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Following the analysis of the biochemical and functional properties of the P. mirabilis extra cellular matrix performed in the first part of this study, the viscoelasticity of an actively growing colony was investigated in relation to water activity. The results demonstrate that the P. mirabilis colony exhibits a marked viscoelastic character likely due to both cell rafts and exoproduct H-bond networks. Besides, the water loss by evaporation during migration has been measured, whereas the experimental determination of the water diffusion coefficient in agar has allowed us to estimate the net water influx at the agar/colony interface. These data drive us to propose that a periodic increase of the water activity at the colony's periphery, mainly due to the drastic surface to volume ratio increase associated with swarming, causes the periodic and synchronous cessation of migration through the dissociation of exoproduct networks, which in turn strongly alters the matrix viscoelasticity. 相似文献
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Frantz Alain C. Viglino Andrea Wilwert Elodie Cruz Ana-Paula Wittische Julian Weigand Alexander M. Buijk Jacky Nyssen Pierrette Dekeukeleire Daan Dekker Jasja J.A. Horsburgh Gavin J. Schneider Simone Lang Mara Caniglia Romolo Galaverni Marco Schleimer Anna Bücs Szilárd-Lehel Pir Jacques B. 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2022,31(3):925-948
Biodiversity and Conservation - In the European Union, all bat species are strictly protected and member states must ensure their conservation. However, if populations are genetically structured,... 相似文献
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Effects of nutrients and warming on Planktothrix dynamics and diversity: a palaeolimnological view based on sedimentary DNA and RNA
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Olga Savichtcheva Didier Debroas Marie Elodie Perga Fabien Arnaud Clément Villar Emilie Lyautey Amy Kirkham Cécile Chardon Benjamin Alric Isabelle Domaizon 《Freshwater Biology》2015,60(1):31-49
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High osmolarity glycerol response PtcB phosphatase is important for Aspergillus fumigatus virulence
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Lizziane K. Winkelströter Vinícius Leite Pedro Bom Patrícia Alves de Castro Leandra Naira Zambelli Ramalho Maria Helena S. Goldman Neil Andrew Brown Ranjith Rajendran Gordon Ramage Elodie Bovier Thaila Fernanda dos Reis Marcela Savoldi Daisuke Hagiwara Gustavo H. Goldman 《Molecular microbiology》2015,96(1):42-54
Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungal pathogen that is capable of adapting to different host niches and to avoid host defenses. An enhanced understanding of how, and which, A. fumigatus signal transduction pathways are engaged in the regulation of these processes is essential for the development of improved disease control strategies. Protein phosphatases are central to numerous signal transduction pathways. To comprehend the functions of protein phosphatases in A. fumigatus, 32 phosphatase catalytic subunit encoding genes were identified. We have recognized PtcB as one of the phosphatases involved in the high osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) pathway. The ΔptcB mutant has both increased phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK (SakA) and expression of osmo‐dependent genes. The ΔptcB strain was more sensitive to cell wall damaging agents, had increased chitin and β‐1,3‐glucan, and impaired biofilm formation. The ΔptcB strain was avirulent in a murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. These results stress the importance of the HOG pathway in the regulation of pathogenicity determinants and virulence in A. fumigatus. 相似文献
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Emilie Blanc Patrick Wagner Fabrice Plaisier Martine Schmitt Thierry Durroux Jean-Jacques Bourguignon Michel Partiseti Elodie Dupuis Frederic Bihel 《Analytical biochemistry》2015
Ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) are considered as attractive protein targets in the search for new therapeutic agents. Nowadays, this strategy involves the capability to screen large chemical libraries. We present a new Tag-lite ligand binding assay targeting LGICs on living cells. This technology combines the use of suicide enzyme tags fused to channels of interest with homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) as the detection readout. Using the 5-HT3 receptor as system model, we showed that the pharmacology of the HALO-5HT3 receptor was identical to that of the native receptor. After validation of the assay by using 5-HT3 agonists and antagonists of reference, a pilot screen enabled us to identify azelastine, a well-known histamine H1 antagonist, as a potent 5-HT3 antagonist. This interesting result was confirmed with electrophysiological experiments. The method described here is easy to implement and could be applicable for other LGICs, opening new ways for the screening of chemical libraries. 相似文献
