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101.
Sora Ahn Sang Beom Jun Hyang Woon Lee Seungjun Lee 《Journal of computational neuroscience》2016,40(2):207-229
Electrical stimulation of sub-cortical brain regions (the basal ganglia), known as deep brain stimulation (DBS), is an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Chronic high frequency (HF) DBS in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus interna (GPi) reduces motor symptoms including bradykinesia and tremor in patients with PD, but the therapeutic mechanisms of DBS are not fully understood. We developed a biophysical network model comprising of the closed loop cortical-basal ganglia-thalamus circuit representing the healthy and parkinsonian rat brain. The network properties of the model were validated by comparing responses evoked in basal ganglia (BG) nuclei by cortical (CTX) stimulation to published experimental results. A key emergent property of the model was generation of low-frequency network oscillations. Consistent with their putative pathological role, low-frequency oscillations in model BG neurons were exaggerated in the parkinsonian state compared to the healthy condition. We used the model to quantify the effectiveness of STN DBS at different frequencies in suppressing low-frequency oscillatory activity in GPi. Frequencies less than 40 Hz were ineffective, low-frequency oscillatory power decreased gradually for frequencies between 50 Hz and 130 Hz, and saturated at frequencies higher than 150 Hz. HF STN DBS suppressed pathological oscillations in GPe/GPi both by exciting and inhibiting the firing in GPe/GPi neurons, and the number of GPe/GPi neurons influenced was greater for HF stimulation than low-frequency stimulation. Similar to the frequency dependent suppression of pathological oscillations, STN DBS also normalized the abnormal GPi spiking activity evoked by CTX stimulation in a frequency dependent fashion with HF being the most effective. Therefore, therapeutic HF STN DBS effectively suppresses pathological activity by influencing the activity of a greater proportion of neurons in the output nucleus of the BG. 相似文献
102.
103.
Ji Hye Huh Song Vogue Ahn Sang Baek Koh Eunhee Choi Jang Young Kim Ki-Chul Sung Eung Ju Kim Jeong Bae Park 《PloS one》2015,10(11)
Background
Although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, its influence on hypertension development is poorly understood. We investigated whether fatty liver disease, as assessed by the fatty liver index, could predict the development of hypertension independently of systemic insulin resistance, inflammatory status and adipokine levels.Methods
Prospective cohort study of 1,521 adults (484 men and 1037 women) aged 40 to 70 years without baseline hypertension examined. An equation was used to calculate fatty liver index and classify patients as follows: fatty liver index <30, no non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; fatty liver index ≥60, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; and 30≤ fatty liver index <60, intermediate fatty liver index.Results
During an average of 2.6 years of follow-up, 153 subjects (10.06%) developed hypertension. Fatty liver index was positively associated with baseline blood pressure, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, urinary albumin/creatinine excretion, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein. After adjustment for confounding factors, including markers of insulin resistance, systemic inflammation and adiponectin levels, the odds ratio [95% confidence interval] for the incident hypertension increased in a graded manner with fatty liver index (<30 vs. 30–59 vs. ≥60 = 1 vs. 1.83 [1.16~2.88] vs. 2.09 [1.08~4.055], respectively).Conclusions
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease assessed by fatty liver index was an independent risk factor for hypertension. Our findings suggest that fatty liver index, a simple surrogate indicator of fatty liver disease, might be useful for identifying subjects at high risk for incident hypertension in clinical practice. 相似文献104.
Jong-Yeol?LeeEmail author Hye-Rang?Beom Susan?B.?Altenbach Sun-Hyung?Lim Yeong-Tae?Kim Chon-Sik?Kang Ung-Han?Yoon Ravi?Gupta Sun-Tae?Kim Sang-Nag?Ahn Young-Mi?KimEmail author 《Functional & integrative genomics》2016,16(3):269-279
Although it is well known that low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) from wheat affect bread and noodle processing quality, the function of specific LMW-GS proteins remains unclear. It is important to find the genes that correspond to individual LMW-GS proteins in order to understand the functions of specific proteins. The objective of this study was to link LMW-GS genes and haplotypes characterized using well known Glu-A3, Glu-B3, and Glu-D3 gene-specific primers to their protein products in a single wheat variety. A total of 36 LMW-GS genes and pseudogenes were amplified from the Korean cultivar Keumkang. These include 11 Glu-3 gene haplotypes, two from the Glu-A3 locus, two from the Glu-B3 locus, and seven from the Glu-D3 locus. To establish relationships between gene haplotypes and their protein products, a glutenin protein fraction was separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) and 17 protein spots were analyzed by N-terminal amino acid sequencing and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). LMW-GS proteins were identified that corresponded to all Glu-3 gene haplotypes except the pseudogenes. This is the first report of the comprehensive characterization of LMW-GS genes and their corresponding proteins in a single wheat cultivar. Our approach will be useful to understand the contributions of individual LMW-GS to the end-use quality of flour. 相似文献
105.
