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991.
The effectiveness of antiviral treatments of chronic hepatitis B has been poorly studied in Brazil. Here, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA positivity, drug resistance mutations and their association with HBV genotypes were evaluated in chronically HBV-infected patients under different drug regimens in Brazil. The study involved 129 patients under interferon or nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy for a median treatment time of 12 months. One hundred and five (81%) of these patients were treated with lamivudine (LAM), either in monotherapy or in combination with newer drugs, such as entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir (TDF). High (37.5-100%) rates of HBV DNA positivity were observed with all but one drug regimen (LAM + ETV). However, patients that were treated with ETV alone, TDF alone or with LAM combination therapies had a mean viral load that was 3-4 log lower than patients treated with LAM monotherapy. Of the patients treated with LAM, 47% developed resistance mutations. HBV genotypes A (59.1%), D (30.3%) and F (9.1%) were found. There was no association between the presence of LAM resistance mutations and genotypes, HBeAg status or treatment duration. Nevertheless, the rtM204V mutation was observed more frequently (12/13, 92%) in genotype A than in the others (p = 0.023). Six out of nine isolates that contained the rtM204I mutation belonged to genotype D and half of them displayed a single mutation. Genotype D isolates with the rtM204V variant preferentially displayed a triple mutation, while genotype A preferentially displayed a double mutation (p = 0.04). 相似文献
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993.
The RIP1/RIP3 necrosome forms a functional amyloid signaling complex required for programmed necrosis 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
J Li T McQuade AB Siemer J Napetschnig K Moriwaki YS Hsiao E Damko D Moquin T Walz A McDermott FK Chan H Wu 《Cell》2012,150(2):339-350
RIP1 and RIP3 kinases are central players in TNF-induced programmed necrosis. Here, we report that?the RIP homotypic interaction motifs (RHIMs) of RIP1 and RIP3 mediate the assembly of heterodimeric filamentous structures. The fibrils exhibit classical characteristics of β-amyloids, as shown by Thioflavin T (ThT) and Congo red (CR) binding, circular dichroism, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and solid-state NMR. Structured amyloid cores are mapped in RIP1 and RIP3 that are flanked?by regions of mobility. The endogenous RIP1/RIP3 complex isolated from necrotic cells binds ThT, is ultrastable, and has a fibrillar core structure, whereas necrosis is partially inhibited by ThT, CR, and another amyloid dye, HBX. Mutations in the RHIMs of RIP1 and RIP3 that are defective in the interaction compromise cluster formation, kinase activation, and programmed necrosis in?vivo. The current study provides insight into the structural changes that occur when RIP kinases are triggered to execute different signaling outcomes and expands the realm of amyloids to complex formation and signaling. 相似文献
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995.
Rozenfeld R Bushlin I Gomes I Tzavaras N Gupta A Neves S Battini L Gusella GL Lachmann A Ma'ayan A Blitzer RD Devi LA 《PloS one》2012,7(1):e29239
A fundamental question in G protein coupled receptor biology is how a single ligand acting at a specific receptor is able to induce a range of signaling that results in a variety of physiological responses. We focused on Type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) as a model GPCR involved in a variety of processes spanning from analgesia and euphoria to neuronal development, survival and differentiation. We examined receptor dimerization as a possible mechanism underlying expanded signaling responses by a single ligand and focused on interactions between CB1R and delta opioid receptor (DOR). Using co-immunoprecipitation assays as well as analysis of changes in receptor subcellular localization upon co-expression, we show that CB1R and DOR form receptor heteromers. We find that heteromerization affects receptor signaling since the potency of the CB1R ligand to stimulate G-protein activity is increased in the absence of DOR, suggesting that the decrease in CB1R activity in the presence of DOR could, at least in part, be due to heteromerization. We also find that the decrease in activity is associated with enhanced PLC-dependent recruitment of arrestin3 to the CB1R-DOR complex, suggesting that interaction with DOR enhances arrestin-mediated CB1R desensitization. Additionally, presence of DOR facilitates signaling via a new CB1R-mediated anti-apoptotic pathway leading to enhanced neuronal survival. Taken together, these results support a role for CB1R-DOR heteromerization in diversification of endocannabinoid signaling and highlight the importance of heteromer-directed signal trafficking in enhancing the repertoire of GPCR signaling. 相似文献
996.
