黄连体细胞胚胎发生及植株再生

黄连(Coptis chinensis F.)是我国著名常用中药,具有清热燥湿,凉血解毒的功用。长期以来由于过量的采挖,造成野生资源亏缺。在人工栽培中,由于黄连种子小,休眠期长,出苗不整齐,生长缓慢,要6—7年才能收获,因而限制了黄连的生产。对黄连的研究,过去主要集中于黄连的有效成份分析及药物学方面。近年来日本T. Furuya等开展了应用黄连细胞大量培     

Fe-Co杂化血红蛋白E11-Val甲基质子~1H NMR谱峰归属及蛋白溶液构象的研究

在500MHz~1H NMR仪上对HbA,CoHb和对称与不对称的Fe-Co杂化血红蛋白在去氧和一氧化碳配位时环形电流效应对蛋白Ell-Val甲基共振峰的影响进行了研究,将-1.0ppm峰归属于β(Co)的二个甲基质子,-1.55ppm和-2.35ppm的峰归属于α(Co)γ_1CH_3和γ_2CH_3,-1.15ppm与-2.05ppm的峰归属为α(Fe-Co)的γ_1CH_3与α_2CH_3共振峰,-1.52ppm与-2.15ppm的峰指定为β(Fe-Co)的γ_1CH_3与γ_2CH_3.根据归属对蛋白在去氧和一氧化碳配位时其溶液构象变化进行了研究,发现CO配位于β(Fe)比配位于α(Fe)使E11-Val甲基质子化学位移发生更大改变.     

作为抗病毒治疗因子的Ribozyme

病毒功能和复制的专一性抑制是医学上的一个主要难题.这种困难主要是基于这种事实即不象细菌一样,病毒是存在于细胞内的,它们遗传信息的复制和表达取决于某些寄主功能.病毒功能抑制因子也经常对寄主有反作用,特别是长时间的使用以后.这是真的,即使当病毒生活史中的一个唯一过程是药物靶子也是如此.适当的例子是逆转录酶(RT),它是所有逆转录病毒复制所需的一种病毒酶.核苷类似物叠氮胸苷(通常称作AZT)是HIV-1 RT的一种有效抑制剂.虽然RT在细胞中没有酶学功能类似物,但AZT抑制DNA聚合物和RNase H活性,尽管它们有很高的浓度.用AZT长时间的治疗最终导致毒性副作用,这就限制了该药物的应用.     

人源性流行性出血热病毒的形态特征

本文报道流行性出血热病毒(汉坦病毒)H-114株的电镜形态。发现形态发生以内质网膜和胞浆膜芽生为主。病毒颗粒为圆形或卵圆形。具有双层膜结构,大小为90～120nm。提出了汉坦病毒形态发生的理论观点。     

类杆菌5-硝基咪唑抗性质粒pIP419的研究

5-硝基咪唑类药物广泛应用于厌氧菌感染症的临床治疗,近几年厌氧菌5-硝基咪唑抗性菌株的报道有所增加。本文介绍分离自类杆菌的编码抗5-硝基咪唑抗性质粒pIP419的研究结果。pIP419分子量为10kb,已建立了限制性内切酶物理图谱。该质粒可通过接合和转化在不同的菌种或菌株间转移。质粒上负责质粒复制和转移的基因片段已被定位和克隆。     

一株人抗人A—血型物质单克隆抗体特异性的研究

本文对一株人抗人A-血型物质单克隆抗体,用定量免疫沉淀法以及ELISA研究其与多种单糖、双糖及寡糖的反应性,从而确定了其结合部位的结构特异性。实验发现其结合部位互补于含有双分子岩藻糖残基的A-t糖:这一研究进一步强调了含有双分子岩藻糖残基的A血型抗原决定簇的重要性。     

PP333采前处理对芒果后熟、品质及贮藏的影响

PP333(Paclobutrazol)是一种强烈的生长延缓剂,已知对多种水果的成熟有关。本试验旨在探明PP333作采前处理对芒果釆后成熟特性、酶活性以及果实品质的影响。 用印度勒克瑙北部平原园艺研究所试验农场的15年生Dashehari芒果嫁接树为试材,于1987年10月15日花芽分化期和1988年5月13日采前20天,用脚动喷雾器喷施浓度为250、500、1000、2000和3000mg/l的PP333至药液从植株滴下为止。每个处理均加入0.1％Teepol作为表面活性剂,对照树仅喷含0.1％Teepol的水溶液。试验采用随机     

Arabidopsis Mutants Lacking Blue Light-Dependent Inhibition of Hypocotyl Elongation

We have isolated a new class of photomorphogenic mutants in Arabidopsis. Hypocotyl elongation is not inhibited in the mutant seedlings by continuous blue light but is inhibited by far red light, indicating that these mutations are phenotypically different from the previously isolated long hypocotyl (hy) mutants. Complementation analysis indicated that recessive nuclear mutations at three genetic loci, designated blu1, blu2, and blu3, can result in the blu mutant phenotype and that these mutants are genetically distinct from other long hypocotyl mutants. The BLU genes appear to be important only during seedling development because the blu mutations have little effect on mature plants, whereas hypocotyl elongation and cotyledon expansion are altered in seedlings. The genetic separation of the blue and far red sensitivities of light-induced hypocotyl inhibition in the blu and hy mutants demonstrates that two photosensory systems function in this response.     

The limits of crop productivity: validating theoretical estimates and determining the factors that limit crop yields in optimal environments

Plant scientists have sought to maximize the yield of food crops since the beginning of agriculture. There are numerous reports of record food and biomass yields (per unit area) in all major crop plants, but many of the record yield reports are in error because they exceed the maximal theoretical rates of the component processes. In this article, we review the component processes that govern yield limits and describe how each process can be individually measured. This procedure has helped us validate theoretical estimates and determine what factors limit yields in optimal environments.     

Activation of microcarrier-attached lymphocytes in microgravity

A technology has been developed to achieve optimal attachment of adhesion-independent lymphocytes to microcarrier beads. The activation of T-lymphocytes by concanavalin A was tested under microgravity conditions in an experiment carried out in space during the first Spacelab Life Science Mission. Activation, measured as the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the production of interferon-gamma, more than doubled in attached lymphocytes in microgravity. The depression of the activation discovered in previous space experiments is due to an impairment not of the lymphocyte but of the macrophage function. The system described here may be useful for radiobiological investigations on the effect of high-energy particles and for testing the efficiency of the immune system in humans during the long-duration space flight planned in the future. The biotechnological significance of the increased lymphokine production in space remains to be assessed.