巴旦杏花物候学与形态学研究

观察研究了喀什地区4个巴旦杏主栽品种的开花物候期,开花习性,花及花粉的形态特征等内容,结果表明：巴旦杏花期始于3月下旬或4月上旬,花期持续约10－20d,4个主栽品种花期相遇;品种间花的形态丰在差异,早开的花花质较好,晚开的花畸形花百分率较高,供试品种的花粉粒在扫描电镜下存在微形态上的差异。     

川西南地区小型兽类体外寄生革螨调查报告

1987年7－10月和1988年4－11月在川西南地区共采集到鼠类体外革螨37种,1909只。本文记录了这些革螨的宿主动物、采集地以及各主动物的染螨率。主要鼠种如社鼠、大耳姬鼠、黑腹绒鼠、高山姬鼠和松田鼠的染螨率分别为49.32%、23.92%、7.45%,7.37%和4.17%。     

蝉蜕活性成分的提取及其抑菌活性的研究

本文报道了对传统中药蝉蜕抑菌活性成分提取与抑菌活性研究结果。对4种提取方法和7种提取溶剂的提取效果进行了平行比较研究,研究结果显示,以体积分数95%乙醇作为提取溶剂,4种提取方法中,以超声波法提取时的浸膏得率最高。采用超声波提取法时,在7种提取溶剂中,以95%乙醇提取浸膏的得率最高。抑菌试验结果表明,不同方法获得提取物与对照组相比对Escheridia coli均有明显的抑菌作用(P≤0.05),但不同提取方法得到的提取物之间,并无显著的抑菌活性差异。其中采用超声波提取法,以95%乙醇为提取溶剂时,所得提取物的抑菌活性最高,对E.coli的最小抑菌浓度为0.078 mg/mL。该研究结果是蝉蜕抑菌成分的首次报道。     

白头翁汤治疗炎症性肠病的分子机制研究

目的：探讨白头翁汤治疗炎症性肠病的分子机制。方法：40只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为5组（n=8）：正常对照组、模型组、模型＋阳性对照组（美沙拉嗪）、模型＋中药治疗组,中药治疗组又分为中、高剂量组。阳性对照组、中药治疗组分别灌胃给药。疗程结束后取大鼠结肠组织利用免疫组织化学、Western blot等方法检测Smad7及p-Smad3在各组中的表达变化。结果：模型与组相比较,阳性药物及中药组尤其是高剂量组可有效抑制Smad7的表达,同时增强p-Smad3的表达。结论：白头翁汤可能通过激活TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路从而发挥了对炎症性肠病中的抗炎作用。     

不同亚型流感病毒NS1蛋白在酵母菌细胞中转录激活功能的差异

非结构蛋白1（nonstructural protein1,NS1）是甲型流感病毒一种重要的调控蛋白,与病毒的毒力密切相关,本文检测了不同亚型流感病毒NS1蛋白在酵母菌细胞中的基因转录激活能力,将携带NS1基因的诱饵载体与空的猎物载体共转化AH109和Y187酵母菌细胞,观察AH109在QDO培养基上的生长情况,以X-α-gal为底物检测其分泌α-半乳糖苷酶的能力;通过ONPG实验定量分析Y187酵母菌细胞β-半乳糖苷酶活性的强弱,结果发现转化H1N1,H5N1和H9N2亚型流感病毒NS1基因的AH109酵母菌细胞能够在QDO培养基上生长,并分泌高水平的α-半乳糖苷酶,同时这些基因转化的Y187酵母菌细胞具有很强的β-半乳糖苷酶活性,与此相反,H3N2亚型流感病毒NS1基因转化AH109和Y187后,上述实验结果均为阴性,这说明H1N1,H5N1和H9N2亚型的NS1蛋白具有刺激酵母菌细胞基因转录的功能,而H3N2亚型的NS1蛋白缺乏这种能力,表明NS1蛋白型别的不同可造成其生物学活性的差异。     

Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF80 encodes a late, nonstructural protein

The Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) ORF80 (ha80) has 765 bp encoding a protein with approximately 254 amino acids and a predicted molecular weight of 30.8 kDa. Homologues of ha80 are found in most baculovirus sequences, including those from lepidopteran NPVs, lepidopteran granuloviruses (GVs), hymenopteran baculoviruses, and one dipteran baculovirus, yet their functions remain unclear. In this study we characterized ha80, and showed that it was transcribed late in infected host cells (HzAM1). The product of ha80 was a 31 kDa protein that was not a structural protein of budded virus (BV) or occlusion-derived virus (ODV) particles. Ha80 was first detected in the cytoplasm of infected HzAM1 cells at 12 h p.i., and was observed in the nucleus at later stages of infection, suggesting that it may be involved in transporting viral proteins into the host cell nucleus or play its roles in the nucleus.     

