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排序方式: 共有84条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
Anburaj Jeyaraj Tamilselvi Elango Xuan Chen Jing Zhuang Yuhua Wang Xinghui Li 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2023,24(10):1330-1346
The tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is susceptible to anthracnose disease that causes considerable crop loss and affects the yield and quality of tea. Multiple Colletotrichum spp. are the causative agents of this disease, which spreads quickly in warm and humid climates. During plant–pathogen interactions, resistant cultivars defend themselves against the hemibiotrophic pathogen by activating defence signalling pathways, whereas the pathogen suppresses plant defences in susceptible varieties. Various fungicides have been used to control this disease on susceptible plants, but these fungicide residues are dangerous to human health and cause fungicide resistance in pathogens. The problem-solving approaches to date are the development of resistant cultivars and ecofriendly biocontrol strategies to achieve sustainable tea cultivation and production. Understanding the infection stages of Colletotrichum, tea plant resistance mechanisms, and induced plant defence against Colletotrichum is essential to support sustainable disease management practices in the field. This review therefore summarizes the current knowledge of the identified causative agent of tea plant anthracnose, the infection strategies and pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides, anthracnose disease resistance mechanisms, and the caffeine-induced defence response against Colletotrichum infection. The information reported in this review will advance our understanding of host–pathogen interactions and eventually help us to develop new disease control strategies. 相似文献
62.
Rafii M Elango R Courtney-Martin G House JD Fisher L Pencharz PB 《Analytical biochemistry》2007,371(1):71-81
Total homocysteine (tHcy) and cysteine (tCys) concentrations in biological fluids are routinely used in the clinical diagnosis of genetic and metabolic diseases, and this necessitates the development of rapid and sensitive methods for quantification. Liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to measure tHcy and tCys in 23 plasma and 21 urine samples from healthy adults and 14 urine samples from healthy children. The results were compared with a standard high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the LC-MS/MS method ranged from 2.9% to 6.1% for the intraassay and 4.8% to 6.4% for the interassay. Mean recoveries were close to 100% for both plasma and urinary tHcy and tCys. The mean plasma tHcy and tCys concentrations in healthy adults were 8.62 and 261.40 micromol/L, respectively. The mean urinary tHcy and tCys in adults were 0.98 and 22.60 micromol/mmol creatinine, respectively. The mean urinary tHcy and tCys in children were 1.17 and 27.43 micromol/mmol creatinine, respectively. Bland-Altman difference plots of method comparison between LC-MS/MS and HPLC showed good agreement in plasma and urinary tHcy and tCys concentrations. Our method is suitable for rapid measurements, and the reported urinary values in children will help to develop a pediatric reference range for clinical use. 相似文献
63.
Arvind Panday Nicholas A. Willis Rajula Elango Francesca Menghi Erin E. Duffey Edison T. Liu Ralph Scully 《Molecular cell》2021,81(11):2428-2444.e6
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64.
65.
Park J Peng Z Zeng J Elango N Park T Wheeler D Werren JH Yi SV 《Molecular biology and evolution》2011,28(12):3345-3354
The functional and evolutionary significance of DNA methylation in insect genomes remains to be resolved. Nasonia is well situated for comparative analyses of DNA methylation and genome evolution, since the genomes of a moderately distant outgroup species as well as closely related sibling species are available. Using direct sequencing of bisulfite-converted DNA, we uncovered a substantial level of DNA methylation in 17 of 18 Nasonia vitripennis genes and a strong correlation between methylation level and CpG depletion. Notably, in the sex-determining locus transformer, the exon that is alternatively spliced between the sexes is heavily methylated in both males and females, whereas other exons are only sparsely methylated. Orthologous genes of the honeybee and Nasonia show highly similar relative levels of CpG depletion, despite ~190 My divergence. Densely and sparsely methylated genes in these species also exhibit similar functional enrichments. We found that the degree of CpG depletion is negatively correlated with substitution rates between closely related Nasonia species for synonymous, nonsynonymous, and intron sites. This suggests that mutation rates increase with decreasing levels of germ line methylation. Thus, DNA methylation is prevalent in the Nasonia genome, may participate in regulatory processes such as sex determination and alternative splicing, and is correlated with several aspects of genome and sequence evolution. 相似文献
66.
