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101.
Background
The universal ribosomal protein S4 is essential for the initiation of small subunit ribosomal assembly and translational accuracy. Being part of the information processing machinery of the cell, the gene for S4 is generally thought of as being inherited vertically and has been used in concatenated gene phylogenies. Here we report the evolution of ribosomal protein S4 in relation to a broad sharing of zinc/non-zinc forms of the gene and study the scope of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of S4 during bacterial evolution. 相似文献102.
Background
Since the publication of the first draft of the human genome in 2000, bioinformatic data have been accumulating at an overwhelming pace. Currently, more than 3 million sequences and 35 thousand structures of proteins and nucleic acids are available in public databases. Finding correlations in and between these data to answer critical research questions is extremely challenging. This problem needs to be approached from several directions: information science to organize and search the data; information visualization to assist in recognizing correlations; mathematics to formulate statistical inferences; and biology to analyze chemical and physical properties in terms of sequence and structure changes. 相似文献103.
Collin Tokheim Xiaoqing Wang Richard T. Timms Boning Zhang Elijah L. Mena Binbin Wang Cynthia Chen Jun Ge Jun Chu Wubing Zhang Stephen J. Elledge Myles Brown X. Shirley Liu 《Molecular cell》2021,81(6):1292-1308.e11
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104.
Michael R. Lindstrom Manuel B. Chavez Elijah A. Gross-Sable Eric Y. Hayden David B. Teplow 《PLoS computational biology》2021,17(7)
Oligomers of the amyloid β-protein (Aβ) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) through their toxicity towards neurons. Understanding the process of oligomerization may contribute to the development of therapeutic agents, but this has been difficult due to the complexity of oligomerization and the metastability of the oligomers thus formed. To understand the kinetics of oligomer formation, and how that relates to the progression of AD, we developed models of the oligomerization process. Here, we use experimental data from cell viability assays and proxies for rate constants involved in monomer-dimer-trimer kinetics to develop a simple mathematical model linking Aβ assembly to oligomer-induced neuronal degeneration. This model recapitulates the rapid growth of disease incidence with age. It does so through incorporation of age-dependent changes in rates of Aβ monomer production and elimination. The model also describes clinical progression in genetic forms of AD (e.g., Down’s syndrome), changes in hippocampal volume, AD risk after traumatic brain injury, and spatial spreading of the disease due to foci in which Aβ production is elevated. Continued incorporation of clinical and basic science data into the current model will make it an increasingly relevant model system for doing theoretical calculations that are not feasible in biological systems. In addition, terms in the model that have particularly large effects are likely to be especially useful therapeutic targets. 相似文献
105.
Marisa R. Young Robert C. Bailey Elijah Odoyo-June Tracy E. Irwin Walter Obiero Dedan O. Ongong'a Jacinta A. Badia Kawango Agot Sherry K. Nordstrom 《PloS one》2012,7(10)
Background
Several sub-Saharan African countries plan to scale-up infant male circumcision (IMC) for cost-efficient HIV prevention. Little data exist about the safety of IMC in East and southern Africa. We calculated adverse event (AE) rate and risks for AEs associated with introduction of IMC services at five government health facilities in western Kenya.Methods
AE data were analyzed for IMC procedures performed between September, 2009 and November, 2011. Healthy infants aged ≤2 months and weighing ≥2.5 kg were eligible for IMC. Following parental consent, trained clinicians provided IMC services free of charge under local anesthesia using the Mogen clamp. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to explore AE risk factors.Findings
A total of 1,239 IMC procedures were performed. Median age of infants was 4 days (IQR = 1, 16). The overall AE rate among infants reviewed post-operatively was 2.7% (18/678; 95%CI: 1.4, 3.9). There was one severe AE involving excision of a small piece of the lateral aspect of the glans penis. Other AEs were mild or moderate and were treated conservatively. Babies one month of age or older were more likely to have an AE (OR 3.20; 95%CI: 1.23, 8.36). AE rate did not differ by nurse versus clinical officer or number of previous procedures performed.Conclusion
IMC services provided in Kenyan Government hospitals in the context of routine IMC programming have AE rates comparable to those in developed countries. The optimal time for IMC is within the first month of life. 相似文献106.
107.
The Paridris nephta group is revised (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Fifteen species are described, 14 of which are new: Paridris atroxTalamas, sp. n.(Yunnan Province, China), Paridris bununTalamas, sp. n.(Taiwan), Paridris ferusTalamas, sp. n.(Thailand), Paridris kagemonoTalamas, sp. n.(Japan), Paridris minatorTalamas, sp. n.(Laos, Thailand), Paridris mystaxTalamas, sp. n.(Laos, Thailand), Paridris nephta(Kozlov) (Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Far Eastern Russia), Paridris nilakaTalamas, sp. n.(Thailand), Paridris reptilisTalamas, sp. n.(Taiwan), Paridris rugulosusTalamas, sp. n.(Laos, Vietnam), Paridris solarisTalamas, sp. n.(Laos, Thailand, Vietnam), Paridris teresTalamas, sp. n.(Vietnam), Paridris toketokiTalamas, sp. n.(Taiwan), Paridris verrucosusTalamas, sp. n.(Guangdong Province, China), Paridris yakTalamas, sp. n.(Thailand). 相似文献
108.
Philippe Lashermes Marie-Christine Combes Caroline Ansaldi Elijah Gichuru Sandra Noir 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2011,27(2):223-232
The transfer of desired traits from related wild diploid Coffea species into the cultivated allotetraploid C. arabica is essential in coffee breeding to develop pest/disease-resistant cultivars. The present work is an attempt to gain insights
into alien introgression in C. arabica. An F2 population derived from a cross between T5296 and Et6 was analysed with simple sequence repeat (SSR; microsatellite)
and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) molecular markers. The T5296 is a derivative of an interspecific hybrid
introgressed by the diploid C. canephora species and Et6 is a wild Ethiopian accession of C. arabica. The origin of the revealed polymorphism was determined by comparisons using representative accessions from C. arabica and its two diploid parental species, C. eugenioides and C. canephora. The number and mode of inheritance of canephora-introgressed segments were investigated, as well as their sub-genome localisation and rate of recombination. The results
suggested that the transfer of desirable genes into C. arabica from C. canephora is not limited by the ploidy level differences or the suppression of recombination between the different genomes. 相似文献
109.
Laura M. Young John W. M. Marris Stephen M. Pawson 《New Zealand journal of zoology.》2013,40(4):323-330
Abstract The Canterbury knobbled weevil, Hadramphus tuberculatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytini), was once widespread in the Canterbury plains, foothills and fringing ranges, ranging from Oxford in the north to Waimate in the south. Habitat degradation, reduction in host plant numbers through grazing and predation by rodents are thought to be responsible for the decline in its numbers and distribution. In December 2004, more than 80 years since the last sighting of H. tuberculatus in 1922, a single individual was found at Burkes Pass Scenic Reserve. This paper records the rediscovery of H. tuberculatus, reviews the historical distribution records for H. tuberculatus, discusses them with respect to changes in host plant habitat in the eastern South Island, and suggests conservation strategies to protect this and other relictual populations that might be found in future. 相似文献
110.
Vici Varghese Elijah Wang Farbod Babrzadeh Michael H. Bachmann Rajin Shahriar Tommy Liu Svetlana Jean M. Mappala Baback Gharizadeh W. Jeffrey Fessel David Katzenstein Seble Kassaye Robert W. Shafer 《PloS one》2010,5(6)