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71.
High isoflavone content and estrogenic activity of 25 year-old Glycine max tissue cultures 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Federici E Touché A Choquart S Avanti O Fay L Offord E Courtois D 《Phytochemistry》2003,64(3):717-724
Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens which have been associated with several health benefits. In the present study, we report the production of isoflavones in a collection of 40 strains of soya cell cultures established in 1975. A large variability in the isoflavone composition was observed and high-producing strains, with an isoflavone content of up to 46.3 mg g(-1) dry wt., were found. In comparison with soybeans, many callus strains had a higher isoflavone concentration (10-40 times) and a different ratio of genistin to daidzin forms. The highest producing strain was transferred to liquid medium in an Erlenmeyer flask and in a 10 l stirred-tank bioreactor where high isoflavone content (7% dry wt.), concentration (880 mg l(-1)) and a maximum productivity estimated to 60 mg l(-1) d(-1) were obtained. We further studied the estrogenic activity of pure compounds compared to plant cell culture extracts in the estrogen-responsive human endometrial Ishikawa cell line. Estrogen was confirmed to be 1000-10,000 times more active than isoflavones. The estrogenic activity of the extracts correlated to their isoflavone content. The activity of the malonyl isoflavones, assessed here for the first time, was lower than the aglycones. Taken together, these results suggest that soya cell cultures can be used as an alternative source to soybeans to provide high concentrations of bioactive isoflavones. 相似文献
72.
Met, metastasis, motility and more 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Birchmeier C Birchmeier W Gherardi E Vande Woude GF 《Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology》2003,4(12):915-925
73.
Silvestrini G Ballanti P Leopizzi M Gualtieri N Sardella D Monnazzi P Simeoni S Sebastiani M Bonucci E Patacchioli FR 《Journal of molecular histology》2007,38(3):215-226
We have studied the effects of the treatment with corticosterone (CORT), parathyroid hormone (PTH), or both (CORT + PTH),
and of their withdrawal (CORT-rec and CORT + PTH-rec), on the osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB
ligand (RANKL) localization and expression and on histomorphometric parameters in primary and secondary spongiosa of rat femur
and tibia metaphyses. In the secondary spongiosa of the CORT group, the bone remodeling and the OPG/RANKL mRNA ratio decreased.
In the PTH group, the bone turnover and the structural and connectivity indices increased, and the OPG/RANKL mRNA ratio fell;
this ratio rose, however, in the primary spongiosa. In the CORT + PTH group, remodeling values intermediate between those
of the CORT and PTH groups, were detected in the secondary spongiosa, where OPG and RANKL mRNA rose. Return towards control
values was found in the recovery groups. The Cartilage Growth Plate Width was reduced in the CORT and CORT + PTH groups and
returned to normal values in the recovery groups, while it was not affected by PTH. Independently of treatments, both OPG
and RANKL mRNA and proteins were co-localized in the same cartilage and bone cells and in several bone marrow cells. In conclusion,
the catabolic effects induced by CORT treatment occur together with an OPG fall and a RANKL rise. In the PTH group in which
the bone turnover increase, the OPG and RANKL mRNA expressions differ in the primary and secondary spongiosa, confirming that
the bone tissue in these sites can have different metabolic trends. 相似文献
74.
Alessandro Di Stefano Marialisa Scatà Aurelio La Corte Pietro Liò Emanuele Catania Ermanno Guardo Salvatore Pagano 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
Nature shows as human beings live and grow inside social structures. This assumption allows us to explain and explore how it may shape most of our behaviours and choices, and why we are not just blindly driven by instincts: our decisions are based on more complex cognitive reasons, based on our connectedness on different spaces. Thus, human cooperation emerges from this complex nature of social network. Our paper, focusing on the evolutionary dynamics, is intended to explore how and why it happens, and what kind of impact is caused by homophily among people. We investigate the evolution of human cooperation using evolutionary game theory on multiplex. Multiplexity, as an extra dimension of analysis, allows us to unveil the hidden dynamics and observe non-trivial patterns within a population across network layers. More importantly, we find a striking role of homophily, as the higher the homophily between individuals, the quicker is the convergence towards cooperation in the social dilemma. The simulation results, conducted both macroscopically and microscopically across the network layers in the multiplex, show quantitatively the role of homophily in human cooperation. 相似文献
75.
