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101.
Furuichi T Tatsumi H Sokabe M 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2008,366(3):758-762
In the bright fields, stomata of the plants are fully opened to raise the transpiration rate and CO2 uptake required for photosynthesis. Stomatal opening is driven by the activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase and K+in channels, and the Ca2+-dependent inactivation and blockage of both components were supposed to be inevitable function to regulate the stomatal aperture. Although, it is still obscure how these activities are regulated at the open state. Application of an amphipathic membrane creator, trinitrophenol (TNP), instantly generates the convex curvature in the plasma membrane, which occurs in the phases of stomatal opening and closure. TNP surely activates mechanosensitive Ca2+-permeable channels and attenuates the promotion of stomatal opening, but does not inhibit and promote stomatal closure. These results suggest that activation of mechanosensitive Ca2+-permeable channels regulates the opening phase of stomata in plants. 相似文献
102.
Indirect double immunofluorescence labelling in the pharynx and lung of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, demonstrated the occurrence, distribution, and coexistence of two neuropeptides. In the pharynx, immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) were localized in nerve fibers distributed within and just beneath the ciliated epithelium. In the lung, CGRP and SP were localized in nerve fibers in five principal locations: 1) within the smooth muscle layer in the interfaveolar septa; 2) in the luminal thickened edges of the septa; 3) around the pulmonary vasculature; 4) within, and 5) under the ciliated epithelium. Within the smooth muscle layer in the septa, luminal thickened septa, and around blood vessels, almost all fibers showed coexistence of CGRP and SP. Within and just beneath the ciliated epithelium in the thickened septa, all fibers showed coexistence of CGRP and SP. No immunoreactivity for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, neuropeptide Y, galanin, somatostatin, FMRFamide, and leucine-and methionine-enkephalins was detected in the nerve fibers within the larynx and the lung. Together with our previous data, the present findings suggest that peptidergic mechanisms are involved in the regulation of amphibian respiratory systems throughout their life. 相似文献
103.
A male gametocyte osmiophilic body and microgamete surface protein of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii (PyMiGS) plays a critical role in male osmiophilic body formation and exflagellation
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Mayumi Tachibana Tomoko Ishino Eizo Takashima Takafumi Tsuboi Motomi Torii 《Cellular microbiology》2018,20(5)
Anopheles mosquitoes transmit Plasmodium parasites of mammals, including the species that cause malaria in humans. Malaria pathology is caused by rapid multiplication of parasites in asexual intraerythrocytic cycles. Sexual stage parasites are also produced during the intraerythrocytic cycle and are ingested by the mosquito, initiating gametogenesis and subsequent sporogonic stage development. Here, we present a Plasmodium protein, termed microgamete surface protein (MiGS), which has an important role in male gametocyte osmiophilic body (MOB) formation and microgamete function. MiGS is expressed exclusively in male gametocytes and microgametes, in which MiGS localises to the MOB and microgamete surface. Targeted gene disruption of MiGS in a rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL generated knockout parasites (ΔPyMiGS) that proliferate normally in erythrocytes and form male and female gametocytes. The number of MOB in male gametocyte cytoplasm is markedly reduced and the exflagellation of microgametes is impaired in ΔPyMiGS. In addition, anti‐PyMiGS antibody severely blocked the parasite development in the Anopheles stephensi mosquito. MiGS might thus be a potential novel transmission‐blocking vaccine target candidate. 相似文献
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Teiji Takechi Katsuhisa Koizumi Atsushi Azuma Masakazu Fukushima Katsutoshi Kobayashi Shinya Oda Katsuhiko Yanaga Leon Mullenders Peter Karran Masatsugu Ueda Yoshito Terai Minoru Ueki Masaru Sakamoto Aako Kondo Kiyohiko Miyake Yauko Koyamatsu Tsukasa Akiya Makoto Nakano Hiroshi Iwabuchi Tetsuya Muroya Yoshio Tenjin Kazunori Ochiai Tadao Tanaka Kyosuke Ymada Kazu Ueda Akihiko Misawa Aikou Okamoto Eizo Kimura Makoto Yasuda 《Human cell》2004,17(2):16-21
106.
To analyze regional differences in the embryonic mouse brain with respect to environmental influence on mitral cell neurites, olfactory bulb fragments were cultured on layers of brain cells which had been dissociated from various regions. Long mitral cell neurites elongated on paleocortex and neocortex cell layers, but not on the septum, mesencephalon, or diencephalon cell layers. Cell membranes prepared from the paleocortex and neocortex also supported outgrowth of long mitral cell neurites, but cell membranes prepared from the septum, mesencephalon, or diencephalon did not. The supportability of mitral cell neurites in the paleocortex and neocortex membranes was completely abolished by trypsin treatment. Neurite outgrowth of the mitral cells on poly-L -lysine was not inhibited by the mesencephalon or diencephalon membranes, but was promoted by the paleocortex and neocortex membranes. These results indicate that the paleocortex and neocortex regions selectively express membrane-bound factors which promote neurite outgrowth of mitral cells. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Neurobiol 32: 415–425, 1997. 相似文献
107.
Fumihiro Fujiki Yoshihiro Oka Mai Kawakatsu Akihiro Tsuboi Hiroko Nakajima Olga A. Elisseeva Yukie Harada Zheyu Li Naoko Tatsumi Eriko Kamino Toshiaki Shirakata Sumiyuki Nishida Yuki Taniguchi Ichiro Kawase Yusuke Oji Haruo Sugiyama 《Microbiology and immunology》2008,52(12):591-600
The Wilms' tumor gene WT1 is overexpressed in various tumors, and the WT1 protein has been demonstrated to be an attractive target antigen for cancer immunotherapy. A WT1 protein‐derived 16‐mer peptide, WT1332 (KRYFKLSHLQMHSRKH), which was naturally generated through processing in cells and could elicit Th1‐type CD4+ helper T cell responses with an HLA‐DRB1*0405‐restriction has previously been identified by us. In the present study, it has been demonstrated that WT1332 can induce WT1332‐specific CD4+ T cell responses with the restriction of not only HLA‐DRB1*0405 but also HLA‐DRB1*1501, ‐DRB1*1502, or ‐DPB1*0901. These HLA class II‐restricted WT1332‐specific CD4+ T cell lines produced IFN‐γ but neither IL‐4 nor IL‐10 with WT1332 stimulation, thus showing a Th1‐type cytokine profile. Furthermore, HLA‐DRB1*1501 or ‐DRB1*1502‐restricted WT1332‐specific CD4+ T cell lines responded to WT1‐expressing transformed cells in an HLA‐DRB1‐restricted manner, which is consistent with our previous finding that WT1332 is a naturally processed peptide. These results indicate that the natural peptide, WT1332, is a promiscuous WT1‐specific helper epitope. WT1332 is expected to apply to cancer patients with various types of HLA class II as a WT1‐specific helper peptide in combination with HLA class I‐restricted WT1 peptides. 相似文献
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