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81.
M Mardani-Talaee J Razmjou G Nouri-Ganbalani M Hassanpour B Naseri 《Neotropical Entomology》2017,46(5):578-586
Myzus persicae (Sulzer) is a polyphagous aphid that causes chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, and reduce growth rate of the host plants. In this research, the effects of Zinc sulfate and vermicompost (30%), Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Glomus intraradices, G. intraradices × B. subtilis, and G. intraradices × P. fluorescens compared to control was investigated on the growth characters of Capsicum annuum L. and biological parameters of M. persicae. Different fertilizers caused a significant effect on growth characters of C. annuum and biological parameters of M. persicae. The highest plant growth was observed on Zinc sulfate and B. subtilis treated plants, and the lowest was on control. Increase in the amount of specific leaf area (SLA) (0.502 mm2 mg?1) was significantly higher in the B. subtilis than other fertilizer treatments. The longest (10.3 days) and the shortest (5.3 days) developmental times of M. persicae nymphs were observed on 30% vermicompost and Zinc sulfate treatments, respectively. The lowest adult longevity periods of M. persicae (11.2 and 11.3 days) were observed on G. intraradices × B. subtilis and 30% vermicompost treatments, respectively, and the longest ones (16.4 days) on Zinc sulfate. The highest rate of nymphal mortality and the lowest amount of nymphal growth index (NGI) were recorded on 30% vermicompost. The nymphs reared on Zinc sulfate treatment had the lowest rate of nymphal mortality and the highest amount of NGI. Thus, amending the soil with 30% vermicompost had a significantly negative effect on the biological parameters of M. persicae that can be used as an ecological control tactic for this pest. 相似文献
82.
Elham Safaei Masoume Mohseni Kabir Zvonko Jagli?i? Yong-Ill Lee 《Inorganica chimica acta》2011,366(1):275-282
A series of novel copper(II) complexes, L2Cu with newly synthesized 3,5--salicylaldimine (or 5--salicylaldimine) ligands derived from 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol (or 4-tert-butyl phenol) and alkyl (aryl) amines have been prepared and their spectroscopic (IR, UV-Vis, ESI-MS), X-ray, magnetic and redox properties have been investigated. The X-ray crystallography analysis shows that all complexes are monomeric and their copper(II) centers are surrounded by phenolate oxygens and imine nitrogen atoms. Therefore, the coordination sphere around the copper atoms is N2O2 as seen in galactose oxidase active site. In addition, the geometric configurations of all complexes are square planar or slightly distorted square planar. The crystal system for all complexes is monoclinic, except for which is orthorhombic. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility of complexes confirms the mononuclear structure of complexes. Oxidation of the Cu(II) complexes yielded the corresponding Cu(II)-phenoxyl radical species during the cyclic voltammetry experiments. 相似文献
83.
Olfactory learning may allow insects to forage optimally by more efficiently finding and using favourable food sources. Although
olfactory learning has been shown in bees, insect herbivores and parasitoids, there are fewer examples from polyphagous predators.
In this study, olfactory learning by a predatory coccinellid beetle is reported for the first time. In laboratory trials,
adults of the aphidophagous ladybird Coccinella septempunctata did not prefer the odour of one aphid-infested barley cultivar over another. However, after feeding on aphids for 24 h on
a cultivar, they preferred the odour of that particular cultivar. The mechanism appeared to be associative learning rather
than sensitisation. Although inexperienced ladybirds preferred the odour of an aphid-infested barley cultivar over uninfested
plants of the same cultivar, after feeding experience on a different cultivar this preference disappeared. This may indicate
the acquisition and replacement of olfactory templates. The odour blends of the different aphid-infested barley cultivars
varied qualitatively and quantitatively, providing a potential basis for olfactory discrimination by the ladybird. The results
show that predatory coccinellids can learn to associate the odour of aphid-infested plants with the presence of prey, and
that this olfactory learning ability is sensitive enough to discriminate variability between different genotypes of the same
plant. 相似文献
84.
Moeini MM Kiani A Mikaeili E Shabankareh HK 《Biological trace element research》2011,144(1-3):529-537
Forty heifers at the late stage of gestation were randomly assigned into five groups. Heifers were balanced for age, weight, and time of calving in each group. Four and 2?weeks before expected time of calving, the heifers were injected with 0?ml (C), 10?ml (T1), 20?ml (T2), 30?ml (T3), and 40?ml (T4) Se and VE supplements, respectively. Each milliliter of the supplement contained of 0.5?mg Se as sodium selenite and 50?IU of dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate. Blood samples were collected from the heifers 4?weeks before expected calving and at calving day and from the calves at birth and 7?days of age. The serum Se and immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations, white blood cell and differential leukocyte counts were measured. The Se concentrations in the sera of the heifers before the injections of Se and VE supplements were the same among the groups (P?>?0.05), but after calving were significantly increased in the treated heifers (P?0.05). Similarly, the serum Se levels of calves of the treated heifers were higher (P?0.05). The Se concentrations in the colostrums of the heifers were affected by treatments (P?0.05). Colostrum and daily milk productions at 8-week lactation were increased in treated heifers compared with the controls (P?0.05). Likewise, the milk somatic cell counts decreased in the treated heifers compared with the controls. The changes of the mean serum IgG levels did not differ among calves (P?>?0.05). The white blood cell counts were higher in calves of heifers in groups T3 and T4 compared with the control group at 7?days of age (P?0.05). 相似文献
85.
