. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that UA and BA are responsible for the antiestrogenic effects of P. vulgaris and suggest their potential use as therapeutic agents against estrogen-dependent tumors. 相似文献
975.
Eun Young Hwang Mi Suk Jeong Eun-Kyeong Park Jae Ho Kim Se Bok Jang 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
Periostin appears to be a unique extracellular protein secreted by fibroblasts that is upregulated following injury to the heart or changes in the environment. Periostin has the ability to associate with other critical extracellular matrix (ECM) regulators such as TGF-β, tenascin, and fibronectin, and is a critical regulator of fibrosis that functions by altering the deposition and attachment of collagen. Periostin is known to be highly expressed in carcinoma cells, but not in normal breast tissues. The protein has a structural similarity to insect fasciclin-1 (Fas 1) and can be induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2. To investigate the molecular interaction of periostin and bone morphogenetic protein, we modeled these three-dimensional structures and their binding sites. We demonstrated direct interaction between periostin and BMP1/2 in vitro using several biochemical and biophysical assays. We found that the structures of the first, second, and fourth Fas1 domains in periostin are similar to that of the fourth Fas 1 domain of TGFBIp. However, the structure of the third Fas 1 domain in periostin is different from those of the first, second, and fourth Fas1 domains, while it is similar to the NMR structure of Fasciclin-like protein from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. These results will useful in further functional analysis of the interaction of periostin and bone morphogenetic protein. 相似文献
976.
Lusheng Gu Yi Sheng Yan Chen Hao Chang Yongdeng Zhang Pingping Lv Wei Ji Tao Xu 《Biophysical journal》2014,106(11):2443-2449
Single molecule fitting-based superresolution microscopy achieves sub-diffraction-limit image resolution but suffers from a need for long acquisition times to gather enough molecules. Several methods have recently been developed that analyze high molecule density images but most are only applicable to two dimensions. In this study, we implemented a high-density superresolution localization algorithm based on compressed sensing and a biplane approach that provides three-dimensional information about molecules, achieving super-resolution imaging at higher molecule densities than those achieved using the conventional single molecule fitting method. 相似文献
977.
Jiří Friml 《European journal of cell biology》2010,89(2-3):231-235
The directional transport of the plant hormone auxin is a unique process mediating a wide variety of developmental processes. Auxin movement between cells depends on AUX1/LAX, PGP and PIN protein families that mediate auxin transport across the plasma membrane. The directionality of auxin flow within tissues is largely determined by polar, subcellular localization of PIN auxin efflux carriers. PIN proteins undergo rapid subcellular dynamics that is important for the process of auxin transport and its directionality. Furthermore, various environmental and endogenous signals can modulate trafficking and polarity of PIN proteins and by this mechanism change auxin distribution. Thus, the subcellular dynamics of auxin transport proteins represents an important interface between cellular processes and development of the whole plant. This review summarizes our recent contributions to the field of PIN trafficking and auxin transport regulation. 相似文献
978.
Zheng-ke Zhan Kun-mei Ji Xiao-yu Liu Zhi-gang Liu Meng Li Jia-jie Chen Jia-na Li Shi Qiu 《Experimental & applied acarology》2010,52(1):63-71
Home dust mite derived materials are known to be a major source of problematic inhalant allergens. The aim of this study was
to determine the localization of the group 3 allergen, Der f 3, within Dermatophagoides farinae, in order to assess the relative importance of excreted materials and nonexcreted body components as allergen sources. Recombinant
Der f 3 (rDer f 3) was expressed in bacteria and purified as an immunogen for production of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against
it. Dermatophagoides farinae mites and their faecal pellets were embedded in paraffin, and serial sections were immunoprobed with mAb clone 3D3 against
Der f 3. D. farinae midgut mucosa, gut contents and faecal pellets were strongly immunopositive for Der f 3. Der f 3 immunoreactive products
were not detected in any other internal organs of the mite. These results suggest that Der f 3 allergen may be synthesized
in and secreted from the digestive tract and excreted from the mite’s body in the faecal pellets. 相似文献
979.
Development of a stepwise aeration control strategy for efficient docosahexaenoic acid production by Schizochytrium sp. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lu-Jing Ren Xiao-Jun Ji He Huang Liang Qu Yun Feng Qian-Qian Tong Ping-Kai Ouyang 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2010,87(5):1649-1656
The effect of aeration on the performance of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production by Schizochytrium sp. was investigated in a 1,500-L bioreactor using fed-batch fermentation. Six parameters, including specific growth rate,
specific glucose consumption rate, specific lipid accumulation rate, cell yield coefficient, lipid yield coefficient, and
DHA yield coefficient, were used to understand the relationship between aeration and the fermentation characteristics. Based
on the information obtained from the parameters, a stepwise aeration control strategy was proposed. The aeration rate was
controlled at 0.4 volume of air per volume of liquid per minute (vvm) for the first 24 h, then shifted to 0.6 vvm until 96 h,
and then switched back to 0.4 vvm until the end of the fermentation. High cell density (71 g/L), high lipid content (35.75 g/L),
and high DHA percentage (48.95%) were achieved by using this strategy, and DHA productivity reached 119 mg/L h, which was
11.21% over the best results obtained by constant aeration rate. 相似文献
980.
夏季舟山渔场及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构特征分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
2006年8月在舟山渔场及邻近海域(29°30′ ~31°30′ N,124°30′ E以西)开展海洋生态系统综合调查,用浅水Ⅰ型浮游生物网采集的浮游动物样本,对该海域浮游动物的种类组成、数量分布、生物多样性等群落结构特征进行了分析。结果得知,在调查海域共鉴定出浮游动物93种(不包含浮游幼虫),其中以桡足类的种类数为最多,有50种,优势种主要有精致真刺水蚤(Euchaeta concinna)、软拟海樽(Dolioletta gegenbauri)、肥胖箭虫(Sagitta enflata)、百陶箭虫(Sagitta bedoti)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、普通波水蚤(Undinula vulgaris)、微刺哲水蚤(Canthocalanus paupe)、长尾类幼虫(Macruran larvae)、双生水母(Diphyes chamissonis)、背针胸刺水蚤(Centropages dorsispinatus)、肥胖三角溞(Evadne tergestina)、太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)等12种。调查海域浮游动物丰度平面分布呈现南部高、北部低,近岸高、外海低的特征。生物多样性分析表明,调查海域浮游动物种类数较多,且具有较高的均匀度(0.70),因此其生物多样性指数较高(4.98)。根据聚类分析结果,可将夏季调查海域的浮游动物在17.13%相似性水平上分为A、B、C三个组群。生物8722;环境匹配分析显示,浮游动物的丰度除了与表层盐度、硝酸氮和硅酸盐含量有关外,还与镉、铅的含量存在着一定相关性。 相似文献