排序方式: 共有126条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Arne B Gjuvsland Enikö Zörgö Jeevan KA Samy Simon Stenberg Ibrahim H Demirsoy Francisco Roque Ewa Maciaszczyk‐Dziubinska Magdalena Migocka Elisa Alonso‐Perez Martin Zackrisson Robert Wysocki Markus J Tamás Inge Jonassen Stig W Omholt Jonas Warringer 《Molecular systems biology》2016,12(12)
A major rationale for the advocacy of epigenetically mediated adaptive responses is that they facilitate faster adaptation to environmental challenges. This motivated us to develop a theoretical–experimental framework for disclosing the presence of such adaptation‐speeding mechanisms in an experimental evolution setting circumventing the need for pursuing costly mutation–accumulation experiments. To this end, we exposed clonal populations of budding yeast to a whole range of stressors. By growth phenotyping, we found that almost complete adaptation to arsenic emerged after a few mitotic cell divisions without involving any phenotypic plasticity. Causative mutations were identified by deep sequencing of the arsenic‐adapted populations and reconstructed for validation. Mutation effects on growth phenotypes, and the associated mutational target sizes were quantified and embedded in data‐driven individual‐based evolutionary population models. We found that the experimentally observed homogeneity of adaptation speed and heterogeneity of molecular solutions could only be accounted for if the mutation rate had been near estimates of the basal mutation rate. The ultrafast adaptation could be fully explained by extensive positive pleiotropy such that all beneficial mutations dramatically enhanced multiple fitness components in concert. As our approach can be exploited across a range of model organisms exposed to a variety of environmental challenges, it may be used for determining the importance of epigenetic adaptation‐speeding mechanisms in general. 相似文献
52.
Aoxue Wang Ning Xu Landén Florian Meisgen Warangkana Lohcharoenkal Mona St?hle Enik? Sonkoly Andor Pivarcsi 《PloS one》2014,9(7)
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignancy of epidermal keratinocytes that is responsible for approximately 20% of skin cancer-related death yearly. We have previously compared the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile of cSCC to healthy skin and found the dysregulation of miRNAs in human cSCC. In this study we show that miR-31 is overexpressed in cSCC (n = 68) compared to healthy skin (n = 34) and precancerous skin lesions (actinic keratosis, n = 12). LNA in situ hybridization revealed that miR-31 was specifically up-regulated in tumor cells. Mechanistic studies of inhibition of endogenous miR-31 in human metastatic cSCC cells revealed suppressed migration, invasion and colony forming ability, whereas overexpression of miR-31 induced these phenotypes. These results indicate that miR-31 regulates cancer-associated phenotypes of cSCC and identify miR-31 as a potential target for cSCC treatment. 相似文献
53.
Ralf Paus Enikő Bodó Arno Kromminga Wolfgang Jelkmann 《BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology》2009,31(3):344-348
Erythropoietin (EPO), long appreciated as the chief endocrine regulator of red blood cell formation, is now recognized to exert many additional functions outside the bone marrow. Thus, the quest is on to define the full range of EPO functions in the physiology and pathology of non‐hematopoietic tissues. Two recent studies in man and mice have highlighted the importance of the mammalian skin as one peripheral tissue with a previously unsuspected role in EPO biology; both, as a target and as a source of EPO. In addition, the skin has been proposed to function as an oxygen sensor. The present hypothesis essay critically reviews the currently available evidence for this and provides a unifying theoretical scenario for intracutaneous EPO functions and for a potential role of the skin in the control of EPO production. Mainly, we propose that the skin itself directly contributes to the up‐regulation of EPO plasma levels in response to hypoxia. 相似文献
54.
Virginie Licker Natacha Turck Enikö Kövari Karim Burkhardt Mélanie Côte Maria Surini‐Demiri Johannes A. Lobrinus Jean‐Charles Sanchez Pierre R. Burkhard 《Proteomics》2014,14(6):784-794
Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology spreads throughout the brain following a region‐specific process predominantly affecting the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta. SN exhibits a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons responsible for the major cardinal motor symptoms, along with the occurrence of Lewy bodies in the surviving neurons. To gain new insights into the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in PD, we studied postmortem nigral tissues dissected from pathologically confirmed PD cases (n = 5) and neurologically intact controls (n = 8). Using a high‐throughput shotgun proteomic strategy, we simultaneously identified 1795 proteins with concomitant quantitative data. To date, this represents the most extensive catalog of nigral proteins. Of them, 204 proteins displayed significant expression level changes in PD patients versus controls. These were involved in novel or known pathogenic processes including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, or cytoskeleton impairment. We further characterized four candidates that might be relevant to PD pathogenesis. We confirmed the differential expression of ferritin‐L and seipin by Western blot and demonstrated the neuronal localization of gamma glutamyl hydrolase and nebulette by immunohistochemistry. Our preliminary findings suggest a role for nebulette overexpression in PD neurodegeneration, through mechanisms that may involve cytoskeleton dynamics disruption. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000427 ( http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD000427 ). 相似文献
55.
