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101.
Yi Yoonjung Fichtel Claudia Kim Erick Choe Jae C. 《International journal of primatology》2020,41(2):363-381
International Journal of Primatology - Agonistic intergroup interactions can cause individual costs such as physical injuries, increased physiological stress, and disrupted intragroup social... 相似文献
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Pierre L. van den Berghe Walker Connor A. H. M. Kirk‐Greene Robert Mahuta Robert Miles John Beattie 《Ethnic and racial studies》2013,36(4):484-498
Milton M. Gordon, HUMAN NATURE, CLASS AND ETHNICITY. London and New York, Oxford University Press, 1978, 302 pp., £6.50, $11.95 ($3.50 paper). June Teufel Dreyer, CHINA'S FORTY MILLIONS: MINORITY NATIONALITIES AND NATIONAL INTEGRATION IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Cambridge (Mass.) and London, Harvard University Press, 1976, 333 pp., £9.55. W. Stanford Reid (ed), THE SCOTTISH TRADITION IN CANADA. Toronto, McClelland & Stewart, 1976, xi + 324 pp., $12.55. I. H. Kawharu, MAORI LAND TENURE: STUDIES OF A CHANGING INSTITUTION. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1977, 362 pp., £13.50. David T. Wellman, PORTRAITS OF WHITE RACISM. London, Cambridge University Press, 1977, 254 pp., £9.50 (£4.00 paper). Lucy Mair, AFRICAN KINGDOMS. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1977, 151 pp., £3.95, (£1.95 paper). Roger Scott, NORTHERN IRELAND: THE POLITICS OF VIOLENCE. Canberra Series in Administrative Studies 2., Canberra College of Advanced Education, 1977, 84 pp., n.p. James A. Geschwender, CLASS, RACE AND WORKER INSURGENCY: THE LEAGUE OF BLACK REVOLUTIONARY WORKERS. London, Cambridge University Press, 1977, 249 pp., £8.50 (£3.50 paper). Crawford Young, THE POLITICS OF CULTURAL PLURALISM. Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1976. 560 pp., £13.60. D. C. R. A. Goonetilleke, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN BRITISH FICTION. London, Macmillan, 1977, 282 pp., £8.95. M. M. Mahood, THE COLONIAL ENCOUNTER. London, Rex Collings, 1977, 210 pp., £4.75. Brian V. Street, THE SAVAGE IN LITERATURE. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1975, 207 pp., £5.75. 相似文献
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Justin M. Greene Jennifer J. Lhost Paul J. Hines Matthew Scarlotta Max Harris Benjamin J. Burwitz Melisa L. Budde Dawn M. Dudley Ngoc Pham Brian Cain Caitlin E. Mac Nair Madelyn K. Weiker Shelby L. O'Connor Thomas C. Friedrich David H. O'Connor 《Journal of virology》2013,87(13):7382-7392
The live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVmac239Δnef is the most effective SIV/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine in preclinical testing. An understanding of the mechanisms responsible for protection may provide important insights for the development of HIV vaccines. Leveraging the uniquely restricted genetic diversity of Mauritian cynomolgus macaques, we performed adoptive transfers between major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-matched animals to assess the role of cellular immunity in SIVmac239Δnef protection. We vaccinated and mock vaccinated donor macaques and then harvested between 1.25 × 109 and 3.0 × 109 mononuclear cells from multiple tissues for transfer into 12 naive recipients, followed by challenge with pathogenic SIVmac239. Fluorescently labeled donor cells were detectable for at least 7 days posttransfer and trafficked to multiple tissues, including lung, lymph nodes, and other mucosal tissues. There was no difference between recipient macaques'' peak or postpeak plasma viral loads. A very modest difference in viral loads during the chronic phase between vaccinated animal cell recipients and mock-vaccinated animal cell recipients did not reach significance (P = 0.12). Interestingly, the SIVmac239 challenge virus accumulated escape mutations more rapidly in animals that received cells from vaccinated donors. These results may suggest that adoptive transfers influenced the course of infection despite the lack of significant differences in the viral loads among animals that received cells from vaccinated and mock-vaccinated donor animals. 相似文献
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Erick Francisco Rakotoniriana Mamy Rafamantanana Denis Randriamampionona Christian Rabemanantsoa Suzanne Urveg-Ratsimamanga Mondher El Jaziri Françoise Munaut Anne-Marie Corbisier Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq Stéphane Declerck 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2013,103(1):121-133
