种植茼蒿对蚕豆苜蓿蚜的田间控制作用

[目的] 探讨不同生育期和不同种植方式的茼蒿对蚕豆蚜虫的诱集作用,为利用茼蒿控制蚕豆蚜虫提供理论依据。[方法] 在蚕豆田四周种植不同生育期（幼苗期、现蕾期、开花期）和不同行数（1行、2行）的茼蒿,观察不同处理的蚕豆田有蚜株率和蚜害等级,各处理设在互不干扰的小区内进行。[结果] 蚕豆四周种植不同生育期茼蒿后,蚕豆上有蚜株率和蚜害等级比例存在显著差异,且与茼蒿的生育期有明显的相关性,各处理有蚜株率从低到高分别为茼蒿开花期（28.33%） < 现蕾期（41.67%） < 幼苗期（55.00%）,并均显著低于对照（63.33%）;种植不同生育期茼蒿后,各处理蚕豆蚜害等级也不同,5级蚜害在种植开花期茼蒿处理后仅为5.00%,现蕾期为23.33%,幼苗期为33.33%,对照蚕豆上蚜害最高,达40.00%。分别种植1行（33.33%）和2行（23.33%）茼蒿后,最高有蚜株率均显著低于对照（66.67%）,低蚜害等级比例明显增高,高蚜害比例明显下降,且种植2行的效果更佳。[结论] 开花期的茼蒿对蚕豆蚜虫诱集作用最强,种植2行开花期茼蒿可以有效降低蚕豆蚜虫为害。在蚕豆生产上,种植茼蒿可以作为蚕豆蚜虫生态防控的重要手段之一。     

5' nucleotide sequence of sindbis viral RNA.

The 5' sequence of Sindbis viral RNA is m (7)G(5') pppApUpGp...     

Expression of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein L (gL) in transfected mammalian cells: evidence that gL is not independently anchored to cell membranes.

We expressed herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein L (gL) in transfected cells to investigate whether it is independently anchored to plasma membranes or is membrane associated as a result of complex formation with gH. gL was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy at the surfaces of cotransfected cells when it was expressed with gH but not when it was expressed in the absence of gH or with a truncated form of gH, gHTrunc(792), which lacks the membrane-spanning region and terminates at amino acid 792. Immunoprecipitation studies of transfected-cell culture media revealed that gL was secreted from cells when expressed in the absence of gH and was secreted from cotransfected cells complexed with gHTrunc(792). These observations demonstrate that gL is not independently anchored to plasma membranes but is membrane associated as a result of complex formation with gH.     

TRPV1 and TRPA1 Mediate Peripheral Nitric Oxide-Induced Nociception in Mice

Nitric oxide (NO) can induce acute pain in humans and plays an important role in pain sensitization caused by inflammation and injury in animal models. There is evidence that NO acts both in the central nervous system via a cyclic GMP pathway and in the periphery on sensory neurons through unknown mechanisms. It has recently been suggested that TRPV1 and TRPA1, two polymodal ion channels that sense noxious stimuli impinging on peripheral nociceptors, are activated by NO in heterologous systems. Here, we investigate the relevance of this activation. We demonstrate that NO donors directly activate TRPV1 and TRPA1 in isolated inside-out patch recordings. Cultured primary sensory neurons display both TRPV1- and TRPA1-dependent responses to NO donors. BH4, an essential co-factor for NO production, causes activation of a subset of DRG neurons as assayed by calcium imaging, and this activation is at least partly dependent on nitric oxide synthase activity. We show that BH4-induced calcium influx is ablated in DRG neurons from TRPA1/TRPV1 double knockout mice, suggesting that production of endogenous levels of NO can activate these ion channels. In behavioral assays, peripheral NO-induced nociception is compromised when TRPV1 and TRPA1 are both ablated. These results provide genetic evidence that the peripheral nociceptive action of NO is mediated by both TRPV1 and TRPA1.     

Results of phalloplasty.

We present our experience with a method of phalloplasty which can be applied by reconstructive surgeons to cases of penile loss from diverse etiologies. The complications with this method have been frequent, but not life-threatening. Achievement of the stated objectives is obtained in a sufficiently high proportion of cases to make this a method whorthwhile to use until a clearly superior method can be demonstrated.