Black and green tea improves lipid profile and lipid peroxidation parameters in Wistar rats fed a high-cholesterol diet 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alshatwi AA Al Obaaid MA Al Sedairy SA Ramesh E Lei KY 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2011,67(1):95-104
In the present study, the efficacy of black tea (BT) and green tea (GT) was studied in relation to serum and hepatic oxidative
abnormalities in hypercholesterolemic rats. Hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats (8 week old) by feeding them
with a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 35 days. The experimental rats were given BT and GT as a supplement (7 g/L) via drinking
water. Increased hepatic and serum lipid profile along with abnormalities in oxidative marker, with a concomitant increase
in the body weight, food intake, and food efficiency, were seen in hypercholesterolemic rats. Following the supplementation
of BT and GT to rats fed with HCD, significantly lower levels of serum and hepatic cholesterol, triglycerides, serum low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were observed, when compared with hypercholesterolemic
group. Further, significantly lower levels in the serum and hepatic lipid peroxidation, body weight gain, and food efficiency
were observed in BT and GT group when compared with control and HCD fed group. However, no such significant changes were observed
in the food intake upon supplementation with BT and GT. These results suggest that supplementation of BT and GT may protect
against the serum and hepatic abnormalities in hypercholesterolemic rats. 相似文献
67.
Shiny C Krushna NS Babu S Elango S Manokaran G Narayanan RB 《Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur》2011,13(14-15):1221-1231
Wolbachia, an endosymbiont present in filarial nematodes, have been implicated in a variety of roles, including the worm development and survival. Elucidation of the role of Wolbachia in filarial nematode biology and pathogenesis has become the focus of many studies and its contribution to parasite survival or immune response is still unclear. Recombinant Wolbachia HSP60 decreases T cell activation and lymphoproliferation in filarial infected people compared to endemic controls as observed by the assessment of T cell activation markers and cytokine responses in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Reduced T cell activation may be linked to T regulatory cell activity since it is associated with increased expression of CTLA4 and CD25 on CD4(+) T cells in filarial infected group upon stimulation with recombinant Wolbachia HSP60. In addition, elevated interleukin-10 and TGF-β cytokines corroborate the reduced CD4(+) T cell activation and interferon-γ observed upon recombinant Wolbachia HSP60 stimulation in filarial patients. Hence, these findings indicate that Wolbachia HSP60 may also contribute to the immune modulation seen in filarial patients. 相似文献
68.
Mathew N Srinivasan L Karunan T Ayyanar E Muthuswamy K 《Journal of molecular modeling》2011,17(10):2651-2657
Eleven 1,4-naphthoquinone analogues with different amino substitutions at position 3 of the quinone ring earlier reported
for macrofilaricidal activity were selected and screened against purified cytosolic GST isolated from the bovine filarial
worm Setaria digitata and IC50 values were determined. Of the 11 compounds tested, 8 showed good inhibition against S. digitata GST. The IC50 values of the most effective macrofilaricidal compounds—11 [2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)naphthalene-1,4-dione] and 9 {2-[(1,3-dimethylbutyl)amino]naphthalene -1,4-dione}—were 0.872 and 0.994 mM, respectively. Compounds 9 and 11 were further studied for type of enzyme inhibition and found to exhibit competitive and uncompetitive inhibition kinetics,
respectively, with respect to substrate GSH. All 11 compounds were in agreement with Lipinski’s rule of five and passed through
the FAFDrugs ADME/tox filter. Molecular docking was carried out using the modeled 3D structure of wbGST PDB ID:1SFM as receptor and substituted naphthoquinones as ligands using AutoDock 4.0. The binding energy of nine compounds
varied from −9.15 to −6.58 Kcal mol−1, whereas compounds 8 and 10 did not show any binding to the receptor. Among the compounds studied, compound 7 {2-[3-(diethylamino) propyl]aminonaphthalene-1,4-dione} showed maximum affinity towards wbGST as it exhibited the lowest binding energy, followed by compounds 11 and 9. However compound 7 was not macrofilaricidal while 11 and 9 exhibited macrofilaricidal activity. The results of in silico and in vitro studies with the synthesized 1,4 -naphthoquinone
analogues on filarial GST and in vitro macrofilaricidal activity against adult bovine filarial worm S. digitata open up a promising biochemical target for antifilarial drug development. 相似文献
69.
