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51.
Lonneke Smeding Jan Willem Kuiper Frans B Pl?tz Martin CJ Kneyber AB Johan Groeneveld 《Respiratory research》2013,14(1):92
Background
Mechanical ventilation (MV) may cause ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and may thereby contribute to fatal multiple organ failure. We tested the hypothesis that injurious MV of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pre-injured lungs induces myocardial inflammation and further dysfunction ex vivo, through calcium (Ca2+)-dependent mechanism.Materials and methods
N = 35 male anesthetized and paralyzed male Wistar rats were randomized to intratracheal instillation of 2 mg/kg LPS or nothing and subsequent MV with lung-protective settings (low tidal volume (Vt) of 6 mL/kg and 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)) or injurious ventilation (high Vt of 19 mL/kg and 1 cmH2O PEEP) for 4 hours. Myocardial function ex vivo was evaluated in a Langendorff setup and Ca2+ exposure. Key mediators were determined in lung and heart at the mRNA level.Results
Instillation of LPS and high Vt MV impaired gas exchange and, particularly when combined, increased pulmonary wet/dry ratio; heat shock protein (HSP)70 mRNA expression also increased by the interaction between LPS and high Vt MV. For the heart, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)1 and Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 mRNA expression increased, and ventricular (LV) systolic pressure, LV developed pressure, LV +dP/dtmax and contractile responses to increasing Ca2+ exposure ex vivo decreased by LPS. High Vt ventilation aggravated the effects of LPS on myocardial inflammation and dysfunction but not on Ca2+ responses.Conclusions
Injurious MV by high Vt aggravates the effects of intratracheal instillation of LPS on myocardial dysfunction, possibly through enhancing myocardial inflammation via pulmonary release of HSP70 stimulating cardiac TLR2, not involving Ca2+ handling and sensitivity. 相似文献52.
53.
CJ Cooksey 《Biotechnic & histochemistry》2017,92(5):309-314
The history of chemical investigations into the yellow components of turmeric can be traced from 1815. Although the major yellow component of turmeric, curcumin, often is represented as a 1,3-diketone in the solid state and in nonaqueous solution, it exists in the enol form. The struggle to identify the chemical structure of curcumin continued for nearly a century and was complicated by the difficult purification of curcumin and by the presence of two additional yellow components. Food remains the main use for turmeric (old spice); its use as a dye has diminished since the 19th century, but it may have pharmaceutical uses (new spice). 相似文献
54.
MG Mullender NA Blom M De Kleuver JM Fock WMGC Hitters AMC Horemans CJ Kalkman JEH Pruijs RR Timmer PJ Titarsolej NC Van Haasteren Tol-de MJ Van Jager AJ Van Vught BJ Van Royen 《Scoliosis》2008,3(1):1-14
Background
Children with neuromuscular disorders with a progressive muscle weakness such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Spinal Muscular Atrophy frequently develop a progressive scoliosis. A severe scoliosis compromises respiratory function and makes sitting more difficult. Spinal surgery is considered the primary treatment option for correcting severe scoliosis in neuromuscular disorders. Surgery in this population requires a multidisciplinary approach, careful planning, dedicated surgical procedures, and specialized after care.Methods
The guideline is based on scientific evidence and expert opinions. A multidisciplinary working group representing experts from all relevant specialties performed the research. A literature search was conducted to collect scientific evidence in answer to specific questions posed by the working group. Literature was classified according to the level of evidence.Results
For most aspects of the treatment scientific evidence is scarce and only low level cohort studies were found. Nevertheless, a high degree of consensus was reached about the management of patients with scoliosis in neuromuscular disorders. This was translated into a set of recommendations, which are now officially accepted as a general guideline in the Netherlands.Conclusion
In order to optimize the treatment for scoliosis in neuromuscular disorders a Dutch guideline has been composed. This evidence-based, multidisciplinary guideline addresses conservative treatment, the preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative care of scoliosis in neuromuscular disorders. 相似文献55.
