全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15172篇 |
免费 | 972篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
16147篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 102篇 |
2022年 | 183篇 |
2021年 | 390篇 |
2020年 | 304篇 |
2019年 | 315篇 |
2018年 | 386篇 |
2017年 | 353篇 |
2016年 | 533篇 |
2015年 | 813篇 |
2014年 | 873篇 |
2013年 | 1023篇 |
2012年 | 1303篇 |
2011年 | 1158篇 |
2010年 | 748篇 |
2009年 | 703篇 |
2008年 | 937篇 |
2007年 | 879篇 |
2006年 | 805篇 |
2005年 | 764篇 |
2004年 | 716篇 |
2003年 | 638篇 |
2002年 | 600篇 |
2001年 | 135篇 |
2000年 | 97篇 |
1999年 | 124篇 |
1998年 | 131篇 |
1997年 | 119篇 |
1996年 | 100篇 |
1995年 | 89篇 |
1994年 | 88篇 |
1993年 | 58篇 |
1992年 | 56篇 |
1991年 | 63篇 |
1990年 | 61篇 |
1989年 | 35篇 |
1988年 | 39篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 43篇 |
1984年 | 55篇 |
1983年 | 20篇 |
1982年 | 25篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 27篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 21篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 18篇 |
1969年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Tyrosination-detyrosination of tubulin and microtubules during the development of chick erythrocytes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Dante M. Beltramo Carlos A. Arce Héctor S. Barra 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1989,89(1):47-56
The protein composition of nuclear matrices containing different amount of DNA was examined. It was found that, in matrices containing 2% to 80% of total DNA, the quantity of DNA-bound proteins remains relatively constant varying from 10% to 15% of total nuclear proteins. Electrophoretic patterns do not differ substantially, but autoradiograms with in vitro
125I labelled proteins show quantitative variations in the actin content. Application of radioimmunoassay (RIA) enabled to determine the exact content of actin in GAT nuclei and nuclear matrices – 5 g/ml in nuclei, of which 50% are bound to DNA and 3001o being a component of the protein part of the nuclear matrix. These results are supported by electron microscopic data, where immunogold technique was performed on thin sections and spread material. The applied methods suggest that part of the nuclear actin is tightly bound (resistant to 2 M NaCI) to DNA and represents a component of the internal nuclear matrix. 相似文献
22.
Elyse Bissonnette Ouhida Benrezzak Prometeo Madarnas Carlos Brailovsky Vijai N. Nigam 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1988,27(3):272-277
Summary Three synthetic glycolipids, maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP), maltose hexastearate (MHS), and maltose hexalinoleate (MHL) prepared as nontoxic lipid A analogs, and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were assayed for their mitogenic activity using spleen lymphocytes in nine inbred mouse strains and three F1 hybrids. The MTP and LPS were also assayed for their ability to enhance plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses using sheep red blood cells as the antigen in th same inbred mouse strains and F1 hybrids, The mitogenic activity of synthetic glycolipids was several fold lower than that of LPS and MHL was inferior to MTP and MHS. DBA/2J was the most responsive strain for MTP and DBA/1J and C3H/HeJ the least. The mitogenic activity of MTP was generally in agreement with the PFC response stimulation by it. Lowdose cyclophosphamide treatment of mice synergized MTP for PFC response augmentation. Genetic studies on MTP mitogenicity revealed that 90% of responder DBA/2J X nonresponder C3H/HeJ F1 hybrids had intermediate mitogenic activity. Among F2, 73% had intermediate-high activity and 27% were nonmitogenic. Among F1 X C3H/HeJ backcrosses 11% had high, 56% intermediate, and 33% had no mitogenic activity, whereas, for the F1 X DBA/2J backcross, 14% had high, 36% intermediate, and 50% low or negligible activity. The data favored a single gene for MTP activation of immune cells.This work was supported, in part, by a grant from the National Cancer Institute of Canada, and by grant from the Cancer Research Society Inc. 相似文献
23.
H Suzuki Y Kondo A D Carlos J C Seidel 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1988,263(22):10974-10979
The effects of ionic strength, MgATP, and phosphorylation on the degradation rates of heavy meromyosin (HMM) by papain have been compared to their effects on the sedimentation coefficient (s20,w) to determine the relationship of the degradation rate to the equilibrium between the flexed and the extended forms (Suzuki, H., Stafford, W. F., Slayter, H. S., and Seidel, J. C. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 14810-14817). At 0.025 M NaCl, where HMM is predominantly in the flexed form, MgATP, Mg-adenylyl imidodiphosphate or MgADP reduce kH by 80-90%. MgATP exerts its optimal effect at this ionic strength, where at least 70% of HMM is flexed in the presence or absence of MgATP, suggesting that nucleotides reduce kH by decreasing the proteolytic susceptibility of the flexed form. At 0.5 M NaCl, where HMM is in the extended form, MgATP has no effect on kH. At low ionic strengths phosphorylation decreases kH but increases it in the presence of MgATP. Plots of kH against s20,w determined at various ionic strengths are linear, the data for phosphorylated and dephosphorylated HMM falling on the same line. Thus, raising the ionic strength or phosphorylating the 20-kDa light chain appears to alter kH by increasing the fraction of HMM in the extended form. The degradation rate of the 20-kDa light chain (kL) of dephosphorylated HMM responds to changes in ionic strength in essentially the same way as does kH, suggesting that the response of kL to changes in ionic strength can also be attributed to conversion of HMM to the extended form. However, kL for phosphorylated HMM measured in the presence of MgATP exhibits very little dependence on ionic strength. 相似文献
24.
