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51.
Sensory interaction and sensory adaptation in short- and long-lasting space flights (SF) and the dynamics of stability of adaptive shifts were studied by the phenomenology of spontaneous and visually induced illusory reactions. It was shown that perceptive impairment developed during the initial adaptation to microgravity should be considered regular reactions of sensory systems under given environmental conditions rather than special features of the individuals examined. The classification of spontaneous illusory reactions (SIR) under conditions of microgravity and the results of investigation of the vertical vection (vection is a visual illusion evoked by the optokinetic stimulation) are presented. The following previously unknown phenomena were registered for the first time: inversion of the vertical vection illusion (VVI) evoked by vertical and sinusoidal optokinetic stimulation, impairment of perception of the body schema during VVI, change in the character of VVI, and development of VVI asymmetry. During long-lasting existence under conditions of weightlessness the anomalous perceptive reactions continued to be registered episodically (the period of adaptation was replaced by that of deadaptation). A hypothesis was suggested for the possible mechanisms of the phenomena found. [Translated from Fiziologiya Cheloveka, vol. 21, no. 4, p. 50-62, July-August, 1995] 相似文献
52.
Dis3, implicated in mitotic control, binds directly to Ran and enhances the GEF activity of RCC1. 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
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E Noguchi N Hayashi Y Azuma T Seki M Nakamura N Nakashima M Yanagida X He U Mueller S Sazer T Nishimoto 《The EMBO journal》1996,15(20):5595-5605
Using the two-hybrid method, we isolated a Saccharomyces cerevisiae cDNA encoding a protein homologous to Schizosaccharomyces pombe protein Dis3sp, using as bait, human GTPase Ran. The DIS3 gene is essential for viability and complements S.pombe mutant dis3-54 which is defective in mitosis. Although Dis3sc has no homology to RanBP1, it bound directly to Ran and the S.cerevisiae Ran homologue Cnr1, but not to the S.cerevisiae RCC1 homologue Srm1. Upon binding to Ran with a 1:1 molar ratio, Dis3sc enhanced a nucleotide-releasing activity of RCC1 on Ran. In the presence of Dis3sc, the K(m) of RCC1 on Ran decreased by half, while the kcat was unchanged. In vivo, Dis3sp was present as oligomers of M(r) 670-200 kDa as previously reported, and the 200 kDa oligomer of Dis3sp was found to include Spi1 and Pim1, the S.pombe homologues of Ran and RCC1, respectively. Although the biological function of the heterotrimeric oligomer consisting of Dis3, Spi1 and Pim1 is unknown, our results indicate that Dis3 is a component of the RCC1-Ran pathway. 相似文献
53.
Controlled ribonucleotide tailing of cDNA ends (CRTC) by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase: a new approach in PCR-mediated analysis of mRNA sequences. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Controlled ribonucleotide tailing of cDNA ends (CRTC) by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated technique that was developed to facilitate cloning and direct sequence analysis of complete 5'-terminal unknown coding regions of rare RNA molecules. In contrast with standard tailing protocols using dNTPs as the substrate, ribo-tailing of cDNA ends is easily controllable, self-limited (from two to four rNMP incorporations) and highly efficient (>98%). By virtue of the homopolymeric ribo-tail, the modified cDNA is anchored to the 3' overhang of a double-stranded DNA-adaptor in a T4 DNA ligase-dependent ligation. PCR amplification, mediated by two sequence-specific primers, yields the desired unique product suitable for cloning and dideoxy-sequencing. 相似文献
54.
55.