Cho Bumrae Lee Eun-Jin Ahn Sun Mi Kim Ghangyong Lee Sang Hoon Ji Dal-Young Kang Jung-Taek 《Transgenic research》2019,28(5-6):549-559
Transgenic Research - Islet xenotransplantation is a promising treatment for type I diabetes. Numerous studies of islet xenotransplantation have used pig-to-nonhuman primate transplantation models.... 相似文献
106.
Lim JH Hwang KY Choi J Lee DY Ahn BY Cho Y Kim KS Han YS 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2001,288(1):263-268
We designed two mutants of superoxide dismutase (SOD), one is thermostable and the other is thermolabile, which provide valuable insight to identify amino acid residues essential for the thermostability of the SOD from Aquifex pyrophilus (ApSOD). The mutant K12A, in which Lys12 was replaced by Ala, had increased thermostability compared to that of the wild type. The T(1/2) value of K12A was 210 min and that of the wild type was 175 min at 95 degrees C. However, the thermostability of the mutant E41A, which has a T(1/2) value of 25 min at 95 degrees C, was significantly decreased compared to the wild type of ApSOD. To explain the enhanced thermostability of K12A and thermolabile E41A on the structural basis, the crystal structures of the two SOD mutants have been determined. The results have clearly shown the general significance of hydrogen bonds and ion-pair network in the thermostability of proteins. 相似文献
107.
108.
Youngbeom Ahn Jeong Myeong Kim Hyeri Ahn Yong-Jin Lee John J. LiPuma David Hussong Carl E. Cerniglia 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2014,41(7):1109-1118
Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals. BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems. Some strains of BCC, previously described as Pseudomonas cepacia, were not readily detected by standard culture methods. We have explored different strategies to recover and enrich Burkholderia cenocepacia previously cultured in distilled water for 40 days. Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner’s 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain–Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller–Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown’s (ASH) medium. Of the various broth media tested, cell growth was significantly greater in TSB and R2AB than in BHIB, MHB, or ASH broth. TSB and R2AB were also compared for their recovery efficiency. Generally, there was no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media. Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells. All strains persisted in distilled water for 40 days. Broth media were more effective than solid media for recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water. These results may assist in improving detection assays with recovery and enrichment strategies to maximize recovery of these fastidious organisms. 相似文献
109.
Ahn JS Musacchio A Mapelli M Ni J Scinto L Stein R Kosik KS Yeh LA 《Journal of biomolecular screening》2004,9(2):122-131
A high-throughput assay for tau phosphorylation by cdk5/p25 is described. Full-length recombinant tau was used as a substrate in the presence of saturating adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Using PHF-1, an antibody directed specifically against 2 tau phosphorylation epitopes (serine 396 and serine 404), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based colorimetric assay was formatted in 384-well plates. The assay was validated by measuring kinetic parameters for cdk5/p25 catalysis and known inhibitors. Rate constants for the site-specific phosphorylations at the PHF-1 epitopes were determined and suggested preferential phosphorylation at these sites. The performance of this assay in a high-throughput format was demonstrated and used to identify inhibitors of tau phosphorylation at specific epitopes phosphorylated by cdk5/p25. 相似文献
110.
YR Kim JS Kim YH Min DH Yoon HJ Shin YC Mun Y Park YR Do SH Jeong JS Park SY Oh S Lee EK Park JS Jang WS Lee HW Lee H Eom JS Ahn J Jeong SK Baek SJ Kim WS Kim C Suh 《Journal of hematology & oncology》2012,5(1):49
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to identify prognostic factors for survival in patients with primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the adrenal gland. METHODS: Thirty one patients diagnosed with primary adrenal DLBCL from 14 Korean institutions and treated with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) were analyzed. RESULTS: Complete remission (CR) and overall response rate after R-CHOP chemotherapy were 54.8% and 87.0%. The 2-year estimates of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 68.3% and 51.1%. In patients achieving CR, significant prolongations of OS (P = 0.029) and PFS (P = 0.005) were observed. Ann Arbor stage had no influence on OS. There was no significant difference in OS between patients with unilateral involvement of adrenal gland and those with bilateral involvement. When staging was modified to include bilateral adrenal involvement as one extranodal site, early stage (I or II) significantly correlated with longer OS (P = 0.021) and PFS (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to prior reports, our data suggests that outcomes of primary adrenal DLBCL are encouraging using a regimen of R-CHOP, and that achieving CR after R-CHOP is predictive of survival. Likewise, our modified staging system may have prognostic value. 相似文献