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Gasparotti Emanuele Vignali Emanuele Quartieri Stefano Lazzeri Roberta Celi Simona 《Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology》2023,22(5):1697-1707
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - The acquisition of insights concerning the mechanobiology of aneurysmatic aortic tissues is an important field of investigation. The complete... 相似文献
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Marco Govoni Francesca Bonavita Lisa M. Shantz Carlo Guarnieri Emanuele Giordano 《Amino acids》2010,38(2):541-547
Myoblast differentiation into multinuclear myotubes implies the slow-down of their proliferative drive and the expression of myogenin, an early marker of myogenic differentiation. Natural polyamines—such as putrescine, spermidine and spermine—are low molecular weight organic polycations, well known as mediators involved in cell homeostasis. Many evidences in the literature point to their role in driving cellular differentiation processes. Here, we studied how polyamines may affect the differentiation of the myogenic cell line H9c2 into the muscle phenotype. Cell cultures were committed via a 7-day treatment with insulin which induced increase in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase, the first enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, consistent with myogenic differentiation. To evaluate the role of polyamines in the differentiation process, cells were transfected with a plasmid overexpressing a stable ornithine decarboxylase, under control of a constitutive promoter. Overexpressing cells spontaneously differentiate into myotubes, without the need for induction with insulin; multinuclear myotubes and myogenin expression were apparent within 2 days of confluency of cultures. Polyamine depletion—by means of α-difluoromethylornithine, an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase—abolished the differentiation process. These observations support the evidence that polyamines are a key step involved in differentiation of muscle cells. 相似文献
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Gheorghe Cojoc Emanuele Roscioli Lijuan Zhang Alfonso García-Ulloa Jagesh V. Shah Michael W. Berns Nenad Pavin Daniela Cimini Iva M. Toli? Juraj Gregan 《The Journal of cell biology》2016,212(7):767-776
Accurate chromosome segregation depends on proper kinetochore–microtubule attachment. Upon microtubule interaction, kinetochores are subjected to forces generated by the microtubules. In this work, we used laser ablation to sever microtubules attached to a merotelic kinetochore, which is laterally stretched by opposing pulling forces exerted by microtubules, and inferred the mechanical response of the kinetochore from its length change. In both mammalian PtK1 cells and in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, kinetochores shortened after microtubule severing. Interestingly, the inner kinetochore–centromere relaxed faster than the outer kinetochore. Whereas in fission yeast all kinetochores relaxed to a similar length, in PtK1 cells the more stretched kinetochores remained more stretched. Simple models suggest that these differences arise because the mechanical structure of the mammalian kinetochore is more complex. Our study establishes merotelic kinetochores as an experimental model for studying the mechanical response of the kinetochore in live cells and reveals a viscoelastic behavior of the kinetochore that is conserved in yeast and mammalian cells. 相似文献
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Nunzio Vicario Federica M. Spitale Daniele Tibullo Cesarina Giallongo Angela M. Amorini Grazia Scandura Graziana Spoto Miriam W. Saab Simona DAprile Cristiana Alberghina Renata Mangione Joshua D. Bernstock Cirino Botta Massimo Gulisano Emanuele Buratti Giampiero Leanza Robert Zorec Michele Vecchio Michelino Di Rosa Giovanni Li Volti Giuseppe Lazzarino Rosalba Parenti Rosario Gulino 《Cell death & disease》2021,12(7)
Motoneuronal loss is the main feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, although pathogenesis is extremely complex involving both neural and muscle cells. In order to translationally engage the sonic hedgehog pathway, which is a promising target for neural regeneration, recent studies have reported on the neuroprotective effects of clobetasol, an FDA-approved glucocorticoid, able to activate this pathway via smoothened. Herein we sought to examine functional, cellular, and metabolic effects of clobetasol in a neurotoxic mouse model of spinal motoneuronal loss. We found that clobetasol reduces muscle denervation and motor impairments in part by restoring sonic hedgehog signaling and supporting spinal plasticity. These effects were coupled with reduced pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrogliosis, reduced muscle atrophy, and support of mitochondrial integrity and metabolism. Our results suggest that clobetasol stimulates a series of compensatory processes and therefore represents a translational approach for intractable denervating and neurodegenerative disorders.Subject terms: Biochemistry, Diseases of the nervous system, Glial biology, Physiology 相似文献