Computerized topographical analysis of functionally homogeneous neuronal sets.

A computer-assisted analysis of the spatial distribution of neurons having homogeneous characteristics is described in this paper. The camera lucida drawings of sections of a brain nucleus and the points representing the neurons labeled on the basis of a specific behavior of discharge rates were digitized on a personal computer Amiga 2000 or IBM compatible. Our software provided: a) the computerized, stereotaxically oriented reconstruction of the stored sections and of the plotted neurons; b) the identification within each section of the mass center (MC) of the units sharing a given behavior and of the area where the density of such neurons was maximal (MDA). The routine was tested on the spatial distribution of neuronal responses to serotonin in the lateral vestibular nucleus.     

Assay of 1L-myo-inositol-1-phosphatase using a fluorometric method.

1L-myo-Inositol-1-phosphatase, an enzyme purified from brain tissues, catalyzes the dephosphorylation of 1L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate. This enzyme has become the subject of intense research interest, since myo-inositol is needed for the resynthesis of phosphatidylinositol. We have developed a sensitive fluorometric assay for detecting the activity of 1L-myo-inositol-1-phosphatase. The assay is based on o-aminobenzoyl beta-glycerophosphate fluorescence, according to the following principles: (I) The fluorescence yield of o-aminobenzoyl beta-glycerophosphate is increased by 2.75-fold in the presence of saturating concentrations of bovine serum albumin. (II) o-Aminobenzoyl beta-glycerophosphate has the same fluorescence yield as o-aminobenzoyl glycerol, but the latter does not bind to bovine serum albumin. (III) Dephosphorylation of the substrate, catalyzed by the monophosphatase, makes less o-aminobenzoyl beta-glycerophosphate available for binding to bovine serum albumin, thereby producing a decrease in the fluorescence intensity.     

Clinical adaptation of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the assay of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate in human plasma

Vitamin B6, measured as pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), is a co-enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway of homocysteine metabolism. Since depletion of PLP has been suggested as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, PLP is frequently measured to guide patient care. By a change and utilization of an Aquasil C18 column and the addition of an acetonitrile clean-up gradient to the potassium phosphate, with sodium perchlorate and bisulfite buffer between samples we report the modification of a previously described method for analysis of PLP. The result is a more practical, efficient, reliable and robust method for daily clinical use. We also determined and report that it is critical to protect freshly prepared standard PLP samples from light exposure during assay preparation.     

The participation of the striatum in the central regulation of gonadal hormonal function]

Intrastriatal corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) was shown to induce a decrease in the plasma tectosterone concentration. Besides, the 6-OHDA pre-treatment completely prevented the suppression of plasma testosterone in response to intrastriatal CRH administration. The findings suggest that the striatum is involved in the extrahypothalamic regulation of the gonadal endocrine function.     

Pharmakogenetik der oralen Antikoagulation mit Cumarinen

The recent identification of VKORC1 has made important contributions to our understanding of the vitamin K cycle. The VKORC1 enzyme was shown to be the molecular target of coumarin drugs. Mutations and polymorphisms in coding and noncoding regions of the VKORC1 gene have been shown to cause both a partial to total coumarin resistance and coumarin sensitivity. Availability of molecular diagnostics (VKORC1, CYP2C9) and drug monitoring by HCPLC (determination of coumarin, vitamin K, and vitamin K epoxide levels) is helpful for detecting hereditary and acquired factors influencing coumarin therapy. In the future, these tools may be instrumental in designing individualized oral anticoagulation therapy regimens.