Thirty-one endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy leaves of Centella asiatica were screened in vitro for their ability to reduce the growth rate and disease incidence of Colletotrichum higginsianum, a causal agent of anthracnose. Isolates of Cohnella sp., Paenibacillus sp. and Pantoea sp. significantly stimulated the growth rate of C. higginsianum MUCL 44942, while isolates of Achromobacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., Microbacterium sp., Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas putida had no influence on this plant pathogen. By contrast, Bacillus subtilis BCA31 and Pseudomonas fluorescens BCA08 caused a marked inhibition of C. higginsianum MUCL 44942 growth by 46 and 82 %, respectively. Cell-free culture filtrates of B. subtilis BCA31 and P. fluorescens BCA08 were found to contain antifungal compounds against C. higginsianum MUCL 44942. Inoculation assays on in vitro-cultured plants of C. asiatica showed that foliar application of B. subtilis BCA31, three days before inoculation with C. higginsianum MUCL 44942, significantly reduced incidence and severity of the disease. The role of endophytic bacteria in maintaining the apparent inactivity of C. higginsianum MUCL 44942 in C. asiatica grown in the wild is discussed. 相似文献
109.
Jiandong Zheng Xixiang Huo Yang Huai Lin Xiao Hui Jiang John Klena Carolyn M. Greene Xuesen Xing Jigui Huang Shali Liu Youxing Peng Hui Yang Jun Luo Zhibin Peng Linlin Liu Maoyi Chen Hui Chen Yuzhi Zhang Danqin Huang Xuhua Guan Luzhao Feng Faxian Zhan Dale J. Hu Jay K. Varma Hongjie Yu 《PloS one》2016,11(3)
110.
Kristin M. Kleisner Michael J. Fogarty Sally McGee Analie Barnett Paula Fratantoni Jennifer Greene Jonathan A. Hare Sean M. Lucey Christopher McGuire Jay Odell Vincent S. Saba Laurel Smith Katherine J. Weaver Malin L. Pinsky 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Many studies illustrate variable patterns in individual species distribution shifts in response to changing temperature. However, an assemblage, a group of species that shares a common environmental niche, will likely exhibit similar responses to climate changes, and these community-level responses may have significant implications for ecosystem function. Therefore, we examine the relationship between observed shifts of species in assemblages and regional climate velocity (i.e., the rate and direction of change of temperature isotherms). The assemblages are defined in two sub-regions of the U.S. Northeast Shelf that have heterogeneous oceanography and bathymetry using four decades of bottom trawl survey data and we explore temporal changes in distribution, spatial range extent, thermal habitat area, and biomass, within assemblages. These sub-regional analyses allow the dissection of the relative roles of regional climate velocity and local physiography in shaping observed distribution shifts. We find that assemblages of species associated with shallower, warmer waters tend to shift west-southwest and to shallower waters over time, possibly towards cooler temperatures in the semi-enclosed Gulf of Maine, while species assemblages associated with relatively cooler and deeper waters shift deeper, but with little latitudinal change. Conversely, species assemblages associated with warmer and shallower water on the broad, shallow continental shelf from the Mid-Atlantic Bight to Georges Bank shift strongly northeast along latitudinal gradients with little change in depth. Shifts in depth among the southern species associated with deeper and cooler waters are more variable, although predominantly shifts are toward deeper waters. In addition, spatial expansion and contraction of species assemblages in each region corresponds to the area of suitable thermal habitat, but is inversely related to assemblage biomass. This suggests that assemblage distribution shifts in conjunction with expansion or contraction of thermal habitat acts to compress or stretch marine species assemblages, which may respectively amplify or dilute species interactions to an extent that is rarely considered. Overall, regional differences in climate change effects on the movement and extent of species assemblages hold important implications for management, mitigation, and adaptation on the U.S. Northeast Shelf. 相似文献