Gerard D. Schellenberg Haydeh Payami Ellen M. Wijsman Harry T. Orr Katrina A. B. Goddard Leojean Anderson Ellen Nemens June A. White M. Elisa Alonso Melvyn J. Ball Jeffrey Kaye John C. Morris Helena Chui A. Dessa Sadovnick Leonard L. Heston George M. Martin Thomas D. Bird 《American journal of human genetics》1993,53(3):619-628
Familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) is genetically heterogeneous. Two loci responsible for early-onset FAD have been identified: the amyloid precursor protein gene on chromosome 21 and the as-yet-unidentified locus on chromosome 14. The genetics of late-onset FAD is unresolved. Maximum-likelihood, affected-pedigree-member (APM), and sib-pair analyses were used, in 49 families with a mean age at onset ≥60 years, to determine whether the chromosome 14 locus is responsible for late-onset FAD. The markers used were D14S53, D14S43, and D14S52. The LOD score method was used to test for linkage of late-onset FAD to the chromosome 14 markers, under three different models: age-dependent penetrance, an affected-only analysis, and age-dependent penetrance with allowance for possible age-dependent sporadic cases. No evidence for linkage was obtained under any of these conditions for the late-onset kindreds, and strong evidence against linkage (LOD score ≤ –2.0) to this region was obtained. Heterogeneity tests of the LOD score results for the combined group of families (early onset, Volga Germans, and late onset) favored the hypothesis of linkage to chromosome 14 with genetic heterogeneity. The positive results are primarily from early-onset families. APM analysis gave significant evidence for linkage of D14S43 and D14S52 to FAD in early-onset kindreds (P < .02). No evidence for linkage was found for the entire late-onset family group. Significant evidence for linkage to D14S52, however, was found for a subgroup of families of intermediate age at onset (mean age at onset ≥60 years and <70 years). These results indicate that the chromosome 14 locus is not responsible for Alzheimer disease in most late-onset FAD kindreds but could play a role in a subset of these kindreds. 相似文献
56.
The rate of decay of genetic variation is determined for randomly mating autotetraploid populations of finite size, and the equilibrium homozygosity under mutation and random drift is calculated. It is shown that heterozygosity is lost at a slower rate than in diploid populations, and that the equilibrium heterozygosity with mutation and random drift is higher than for diploids. Outcrossing populations as well as populations that randomly self are analyzed. A method of comparing genetic variation between autotetraploid and diploid populations is proposed. Our treatment suggests that the ``gametic homozygosity' provides a unified approach for comparing genotypes within a population as well as comparing genetic variation between populations with different levels of ploidy. 相似文献
57.
Transfer of a marine DNA virus fromEctocarpus toFeldmannia (Ectocarpales,Phaeophyceae): aberrant symptoms and restitution of the host 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary The marine brown algaEctocarpus siliculosus is invaded by a polyhedric virus, whose genome consists of circular, double-stranded DNA. In laboratory experiments this virus can infect a different host species,Feldmannia simplex. InfectedFeldmannia plants show severe somatic malformations. However, no functional virus particles are formed. SuchFeldmannia plants recover to resume a normal, symptom-free appearance. This result raises the possibility of intergeneric gene transfer in the natural habitat. 相似文献
58.
J. Torabinejad R. J. Mueller 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,86(2-3):288-294
Summary Four hybrids were obtained between three Australian Elymus taxa and three cereal grains: wheat, rye, and barley. Mean meiotic metaphase-I configurations were 41.14 I, 0.42 rod II, 0.003 ring II, and 0.01 III for E. scabrus var plurinervis x Triticum aestivum (1 hybrid plant), 22.27 I, 2.63 rod II, 0.06 ring II, and 0.12 III for E. scabrus var scabrus x Secale cereale (4 hybrid plants), and 26.65 I, 0.66 rod II, 0.00 ring II, and 0.01 III for E. scabrus var plurinervis x Hordeum vulgare (13 hybrid plants). The I genome of barley also paired very little in a BIII hybrid of apomictic E. rectisetus x H. vulgare (2 hybrid plants). Megasporogenesis in this BIII hybrid was at least facultatively apomeiotic, with the same sort of nuclear elongation, apomeiotic division, and dyad formation seen previously in E. rectisetus itself. All four hybrid combinations were sterile. While spike morphology in the E. scabrus x T. aestivum and E. scabrus x H. vulgare hybrids were intermediate to their parents, E. scabrus x S. cereale and E. rectisetus x H. vulgare looked like their maternal parents. 相似文献
59.
60.
Taiye Winful Katie McCormack Elsa Mueller Lijuan Chen La Corporación Piñones Se Integra Maricruz Rivera Clemente Jada Benn Torres 《American journal of physical anthropology》2023,182(2):194-209