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I-Ching Sam Yvonne C. F. Su Yoke Fun Chan Siti Sarah Nor'E Ardalinah Hassan Faizatul Lela Jafar Udayan Joseph Rebecca A. Halpin Elodie Ghedin Poh Sim Hooi Mathieu Fourment Hamimah Hassan Sazaly AbuBakar David E. Wentworth Gavin J. D. Smith 《Journal of virology》2015,89(18):9689-9692
Influenza B virus causes significant disease but remains understudied in tropical regions. We sequenced 72 influenza B viruses collected in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 1995 to 2008. The predominant circulating lineage (Victoria or Yamagata) changed every 1 to 3 years, and these shifts were associated with increased incidence of influenza B. We also found poor lineage matches with recommended influenza virus vaccine strains. While most influenza B virus lineages in Malaysia were short-lived, one circulated for 3 to 4 years. 相似文献
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The identification of a Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in the adult vertebrate central nervous system has paved the way to the characterization of the functional roles of Shh signals in normal and diseased brain. This morphogen is proposed to play a key role in the establishment and maintenance of adult neurogenic niches and to modulate the proliferation of neuronal or glial precursors. Consistent with its role during embryogenesis, alteration of Shh signaling is associated with tumorigenesis while its recruitment in damaged neural tissue might be part of the regenerating process. We will discuss the most recent data of the Hedgehog pathway in the adult brain and its relevance as a novel therapeutic approach for brain diseases including brain tumors. 相似文献
59.
Fenpropimorph and fenhexamid impact phosphorus translocation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fenpropimorph and fenhexamid are sterol biosynthesis inhibitor (SBI) molecules widely used to control diseases in agriculture.
Both molecules, at increasing concentrations, have been shown to impact on the non-target arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi.
Root colonization, spore production and mycelium architecture, including the branched absorbing structures which are thought
to be involved in phosphorus (P) uptake, were affected. In the present study, we investigated the capacity of Glomus sp. MUCL 43204 to take up, transfer and translocate labelled P to Medicago truncatula in the presence of these SBI molecules. We used a strict in vitro cultivation system associating an autotrophic plant of
M. truncatula with the AM fungus. In addition, the effects of both SBI molecules on the proportion of hyphae with alkaline phosphatases
(ALP), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and on the expression of the mycorrhiza-specific plant phosphate transporter
MtPT4 gene were examined. We demonstrated that the two SBI molecules impacted the AM fungus. This was particularly evidenced
for fenpropimorph. A decrease in P transport and ALP and SDH activities associated with the extraradical mycelium and MtPT4 expression level was noted. These three factors were closely related to the development of the AM fungus, suggesting a direct
impact not only on the AM fungal growth but also on the physiology and metabolic activities of the AM fungus. These results
further emphasized the interest on the autotrophic in vitro culture system as an alternative to pot experiments to investigate
the mechanisms behind the impact of disease control molecules on the non-target AM fungal symbionts. 相似文献
60.
Gazanion E Vergnes B Seveno M Garcia D Oury B Ait-Oudhia K Ouaissi A Sereno D 《Parasitology international》2011,60(1):19-24
To improve the management of leishmaniasis, new drugs and/or alternative therapeutic strategies are required. Combination therapy of antileishmanial drugs is currently considered as one of the most rational approaches to lower treatment failure rate and limit drug resistance spreading. Nicotinamide (NAm), also known as vitamin B3 that is already is used in human therapy, exerts in vitro antileishmanial activity. Drug combination studies, performed on L. infantum axenic amastigotes, revealed that NAm significantly improves the antileishmanial activity of trivalent antimony in a synergistic manner while it shows additive activity with amphotericin B and slightly antagonizes pentamidine activity. NAm also significantly increases the toxicity of pentavalent antimony against the intracellular forms of L. infantum, L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The potential of NAm to be used as adjuvant during leishmaniasis chemotherapy is further discussed. 相似文献