Genomic clones of a wild-type allele and a transposable element-induced mutant allele of the sucrose synthase gene of Zea mays L

In an attempt to isolate the transposable genetic element Ds from Zea mays L., we cloned DNA fragments hybridizing to a cDNA clone derived from the sucrose synthase gene in a λ vector (λ::Zm Sh). The fragments cloned from wild-type and from the Ds-induced mutant sh-m5933 (λ::Zm sh-m5933) share a segment 6 kb long while a contiguous segment of 15 kb of λ::Zm sh-m5933 (mutant-derived DNA) does not hybridize to the DNA segment cloned from the wild-type. Restriction maps are given, and the junction point between the two DNA segments in the mutant clone was determined. Hybridization of DNA fragments, present in the wild-type DNA of λ::Zm Sh, but not in the mutant clone, λ::Zm sh-m5933, to genomic DNA of sh-m5933 showed that no part of this DNA is deleted. It cannot be said whether the DNA found in the mutant, but not in the wild-type clone, has been brought there by Ds insertion or by another Ds-dependent DNA rearrangement. The mutant-derived DNA was hybridized to genomic DNA of various maize lines digested by several restriction endonucleases. Approximately 40 bands were detected. The mutant-derived DNA contains two pairs of inverted repeats several hundred nucleotide pairs long, one of which is located at the junction to wild-type-derived DNA.     

Functional expression of individual plasmid-coded RNA bacteriophage MS2 genes

The genes of the RNA-containing bacteriophage MS2 were individually inserted into thermoinducible expression plasmids under control of the phage λ P_L promoter. Three phage-coded proteins (A-protein, coat protein, and replicase) were expressed at high efficiency. Induced cultures specifically complemented superinfecting amber mutants of phage MS2. Regulatory mechanisms operative during the natural infection cycle of the phage were reproduced by the plasmid expression system.     

Allgemeine Mikrobiologie

本书第一版于1969年问世以来,已出了4次增订版,还出了俄文版、西班牙文版和波兰文版。特点是内容全面系统,论述简明扼要,附图清新,深入浅出,堪称图文并茂。本书不仅对于微生物学的教、学均极有益,也是与微生物学有关专业的师生和研究工作者了解普通微生物学基本知识的良师益友。     

Site binding as a local equilibrium. Mn2+ binding to poly(acrylic acid) as a function of the degree of ionization

Mn2+ binding to poly(acrylic acid) at different degrees of ionization, alpha, has been studied from the frequency dependence of the water protons' relaxation rates T1(-1) and T2(-1). Site binding is treated as an equilibrium with the concentration of free ions at the immediate vicinity (CIV) of the polyion. The CIV is calculated as the solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation at the surface of the cylindrical polyion. A single value of K is shown to fit the results at all values of alpha. The amount of site binding is higher than the total amount of condensed divalent counterions predicted for a finite polyion concentration in the presence of monovalent counterions by Manning's theory.     

Defective Histone Transition during Spermiogenesis in Heterozygous SEGREGATION DISTORTER Males of DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Males of Drosophila melanogaster that are heterozygous for the segregation distorter (SD) chromosome produce a gross excess of SD-bearing offspring because most of the non-SD-bearing sperm are dysfunctional. These dysfunctional sperm exhibit abnormalities in chromatin condensation and compaction during spermiogenesis. Use of the fluorescent dye sulfoflavine, which is specific for basic proteins, has now revealed that the dysfunctional sperm are also defective in the normal transition from somatic to spermatid-specific histones.     

植物生理学的几个转折阶段及其在现代科学和实践中的地位

在实验生物学科中,植物生理占有较为特殊的地位,这是因为它有比较悠久的历史和大量的发现和成果。确实,如果从1790年Priestley发现光合作用时算起,植物生理学作为研究植物生活过程的科学,它的历史已经靠近200年了。在这段漫长的时间里,植物生理学并非没有成果的。这些成果有:作为物质与能量的基本改造者的光合作用以及嗣后呼吸作用的发现,植物对矿质营养元素需求的阐明;豆科和某些其他植物能与     

高比强〔r-32P〕ATP的合成

高比强〔r—~(32)p〕ATP是核酸结构功能研究中常用标记化合物,它在DNA重组、分子杂交和核酸的结构分析中起着重要作用。下面我们从《Methods in Enzymology》Vol 65摘译合成高比强〔r—~(32)p)ATP的方法供大家参考。 10倍浓度反应液(贮于-20℃,每100μl为一份):     

Influence of light on the heat sensitivity of the photosynthetic apparatus in isolated spinach chloroplasts

The most heat-sensitive functions of chloroplasts in Spinacia oleracea L. including the stromal carboxylation reaction, the light-induced electrical field gradient across the thylakoid membrane, as well as the overall photosynthetic CO₂ fixation were less affected by heat if chloroplasts were heated in the light: 50% inactivation occurred around 35°C in the dark and around 40°C in the light. Relative low light intensities were sufficient to obtain optimal protection against heat. In contrast, the light-induced ΔpH across the thylakoid membrane, the photophosphorylation, and the photochemical activity of photosystem II which were less sensitive to heat in the dark (50% inactivation above 40°C) were not protected by light. Photosystem II even was destabilized somewhat by light.

The effect of light on the heat sensitivity of the water-splitting reaction was dependent on the pH in the medium. Protection by light only occurred at alkaline pH, in which case heat sensitivity was high (50% inactivation at 33°C in the dark and at 38°C in the light). Protection was prevented by uncouplers. At pH 6.8 when the heat sensitivity was low in any case (50% inactivation at 41°C in the dark), light had no further protecting effect.

Protection by light has been discussed in terms of light-induced transport of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid space and related ion fluxes.