El Husseiny NM Said ES El Shahat Mohamed N Othman AI 《Biological trace element research》2011,143(3):1451-1460
The aim of this study was to confirm if there is a link between the alteration in blood levels of trace elements (chromium,
copper, lead, cadmium, and zinc) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in healthy and diabetic states. This study is
the first study to test these parameters in Egyptians. The study included 150 subjects divided into the following four groups:
healthy middle-aged, healthy elderly, middle-aged diabetics, and elderly diabetics. Our results revealed a statistically significant
decrease in the level of DHEAS in the elderly compared to middle-aged healthy and diabetic groups (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the middle-aged groups with respect to zinc, copper, chromium, and cadmium
levels. Zinc and copper were lower in the diabetic subjects while chromium and cadmium were higher in the same group in comparison
to healthy subjects. In the elderly groups, there were significant increases in chromium and cadmium levels in diabetic subjects
rather than healthy ones. There was a significant increase in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance level in the elderly
healthy and diabetic groups and a significant decrease in the glutathione level in the elderly groups. There was no correlation
between the levels of trace elements and DHEAS or between the levels of DHEAS, oxidants, and antioxidants in all of the tested
groups. In conclusion, only the DHEAS level was correlated with age. There was no difference between the diabetic and healthy
groups with respect to the levels of trace elements, with the exception of chromium and cadmium, which suggests the effect
of pollution on the pathogenesis of diabetes in Egyptians. No correlation existed between the levels of DHEAS and trace elements,
oxidants, and antioxidants. Finally, we believe that there is a large regional variation in the levels of trace elements due
to different environmental exposure and nutritional factors which are responsible for contradictory results regarding the
pathogenesis of diseases related to alterations in the levels of trace elements. 相似文献
86.
Rapid growth in the biotechnological industry and production has put tremendous pressure on the biological methods that may be used according to the guidelines of green chemistry. However, despite continuing dramatic increases in published research on organic biotransformation by microorganisms, more research exists with microalgae. Our efforts in transforming chemicals such as organic compounds for the production of functionalized products help to lessen the environmental effects of organic synthesis. These biotransformations convert organic contaminants to obtain carbon or energy for growth or as cosubstrates. This review aims to focus on the potential of microalgae in transformation, conversion, remediation, accumulation, degradation, and synthesis of various organic compounds. However, these technologies have the ability to provide the most efficient and environmentally safe approach for inexpensive biotransforming of a variety of organic contaminants, which are most industrial residues. In addition, the recent advances in microalgal bioactivity were discussed. 相似文献
87.
88.
Omid Aryani Masoumeh Dehghan Manshadi Mahdi Tondar Elham Khalili Behnam Kamalidehghan Fatemeh Ahmadipour Somayeh Fani Massoud Houshmand 《Molecular biology reports》2014,41(9):6211-6214
Pompe disease or glycogen storage disease type II is a glycogen storage disorder associated with malfunction of the acid α-glucosidase enzyme (GAA; EC.3.2.1.3) leading to intracellular aggregations of glycogenin muscles. The infantile-onset type is the most life-threatening form of this disease, in which most of patients suffer from cardiomyopathy and hypotonia in early infancy. In this study, a typical case of Pompe disease was reported in an Iranian patient using molecular analysis of the GAA gene. Our results revealed a new c.1824_1828dupATACG mutation in exon 13 of the GAA gene. In conclusion, with the finding of this novel mutation, the genotypic spectrum of Iranian patients with Pompe disease has been extended, facilitating the definition of disease-related mutations. 相似文献
89.
Age-stage,two-sex life table of the tomato looper,Chrysodeixis chalcites (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on different bean cultivars 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Solmaz Alami Bahram Naseri Ali Golizadeh Jabraeil Razmjou 《Arthropod-Plant Interactions》2014,8(5):475-484
The tomato looper, Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper), is one of the polyphagous pests of several economically crops worldwide. Two-sex life table parameters of C. chalcites reared on eight bean cultivars including white kidney bean (cultivars Daneshkadeh and Dehghan), red kidney bean (cultivars Goli and Naz), common bean (cultivars Khomein, Talash and Sadra) and cowpea (cultivar Mashhad) were studied under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5 % RH, a 16:8-h light–dark photoperiod). The shortest larval period of C. chalcites was 14.15 days on common bean Sadra. The longest and shortest development time of total preadult was on white kidney bean Daneshkadeh and common bean Sadra (25.77 and 23.42 days, respectively). The highest total fecundity was on common bean Sadra (674.4 eggs), and the lowest was observed on white kidney bean Daneshkadeh (136.7 eggs). The intrinsic rate of increase (r m ) ranged from 0.0976 to 0.1599 female/female/day, which was lowest on white kidney bean Daneshkadeh and highest on common bean Sadra. The net reproductive rate (R 0) was highest on common bean Sadra (265.82 offspring) and lowest on white kidney bean Daneshkadeh (46.88 offspring). The results revealed that the cultivar Daneshkadeh was unsuitable host to C. chalcites in comparison to the other cultivars tested. 相似文献
90.