The Use of Cellocandin, an Enzymatic Preparation from Geotrichum candidum 3C-106, for Defibring Waste Paper and Desiccation of Cellulose Suspension

The effect of cellocandin, an enzymatic preparation from Geotrichum candidum 3C-106 with cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, on defibring of waste paper and acceleration of desiccation of paper pulp was studied. It was shown that cellocandin accelerated defibring of waste paper to cellulose fibers and desiccation of cellulose suspension.     

Activation of reconstructive processes in rat tissues under the action of radiofrequency current with a periodic impulse mode of modulation

The action of a current in the radio frequency range with a periodic impulse mode of modulation on the activation of recovery processes in the skin and skeletal muscles has been studied. The action of a radio frequency current with a power of 1 W, as opposed to that of the weaker action (0.1 W) and stronger (4 W) action, leads to the activation of recovery processes in the skin and skeletal muscles. Recovery processes are manifested in the increase in proliferation and activation of angiogenesis in the skin, and also in formation of new muscle fibers. Recovery processes in muscles are accompanied by activation and migration of satellite cells of muscle tissue in the zone of action of the radio frequency current.     

GTP-dependent structural rearrangement of the eRF1:eRF3 complex and eRF3 sequence motifs essential for PABP binding

Translation termination in eukaryotes is governed by the concerted action of eRF1 and eRF3 factors. eRF1 recognizes the stop codon in the A site of the ribosome and promotes nascent peptide chain release, and the GTPase eRF3 facilitates this peptide release via its interaction with eRF1. In addition to its role in termination, eRF3 is involved in normal and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay through its association with cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) via PAM2-1 and PAM2-2 motifs in the N-terminal domain of eRF3. We have studied complex formation between full-length eRF3 and its ligands (GDP, GTP, eRF1 and PABP) using isothermal titration calorimetry, demonstrating formation of the eRF1:eRF3:PABP:GTP complex. Analysis of the temperature dependence of eRF3 interactions with G nucleotides reveals major structural rearrangements accompanying formation of the eRF1:eRF3:GTP complex. This is in contrast to eRF1:eRF3:GDP complex formation, where no such rearrangements were detected. Thus, our results agree with the established active role of GTP in promoting translation termination. Through point mutagenesis of PAM2-1 and PAM2-2 motifs in eRF3, we demonstrate that PAM2-2, but not PAM2-1 is indispensible for eRF3:PABP complex formation.     

Separation of Endo-1,4-β-xylanases from Geotrichum candidum3C with Various Abilities to Sorb on Insoluble Substrate

Culture liquid from Geotrichum candidum 3C was shown to contain three endoxylanase types: endoxylanase I that binds to cellulose, endoxylanase II that sorbs to insoluble xylan, and endoxylanase III that cannot sorb to insoluble substrate. The catalytic and substrate-binding domains of endoxylanase II were isolated.     

Melatonin injected into rat efficiently synchronizes the rhythm of protein synthesis in primary hepatocyte cultures isolated from this rat

Melatonin injected intraperitoneally into rat synchronizes the ultradian rhythm of protein synthesis after 100 min in primary hepatocyte cultures isolated from this rat, which are studied after 1 or 2 days. The effective synchronization concentrations of melatonin—0.01–0.02 μg per kg of rat weight—are three orders lower than melatonin doses used in clinical practice in human treatment.