K. M. Ramkumar C. Manjula B. Elango K. Krishnamurthi S. Saravana Devi P. Rajaguru 《Cell proliferation》2013,46(3):263-271
Objectives
Gymnema montanum Hook, an Indian Ayurvedic medicinal plant, is used traditionally to treat a variety of ailments. Here, we report anti‐cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of ethanolic extract of G. montanum (GLEt) on human leukaemia HL‐60 cells, compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Materials and methods
HL‐60 cells were treated with different concentrations of GLEt (10–50 μg/ml) and cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay. Levels of lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase‐3 were measured. Further, apoptosis was studied using annexin‐V staining and the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results
GLEt had a potent cytotoxic effect on HL‐60 cells (IC50‐20 μg/ml), yet was not toxic to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Exposure of HL‐60 cells to GLEt led to elevated levels of malonaldehyde formation, but to reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities (P < 0.05). Induction of apoptosis was confirmed by observing annexin‐V positive cells, associated with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 was observed in GLEt‐treated HL‐60 cells, indicating its potential at inducing their apoptosis.Conclusions
Findings of the present study suggest that G. montanum induced apoptosis in the human leukaemic cancer cells, mediated by collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, generation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of intracellular antioxidant potential.70.
J. Y. Al-Aama B. Banaganapalli D. Aljeaid K. Bakhur P. K. Verma J. Al-Ata R. Elango N. A. Shaik 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2018,54(8):975-984
Noonan syndrome (NS) is a very rare heterogenous genetic disorder often characterized by short stature, facial dysmorphisms, congenital heart defects and learning disabilities in affected children. In the current study, we sought to discover the disease causal mutations, inherited or de novo, for Noonan Syndrome among Arab patients. We screened the coding regions and splice sites of 10 known RAS/MAP Kinase pathway genes in 17 NS-trios and 100 random healthy volunteers by oilgonucleotide chip testing and Sanger sequencing methods. We found pathogenic heteroallelic de novo mutations in BRAF or PTPN11 gene in 7/17 (41.17%) of NS patients. None of the 200 chromosomes of healthy volunteers had those pathogenic mutations. Genotype-phenotype analysis showed positive correlation between BRAF and PTPN11 gene mutations and classical NS clinical manifestations. Characteristic facies is the major observed clinical manifestation among PTPN11-mutation positive cases (c.236A>G, c.854T>C, c.923A>G), whereas both characteristic facies and ectodermal manifestations are seen as dominant clinical features among BRAF-mutation positive cases (c.730A>C, c.770A>G, c.1406G>A). In addition to genotyping and clinical phenotyping, we performed computational structural analysis to examine the impact of amino acid substitution mutations on the conformation and folding of BRAF and PTPN11 proteins. Our results suggested that BRAF (c.730A>C, c.770A>G, c.1406G>A) and PTPN11 (c.236A>G, c.854T>C, c.923A>G) gene mutations elicits structural and functional alterations at protein level, which would eventually lead to dysregulation of RAS-MAPK signaling cascade, which plays critical a role in cell cycle and senescence. In conclusion, our study suggest that molecular screening of BRAF and PTPN11 genetic mutations in Arab NS patients may assist in deriving competitive outcomes related to clinical phenotyping and disease diagnosis. 相似文献