Geórgia de Sousa Ferreira Soares Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy Carlos Alberto de Almeida Gadelha Vinicius de Morais Gomes Plinio Delatorre Rafael da Concei??o Sim?es Benildo Sousa Cavada Joana Filomena Leite Celso Shiniti Nagano Nilson Vieira Pinto Hilzeth de Luna Freire Pessoa Tatiane Santi-Gadelha 《The protein journal》2012,31(8):674-680
The Abelmoschus esculentus (Malvaceae) plant originated in Africa and has spread across a number of tropic countries, including northeastern Brazil. The plant has been used to treat various disorders, such as cancer, microbial infections, hypoglycemia, constipation, urine retention and inflammation. The lectin of A. esculentus (AEL) was isolated by precipitation with ammonium sulfate at a saturation level of 30/60 and purified by ion exchange chromatography (Sephacel-DEAE). The electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) profile of the AEL showed two protein bands of apparent molecular mass of approximately 15.0 and 21.0?kDa. The homogenity of the protein was confirmed by electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), which revealed the presence of a 10.29-kDa monomer and a 20.58-kDa dimer. The AEL exhibits agglutinating activity against rabbit (74.41 UH/mP) and human type ABO erythrocytes (21.00 UH/mP). This activity does not require the presence of divalent cations and is specifically inhibited by lactose, fructose and mannose. The intravenous treatment with 0.01, 0.1 and 1?mg/kg of AEL inhibited the paw edema elicited by carrageenan by approximately 15, 22 and 44?%, respectively, but not that induced by dextran. In addition, treatment with 0.1, 1 and 10?mg/kg of AEL also inhibited the abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid by approximately 52, 57 and 69?%, respectively. In conclusion, AEL is a new lectin with a molecular mass of 20.0?kDa, which is -composed of a 10.291-Da monomer and a 20.582-kDa dimer, that exhibits anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and hemagglutinating activities. In addition, the lectin hemagglutinating property is both metallo-independent and associated with the lectin domain. 相似文献
997.
In spite of the effectiveness of Imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment, resistance has repeatedly been reported and is associated with point mutations in the BCR-ABL chimeric gene. To overcome this resistance, several inhibitors of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase activity were developed. In this context, computational simulations have become a powerful tool for understanding drug-protein interactions. Herein, we report a comparative molecular dynamics analysis of the interaction between two tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib or nilotinib) against wild type c-ABL protein and 12 mutants, using the semi-empirical linear interaction energy (LIE) method, to assess the feasibility of this approach for studying resistance against the inhibitory activity of these drugs. In addition, to understand the structural changes that are associated with resistance, we describe the behavior of water molecules that interact simultaneously with specific residues (Glu286, Lys271 and Asp381) of c-ABL (wild type or mutant) and their relationship with drug resistance. Experimental IC50 values for the interaction between imatinib, wild type c-ABL, and 12 mutants were used to obtain the proper LIE coefficients (α, β and γ) to estimate the free energy of the binding of imatinib with wild-type and mutant proteins, and values were extrapolated for the analysis of the nilotinib/c-ABL interaction. Our results indicate that LIE was suitable to predict the superior inhibitory activity of nilotinib and the resistance to inhibition that was observed in c-ABL mutants. Additionally, for c-ABL mutants, the observed number of water molecules being turned over while interacting with amino acids Glu286, Lys271 and Asp381 was associated with resistance to imatinib, resulting in a less effective inhibition of the kinase activity. 相似文献
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999.
1000.
Deborah Nunes Melo Tania Mara Coelho Giovanna Rolim Pinheiro Lima Carolina Gomes Fernandes Bruno Cavalcante Fales de Brito Alves Fernanda Montenegro de Carvalho Araújo Renata Aparecida de Almeida Monteiro Jaume Ordi Paulo Hilrio do Nascimento Saldiva Luciano Pamplona de Ges Cavalcanti 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2021,15(8)