Balázs Vajna Adrienn Nagy Enikő Sajben László Manczinger Nóra Szijártó Zsófia Kádár Diána Bordás Károly Márialigeti 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2010,86(1):367-375
Although oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) is a valuable food, cultivated worldwide on an industrial scale, still very little is known about the microbial dynamics
during oyster mushroom substrate preparation. Therefore, the characterization of the microbial dynamics by chemical and biological
tools was the objective of this study. During substrate preparation, enzymatic digestibility of the substrate improved by
77%, whereas the cellulose and hemicellulose to lignin ratios decreased by 9% and 19%, respectively. Fluorescein diacetate
hydrolysis reached its minimum value at the temperature maximum of the process during the composting phase and exceeded the
initial level at the end of the process. Fungal species played part in the initial mesophilic phase of the substrate preparation
process, but they disappeared after pasteurization in tunnels at constant elevated temperatures. Changes in the microbiota
showed a marked bacterial community succession during substrate preparation investigated by 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic
acid-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Mature samples represented the least variance, which
indicated the effect of the standardized preparation protocol. The relation between mushroom yield and the bacterial community
T-RFLP fingerprints was investigated, but the uniformity of mushroom yields did not support any significant correlation. 相似文献
56.
Zoltán Pataj István Ilisz Róbert Berkecz Enikő Forró Ferenc Fülöp Antal Péter 《Chirality》2010,22(1):120-128
High‐performance liquid chromatographic methods were developed for the separation of the enantiomers of 19 β‐lactams. The direct separations were performed on chiral stationary phases containing either amylose‐tris‐3,5‐dimethylphenyl carbamate, (Kromasil® AmyCoat? column) or cellulose‐tris‐3,5‐dimethylphenyl carbamate, (Kromasil® CelluCoat? column) as chiral selector. The different methods were compared in systematic chromatographic examinations. The separations were carried out with good selectivity and resolution. The AmyCoat? and CelluCoat? columns appear to be highly complementary. The best separations of bi‐ and tricyclic β‐lactam stereoisomers were obtained with the AmyCoat? column, whereas the 4‐aryl‐substituted β‐lactams were better separated on the CelluCoat? column. The elution sequence was determined in all cases; no general rule could be established. Chirality 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
57.
58.
Péter Török Enikő Vida Balázs Deák Szabolcs Lengyel Béla Tóthmérész 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2011,20(11):2311-2332
Grasslands used to be vital landscape elements throughout Europe. Nowadays, the area of grasslands is dramatically reduced,
especially in industrial countries. Grassland restoration is widely applied to increase the naturalness of the landscape and
preserve biodiversity. We reviewed the most frequently used restoration techniques (spontaneous succession, sowing seed mixtures,
transfer of plant material, topsoil removal and transfer) and techniques used to improve species richness (planting, grazing
and mowing) to recover natural-like grasslands from ex-arable lands. We focus on the usefulness of methods in restoring biodiversity,
their practical feasibility and costs. We conclude that the success of each technique depends on the site conditions, history,
availability of propagules and/or donor sites, and on the budget and time available for restoration. Spontaneous succession
can be an option for restoration when no rapid result is expected, and is likely to lead to the target in areas with high
availability of propagules. Sowing low-diversity seed mixtures is recommended when we aim at to create basic grassland vegetation
in large areas and/or in a short time. The compilation of high-diversity seed mixtures for large sites is rather difficult
and expensive; thus, it may be applied rather on smaller areas. We recommend combining the two kinds of seed sowing methods
by sowing low-diversity mixtures in a large area and high-diversity mixtures in small blocks to create species-rich source
patches for the spontaneous colonization of nearby areas. When proper local hay sources are available, the restoration with
plant material transfer can be a fast and effective method for restoration. 相似文献
59.
Enik? K. Magyari John Chapman Andrew S. Fairbairn Mark Francis Margarita de Guzman 《Vegetation History and Archaeobotany》2012,21(4-5):279-302
In this article, we discuss the Neolithic and Early Copper Age (ECA) part of two pollen records from the Middle Tisza Floodplain in association with the local archaeological settlement record. We address the hypothesis of Willis and Bennett (2004) that there was little human impact by farmers on the environment of SE Europe until the Bronze Age. Contrary to this hypothesis, our results show that small-scale agriculture and woodland clearance is already attestable in the earliest Neolithic in Eastern Hungary, there are signs of expanding scale of mixed farming in the Middle Neolithic and strong evidence for extensive landscape alterations with enhanced pasturing and mixed farming in the Late Neolithic (LN) and ECA. The main vegetation exploitation techniques in the alluvial plain of Sarló-hát were selective tree felling (mainly Quercus), coppicing (mainly Corylus and Ulmus) and woodland clearance to establish grazing pastures and small-scale crop farming. Comparison with other well-dated pollen diagrams from Eastern Hungary suggested that, in the Early and Middle Neolithic (8000–7000?cal.?b.p.), Corylus and Ulmus coppicing were probably frequent, while pastoral activities and associated woodland clearance is distinguished in the LN (7000–6500?cal.?b.p.). Our data also suggested a shift to moister summer conditions in the alluvium during the ECA, which may have contributed to a trend towards settlement dispersion and increased reliance on animal husbandry in the NE Hungarian Plain. 相似文献
60.
Shiliang Li Sevil Korkmaz Sivakkanan Loganathan Alexander Weymann Tamás Radovits Enik? Barnucz Kristóf Hirschberg Peter Hegedüs Yan Zhou Liang Tao Szabolcs Páli Gábor Veres Matthias Karck Gábor Szabó 《PloS one》2012,7(11)