We studied the behavior of the Poeciliid fishGambusia affinis after the introduction of 3 substances into their tank: a homogenization ofGambusia affinis, a homogenization of the Anabantid fishBetta splendens, and a blank made of distilled water. The response of the fish was measured as a change in their spatial distribution in
the tank after the introduction of the substance. Two sizes of fish were used, and theGambusia homogenization produced clear alarm reactions in both, the fish fleeing to the bottom of the tank. This is one of a few examples
available of recognition of alarm substances in non-ostariophysian fish. In addition, we found that the small fishes that
had recently been exposed to the alarm substance stayed in an ‘alert state’, in which they had an increased sensitivity to
mechanical and visual fright stimuli. 相似文献
25.
The sperm nuclei of Aulacomya ater, family Mitylidae, contain three proteins (X, Aa5 and Aa6) which are specific to this cell type coexisting with a set of five somatic-type histones. Information about the chromatin structure resulting from this kind of association is scarce. Therefore, we have probed the structure of this sperm chromatin through digestion with micrococcal nuclease in combination with salt fractionation. The data obtained have allowed us to propose a nucleosomal arrangement for this chromatin. However, two types of nucleosomes would be present in agreement with their protein components. 相似文献
26.
Glucocorticoids Potentiate the Prostaglandin E1 -Mediated Cyclic AMP Formation by a Cultured Murine Neuroblastoma Clone 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
The effect of steroid hormones on the prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)-mediated cyclic AMP formation by murine neuroblastoma clone N1E-115 was studied. Dexamethasone at submicromolar concentrations and corticosterone at micromolar concentrations (steroids with glucocorticoid activity) were able to modify the PGE1-mediated response whereas testosterone, progesterone, and estradiol each at 10 microM had no effect. Glucocorticoids added to the culture medium of N1E-115 cells produced an increase in the maximal response to PGE1 only after long-term (greater than or equal to 4 h) incubation with the hormone. Inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis blocked this effect of glucocorticoids. Basal activity of adenylate cyclase in treated cells was twofold higher than that in control cells, and this enzyme seemed to be the primary target for the hormone action, since the activity of 3':5'-cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and the binding of [3H]PGE1 to its receptors were not altered by glucocorticoid treatment. Our results indicate that glucocorticoids modulate receptor-mediated responses in cells of neural origin through a mechanism that involves induction of protein synthesis. 相似文献
27.
Photobiont cells of the lichen Evernia prunastri have completely been separated from their fungal partner by filtration through a bed of Sepharose 2B. Both mannitol and ribitol have been quantified by gas-liquid chromatography in the different steps of the isolation procedure. Absence of mannitol, which is exclusively produced by the mycobiont, has been used as the best probe to monitor isolation. 相似文献
28.
Carlos A. Braumann 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》1983,45(4):635-641
This paper reviews some recent advances in single population stochastic differential equation growth models. They are a natural way to model population growth in a randomly varying environment. The question of which calculus, Itô or Stratonovich, is preferable is addressed. The two calculi coincide when the noise term is linear, if we take into account the differences in the interpretation of the parameters. This clarifies, among other things, the controversy on the theory of niche limiting similarity proposed by May and MacArthur. The effects of correlations in the environmental fluctuations and statistical methods for estimating parameters and for prediction based on a single population trajectory are mentioned. Applications to fisheries, wildlife management and particularly to environmental impact assessment are now becoming possible and are proposed in this paper. 相似文献
29.
Carlos Gancedo 《Journal of bacteriology》1971,107(2):401-405
Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase was derepressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by incubation in media containing non-sugar carbon sources. Addition of glucose to a derepressed culture led to a rapid loss of the measurable activity of the enzyme. Fructose and mannose also produced inactivation, but 2-deoxyglucose was ineffective. Experiments with cycloheximide indicated that the inactivation does not require protein synthesis. It was also shown that the process is not energy-dependent. The reappearance of the enzyme was dependent on an energy source and was prevented by cycloheximide. These results suggest that fructose diphosphatase inactivation is irreversible and that reappearance of enzyme activity implies de novo synthesis. Screening of different genera of yeasts has shown that the inactivation of fructose diphosphatase is a relatively widespread phenomenon. 相似文献
30.
Biosynthesis of Riboflavine in Corynebacterium Species: the Purine Precursor 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Corynebacterium species lacks the ability to convert either xanthine or guanine to adenine. This defect and the use of the purine nucleoside antibiotic decoyinine, which blocks the conversion of xanthosine monophosphate --> guanosine monophosphate, permit an experimental design in which the interconversion of purines is largely prevented. Cultures of this organism were grown in the presence of decoyinine and various purine supplements. Data obtained by comparing the radioactivity incorporated from guanine-2-(14)C or xanthine-2-(14)C into bacterial guanine, xanthine, and riboflavine indicate that guanine or a close derivative of guanine is the purine precursor of riboflavine. 相似文献