Integrated analysis of pivotal biomarker of LSM1, immune cell infiltration and therapeutic drugs in breast cancer

The discovery of early diagnosis and prognostic markers for breast cancer can significantly improve survival and reduce mortality. LSM1 is known to be involved in the general process of mRNA degradation in complexes containing LSm subunits, but the molecular and biological functions in breast cancer remain unclear. Here, the expression of LSM1 mRNA in breast cancer was estimated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Oncomine, TIMER and bc‐GenExMiner databases. We found that functional LSM1 inactivation caused by mutations and profound deletions predicted poor prognosis in breast cancer (BRCA) patients. LSM1 was highly expressed in both BRCA tissues and cells compared to normal breast tissues/cells. High LSM1 expression is associated with poorer overall survival and disease‐free survival. The association between LSM1 and immune infiltration of breast cancer was assessed by TIMER and CIBERSORT algorithms. LSM1 showed a strong correlation with various immune marker sets. Most importantly, pharmacogenetic analysis of BRCA cell lines revealed that LSM1 inactivation was associated with increased sensitivity to refametinib and trametinib. However, both drugs could mimic the effects of LSM1 inhibition and their drug sensitivity was associated with MEK molecules. Therefore, we investigated the clinical application of LSM1 to provide a basis for sensitive diagnosis, prognosis and targeted treatment of breast cancer.     

糖化酶、木聚糖酶融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

通过RT-PCR方法,以埃默森篮状菌(Talaromyces emersonii)总RNA为模板,克隆出糖化酶(glucoamylase,amyA)基因的成熟肽编码序列(1 857 bp),编码618个氨基酸;以类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus sp.)H10-3基因组DNA为模板,克隆出木聚糖酶(xylanaseA,xynA)基因的成熟肽编码序列(636 bp),编码211个氨基酸.通过重叠延伸PCR( SOE-PCR)得到拼接片段amyA-l-xynA,并将其克隆到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9中,得到重组质粒pPIC9-amyA-l-xynA,重组质粒线性化后经电击转化到毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)GS115中,得到了表达成功的工程菌ALX2.在ALX2发酵上清液中同时检测到糖化酶活性(10.7 U/mL)和木聚糖酶活性( 51.8 U/mL).     

新型高背型鲫鱼的形成及其生物学特征研究

利用鱼类远缘杂交技术和雌核发育方法获得了新型四倍体鲫鲤(G1×AT). 在G1×AT中发现2%的高背型个体, 其自交后代性状发生分离并形成3种两性可育的二倍体鱼: 高背型红鲫、高背型双尾金鱼和青灰色鲤鱼. 其中高背型红鲫自交, 后代性状继续发生分离, 形成高背型红鲫、花鲫和青鲫. 本文主要对这3种高背型鲫鱼及其自交后代的外形特征、染色体数目、性腺显微和超微结构以及繁殖力等方面进行了研究. 结果表明: (ⅰ) 这3种高背型鲫鱼在外形上都具有体背高、尾柄短、头部小的优良特性. 高背型红鲫、花鲫和青鲫的体高/体长值分别为0.54, 0.51和0.54, 三者明显高于普通红鲫的体高/体长值0. 41(P<0. 01); (ⅱ) 3种高背型鲫鱼染色体数目与普通红鲫染色体数目一致, 都为2n=100; (ⅲ) 这3种高背型鲫鱼都具有正常的卵巢和精巢, 它们分别能产生成熟的卵子和精子, 为二倍体高背型鲫鱼品系的形成奠定了基础; (ⅳ) 与普通红鲫相比, 3种高背型鲫鱼具有产卵(产精)量大、繁殖期长、受精率和孵化率高等优点. 它们通过自交培育出了具有高背特征的二倍体鲫鱼群体; (ⅴ) 3种高背型鲫鱼既具有较高的观赏和食用价值, 也可以作为优良的二倍体亲本与四倍体鱼交配来制备高背型三倍体鲫鱼. 这3种高背型鲫鱼的形成在生物进化研究和鱼类遗传育种研究方面都具有重要意义.     

产β-甘露聚糖酶内生菌的筛选及酶学特性分析

采用富集培养的方法从黄豆种子中分离出17株内生菌菌株, 利用刚果红染色法筛选出3株产β-甘露聚糖酶的内生菌。摇瓶培养并分别测定其酶活力, 其中一株酶活力较高, 达54.59 U/mL。经生理生化性质测定及16S rDNA序列分析, 鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis。酶学性质分析发现, 该酶最适作用温度和pH分别为30 °C?50 °C和7.0, 在50 °C保温2 h酶活仍保留68%, pH 5.0?9.0条件下保温1 h酶活仍保留64%以上; Zn2+、Ca2+、Co2+、Ba2+、K+对该酶有激活作用, 其中以Ca2+的激活作用最为明显, 使酶活提高了31%, Mn2+和EDTA对该酶有抑制作用。