全文获取类型
收费全文 | 93234篇 |
免费 | 282篇 |
国内免费 | 812篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 11850篇 |
2017年 | 10677篇 |
2016年 | 7456篇 |
2015年 | 588篇 |
2014年 | 279篇 |
2013年 | 294篇 |
2012年 | 4211篇 |
2011年 | 12817篇 |
2010年 | 11997篇 |
2009年 | 8226篇 |
2008年 | 9778篇 |
2007年 | 11357篇 |
2006年 | 252篇 |
2005年 | 509篇 |
2004年 | 966篇 |
2003年 | 1017篇 |
2002年 | 777篇 |
2001年 | 253篇 |
2000年 | 161篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 37篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 246篇 |
1971年 | 274篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1965年 | 13篇 |
1962年 | 24篇 |
1956年 | 5篇 |
1944年 | 12篇 |
1940年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
A Neuro-Comparative Study between Single/Successive Thorium Dose Intoxication and Alginate Treatment
Mohamed M. Rezk 《Biological trace element research》2018,185(2):414-423
The adult male albino rats were grouped into five groups (control group and four variably treated groups with thorium (Th) in single or successive with or without alginate treatment). The IP administration of thorium nitrate (13.6 mg/kg b.wt.) induced a regional distribution and accumulation ordered as cerebellum > cerebral cortex > brain stem > hippocampus > hypothalamus > striatum. Also, it induces a significant increase in Na+, Ca2+, and Fe3+ ion content and malondialdehyde (MDA) level while K+ ions and glutathione (GSH) level were significantly decreased. On the other hand, the daily oral administration of 5% alginate showed a significant decreasing in the accumulation of thorium in the different brain areas and mitigated its hazardous effects. By the alginate treatment, Na+, Ca2+, Fe3+, and level of MDA were declined while K+ ions and GSH level showed a significant increase. The improvement of the investigated parameters was attributed to the specific chelating, regeneration, and antioxidant properties of the alginate. So, alginate administration could ameliorate the hazardous effects of thorium nitrate. 相似文献
72.
Background
Evolution of parasite traits is inextricably linked to their hosts. For instance one common definition of parasite virulence is the reduction in host fitness due to infection. Thus, traits of infection must be viewed in both protagonists and may be under shared genetic and physiological control. We investigated these questions on the oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsis (= parasitica), a natural pathogen of the Brassicaceae Arabidopsis thaliana. 相似文献73.
Jill S. Marty James P. Higham Elizabeth L. Gadsby Caroline Ross 《International journal of primatology》2009,30(6):807-823
Sexual selection has driven the evolution and elaboration of a wide variety of displays and ornaments in male nonhuman primates,
including capes, cheek flanges, and sexual coloration. Among the most sexually dimorphic of all primates is the drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus), the males of which can be 3 times the mass of females, possess large canines, and exhibit extremely bright sexual skin
coloration. However, the function of male coloration in this species has never been examined. Here, we present data on male
color (measured objectively using digital photography), dominance rank, measures of male-female association, and key sexual
behaviors, of adult male drills (n = 17) living in four semi free-ranging enclosures at the Drill Rehabilitation and Breeding Center in Nigeria. We test the
hypothesis that male coloration is a badge of status, indicating dominance rank, and the hypothesis that male coloration attracts
females. We found that male coloration did indicate rank, and that high ranking, strongly colored males were more likely to
associate with adult females, and more specifically with fully tumescent females. These males also engaged in more sexual
activity. However, measures of male-female association and sexual behaviors were not related to male color once rank had been
taken into consideration; i.e., for males of a given rank, females did not prefer those that were more colorful. We discuss
the results in light of what is known about the wild drill social system, in which unfamiliar individuals may come together
in “supergroups,” and in which quality indicators of competitive ability may be particularly important. 相似文献
74.
75.
Se-Chan Kim Alexander Ghanem Heidi Stapel Klaus Tiemann Pascal Knuefermann Andreas Hoeft Rainer Meyer Christian Grohé Anne A Knowlton Georg Baumgarten 《BMC physiology》2007,7(1):5
Backgound
It has been reported that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficiency reduces infarct size after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). However, measurement of MI/R injury was limited and did not include cardiac function. In a chronic closed-chest model we assessed whether cardiac function is preserved in TLR4-deficient mice (C3H/HeJ) following MI/R, and whether myocardial and systemic cytokine expression differed compared to wild type (WT). 相似文献76.
77.
78.
Craig B. H. Surman David W. Goodman 《Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders》2017,9(3):161-168
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental syndrome that often persists into adulthood. It is possible that different criteria are necessary for older adults than younger adults: the manifestations of ADHD could change with age; other conditions with onset in later life share presenting symptoms with ADHD; different contextual challenges and patterns of compensatory support may exist. For these reasons, we reviewed evidence for the validity of DSM ADHD criteria in adulthood for individuals over the age of 50. Specifically, we evaluated evidence that the DSM criteria for ADHD identify a valid syndrome in older adults based on clinical presentation, laboratory or testing findings, absence of alternate diagnosis to explain symptoms, course of the syndrome, or familial presence of the condition. We found evidence that various ADHD criteria identify subjects with clinical presentations similar to that seen in younger adults, but only 92 well-described cases have been reported in the literature. ADHD traits also may be less common in the general population of older adults than in younger adults, suggesting that the threshold for an atypical burden of ADHD traits may be lower in older populations. Future research can establish a richer basis for validity of diagnostic criteria for ADHD in older adults. 相似文献
79.
Olga Maslova Oleg Fedevych Nadiia Shuvalova Olena Deryabina Volodymyr Zhovnir Miroslav Novak Peter Kruzliak 《Cell and tissue banking》2016,17(2):335-339
The need for selection of the optimal material for the manufacturing of cardio-patches can be resolved by the use of cryostored autologous pericardial tissue. This short communication is a concise fragment of a large-scale research and demonstrates only the efficiency of cell culturing before and after pericardial preservation in the low temperature conditions. 相似文献
80.
Aino Juslén Juha Pykälä Saija Kuusela Lauri Kaila Jaakko Kullberg Jaakko Mattila Jyrki Muona Sanna Saari Pedro Cardoso 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2016,25(3):569-585
For the first time ever, the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List Index for habitat types was calculated for an entire country, Finland. The RLIs were based on species threat assessments from 2000 and 2010 and included habitat definitions for all 10,131 species of 12 organism groups. The RLIs were bootstrapped to track statistically significant changes. The RLI changes of species grouped by habitats were negative for all habitat types except for forests and rural biotopes which showed a stable trend. Trends of beetles and true bugs were positive in rural and forest habitats. Other 16 observed trends of species group and habitat combinations were negative. Several trends observed were in accordance with studies focusing on particular taxa and habitats, and drivers for their change. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the RLI as a tool for observing habitat change based on species threat assessment data. 相似文献