Stefania Vai Silvia Ghirotto Elena Pilli Francesca Tassi Martina Lari Ermanno Rizzi Laura Matas-Lalueza Oscar Ramirez Carles Lalueza-Fox Alessandro Achilli Anna Olivieri Antonio Torroni Hovirag Lancioni Caterina Giostra Elena Bedini Luisella Pejrani Baricco Giuseppe Matullo Cornelia Di Gaetano Alberto Piazza Krishna Veeramah Patrick Geary David Caramelli Guido Barbujani 《PloS one》2015,10(1)
In the period between 400 to 800 AD, also known as the period of the Barbarian invasions, intense migration is documented in the historical record of Europe. However, little is known about the demographic impact of these historical movements, potentially ranging from negligible to substantial. As a pilot study in a broader project on Medieval Europe, we sampled 102 specimens from 5 burial sites in Northwestern Italy, archaeologically classified as belonging to Lombards or Longobards, a Germanic people ruling over a vast section of the Italian peninsula from 568 to 774. We successfully amplified and typed the mitochondrial hypervariable region I (HVR-I) of 28 individuals. Comparisons of genetic diversity with other ancient populations and haplotype networks did not suggest that these samples are heterogeneous, and hence allowed us to jointly compare them with three isolated contemporary populations, and with a modern sample of a large city, representing a control for the effects of recent immigration. We then generated by serial coalescent simulations 16 millions of genealogies, contrasting a model of genealogical continuity with one in which the contemporary samples are genealogically independent from the medieval sample. Analyses by Approximate Bayesian Computation showed that the latter model fits the data in most cases, with one exception, Trino Vercellese, in which the evidence was compatible with persistence up to the present time of genetic features observed among this early medieval population. We conclude that it is possible, in general, to detect evidence of genealogical ties between medieval and specific modern populations. However, only seldom did mitochondrial DNA data allow us to reject with confidence either model tested, which indicates that broader analyses, based on larger assemblages of samples and genetic markers, are needed to understand in detail the effects of medieval migration. 相似文献
76.
Professor Dr. Ermanno Giglio-Tos 《Development genes and evolution》1923,100(1-2):344-384
Ohne ZusammenfassungVerdeutscht von cand. med.Z. Leitner, Berlin. 相似文献
77.
Prof. Dr. Ermanno Giglio-Tos 《Development genes and evolution》1924,100(3-4):517-541
78.
79.
Maria Conte Francesco Vasuri Giovanni Trisolino Elena Bellavista Aurelia Santoro Alessio Degiovanni Ermanno Martucci Antonia D’Errico-Grigioni Daniela Caporossi Miriam Capri Andrea B. Maier Olivier Seynnes Laura Barberi Antonio Musarò Marco V. Narici Claudio Franceschi Stefano Salvioli 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Human aging is associated with a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength and a concomitant fat accumulation in form of inter-muscular adipose tissue, causing skeletal muscle function decline and immobilization. Fat accumulation can also occur as intra-muscular triglycerides (IMTG) deposition in lipid droplets, which are associated with perilipin proteins, such as Perilipin2 (Plin2). It is not known whether Plin2 expression changes with age and if this has consequences on muscle mass and strength. We studied the expression of Plin2 in the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle of both healthy subjects and patients affected by lower limb mobility limitation of different age. We found that Plin2 expression increases with age, this phenomenon being particularly evident in patients. Moreover, Plin2 expression is inversely correlated with quadriceps strength and VL thickness. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon, we focused on IGF-1/p53 network/signalling pathway, involved in muscle physiology. We found that Plin2 expression strongly correlates with increased p53 activation and reduced IGF-1 expression. To confirm these observations made on humans, we studied mice overexpressing muscle-specific IGF-1, which are protected from sarcopenia. These mice resulted almost negative for the expression of Plin2 and p53 at two years of age. We conclude that fat deposition within skeletal muscle in form of Plin2-coated lipid droplets increases with age and is associated with decreased muscle strength and thickness, likely through an IGF-1- and p53-dependent mechanism. The data also suggest that excessive intramuscular fat accumulation could be the initial trigger for p53 activation and consequent loss of muscle mass and strength. 相似文献
80.
Olivieri C Ermini L Rizzi E Corti G Luciani S Marota I De Bellis G Rollo F 《PloS one》2012,7(3):e33792