Majeran W Zybailov B Ytterberg AJ Dunsmore J Sun Q van Wijk KJ 《Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP》2008,7(9):1609-1638
Chloroplasts of maize leaves differentiate into specific bundle sheath (BS) and mesophyll (M) types to accommodate C(4) photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain thylakoid and envelope membranes that contain the photosynthetic machineries and transporters but also proteins involved in e.g. protein homeostasis. These chloroplast membranes must be specialized within each cell type to accommodate C(4) photosynthesis and regulate metabolic fluxes and activities. This quantitative study determined the differentiated state of BS and M chloroplast thylakoid and envelope membrane proteomes and their oligomeric states using innovative gel-based and mass spectrometry-based protein quantifications. This included native gels, iTRAQ, and label-free quantification using an LTQ-Orbitrap. Subunits of Photosystems I and II, the cytochrome b(6)f, and ATP synthase complexes showed average BS/M accumulation ratios of 1.6, 0.45, 1.0, and 1.33, respectively, whereas ratios for the light-harvesting complex I and II families were 1.72 and 0.68, respectively. A 1000-kDa BS-specific NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex with associated proteins of unknown function containing more than 15 proteins was observed; we speculate that this novel complex possibly functions in inorganic carbon concentration when carboxylation rates by ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase are lower than decarboxylation rates by malic enzyme. Differential accumulation of thylakoid proteases (Egy and DegP), state transition kinases (STN7,8), and Photosystem I and II assembly factors was observed, suggesting that cell-specific photosynthetic electron transport depends on post-translational regulatory mechanisms. BS/M ratios for inner envelope transporters phosphoenolpyruvate/P(i) translocator, Dit1, Dit2, and Mex1 were determined and reflect metabolic fluxes in carbon metabolism. A wide variety of hundreds of other proteins showed differential BS/M accumulation. Mass spectral information and functional annotations are available through the Plant Proteome Database. These data are integrated with previous data, resulting in a model for C(4) photosynthesis, thereby providing new rationales for metabolic engineering of C(4) pathways and targeted analysis of genetic networks that coordinate C(4) differentiation. 相似文献
56.
Anni 2.0 is an online tool () to aid the biomedical researcher with a broad range of information needs. Anni provides an ontology-based interface to MEDLINE
and retrieves documents and associations for several classes of biomedical concepts, including genes, drugs and diseases,
with established text-mining technology. In this article we illustrate Anni's usability by applying the tool to two use cases:
interpretation of a set of differentially expressed genes, and literature-based knowledge discovery. 相似文献
57.
58.
M Lundervold EJ Milner-Gulland CJ O'Callaghan C Hamblin A Corteyn AP Macmillan 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2004,45(4):211-224
The results of a serological survey of livestock in Kazakhstan, carried out in 1997–1998, are reported. Serum samples from
958 animals (cattle, sheep and goats) were tested for antibodies to foot and mouth disease (FMD), bluetongue (BT), epizootic
haemorrhagic disease (EHD), rinderpest (RP) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR) viruses, and to Brucella spp. We also investigated the vaccination status of livestock and related this to changes in veterinary provision since independence
in 1991. For the 2 diseases under official surveillance (FMD and brucellosis) our results were similar to official data, although
we found significantly higher brucellosis levels in 2 districts and widespread ignorance about FMD vaccination status. The
seroprevalence for BT virus was 23%, and seropositive animals were widespread suggesting endemicity, despite the disease not
having being previously reported. We found a few seropositives for EHDV and PPRV, which may suggest that these diseases are
also present in Kazakhstan. An hierarchical model showed that seroprevalence to FMD and BT viruses were clustered at the farm/village
level, rather than at a larger spatial scale. This was unexpected for FMD, which is subject to vaccination policies which
vary at the raion (county) level. 相似文献
59.
Rob Jelier Guido Jenster Lambert CJ Dorssers Bas J Wouters Peter JM Hendriksen Barend Mons Ruud Delwel Jan A Kors 《BMC bioinformatics》2007,8(1):14
Background
High-throughput experiments, such as with DNA microarrays, typically result in hundreds of genes potentially relevant to the process under study, rendering the interpretation of these experiments problematic. Here, we propose and evaluate an approach to find functional associations between large numbers of genes and other biomedical concepts from free-text literature. For each gene, a profile of related concepts is constructed that summarizes the context in which the gene is mentioned in literature. We assign a weight to each concept in the profile based on a likelihood ratio measure. Gene concept profiles can then be clustered to find related genes and other concepts. 相似文献60.
Niblett SH King KE Dunstan RH Clifton-Bligh P Hoskin LA Roberts TK Fulcher GR McGregor NR Dunsmore JC Butt HL Klineberg I Rothkirch TB 《Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)》2007,232(8):1041-1049
Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have a broad and variable spectrum of signs and symptoms with variable onsets. This report outlines the results of a single-blind, cross-sectional research project that extensively investigated a large cohort of 100 CFS patients and 82 non fatigued control subjects with the aim of performing a case-control evaluation of alterations in standard blood parameters and urinary amino and organic acid excretion profiles. Blood biochemistry and full blood counts were unremarkable and fell within normal laboratory ranges. However, the case-control comparison of the blood cell data revealed that CFS patients had a significant decrease in red cell distribution width and increases in mean platelet volume, neutrophil counts, and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. Evaluation of the urine excretion parameters also revealed a number of anomalies. The overnight urine output and rate of amino acid excretion were both reduced in the CFS group (P < 0.01). Significant decreases in the urinary excretion of asparagine (P < 0.0001), phenylalanine (P < 0.003), the branch chain amino acids (P < 0.005), and succinic acid (P < 0.0001), as well as increases in 3-methylhistidine (P < 0.05) and tyrosine (P < 0.05) were observed. It was concluded that the urinary excretion and blood parameters data supported the hypothesis that alterations in physiologic homeostasis exist in CFS patients. 相似文献