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71.
Irina S Druzhinina Christian P Kubicek Monika Komoń-Zelazowska Temesgen Belayneh Mulaw John Bissett 《BMC evolutionary biology》2010,10(1):94
Background
The mitosporic fungus Trichoderma harzianum (Hypocrea, Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) is an ubiquitous species in the environment with some strains commercially exploited for the biological control of plant pathogenic fungi. Although T. harzianum is asexual (or anamorphic), its sexual stage (or teleomorph) has been described as Hypocrea lixii. Since recombination would be an important issue for the efficacy of an agent of the biological control in the field, we investigated the phylogenetic structure of the species. 相似文献72.
Ines Touati Nicolas Ruiz Olivier Thomas Irina S. Druzhinina Lea Atanasova Olfa Tabbene Salem Elkahoui Roudaina Benzekri Lamjed Bouslama Yves François Pouchus Ferid Limam 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2018,34(7):98
A Trichoderma orientale strain LSBA1 was isolated from the Mediterranean marine sponge Cymbaxinella damicornis. The crude extract of T. orientale mycelium showed inhibitory activity against growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as clinical isolates of Candida albicans. Purification of the anti-Candida component was performed using a combination of open silica gel-60 column and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. The active compound called hyporientalin A has been identified as a peptaibol analogue of longibrachin-A-II using mass spectrometry. It exhibited fungicidal activity against clinical isolates of C. albicans with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2.49 to 19.66 µM, comparable to that of the antifungal agent amphotericin B. Our data support the use of hyporientalin A as a promising new and efficient antifungal drug in the treatment of candidiasis while controlling toxicity. 相似文献
73.
74.
Lea Atanasova Benjamin P. Knox Christian P. Kubicek Irina S. Druzhinina Scott E. Baker 《Eukaryotic cell》2013,12(11):1499-1508
Species of the fungal genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) are well-known for their production of various secondary metabolites. Nonribosomal peptides and polyketides represent a major portion of these products. In a recent phylogenomic investigation of Trichoderma polyketide synthase (PKS)-encoding genes, the pks4 from T. reesei was shown to be an orthologue of pigment-forming PKSs involved in synthesis of aurofusarin and bikaverin in Fusarium spp. In this study, we show that deletion of this gene in T. reesei results in loss of green conidial pigmentation and in pigmentation alteration of teleomorph structures. It also has an impact on conidial cell wall stability and the antagonistic abilities of T. reesei against other fungi, including formation of inhibitory metabolites. In addition, deletion of pks4 significantly influences the expression of other PKS-encoding genes of T. reesei. To our knowledge, this is the first indication that a low-molecular-weight pigment-forming PKS is involved in defense, mechanical stability, and stress resistance in fungi. 相似文献
75.
76.
Neuhof T Dieckmann R Druzhinina IS Kubicek CP Nakari-Setälä T Penttilä M von Döhren H 《The FEBS journal》2007,274(3):841-852
Intact-cell MS (ICMS) was applied for the direct detection of hydrophobins in various species and strains of Hypocrea/Trichoderma. In both mycelia and spores, dominating peaks were identified as hydrophobins by detecting mass shifts of 8 Da of reduced and unreduced forms, the analysis of knockout mutants, and comparison with protein databases. Strain-specific processing was observed in the case of Hypocrea jecorina (anamorph Trichoderma reesei). An analysis of 32 strains comprising 29 different species of Trichoderma and Hypocrea showed hydrophobin patterns that were specific at both at the species and isolate (subspecies) levels. The method therefore permits rapid and direct detection of hydrophobin class II compositions and may also provide a means to identify Trichoderma (and other fungal) species and strains from microgram amounts of biomass without prior cultivation. 相似文献
77.
78.
Andriushina VA Rodina NV Stytsenko TC Luu DH Druzhinina AV Iaderets VV Voîshvillo NE 《Prikladnaia biokhimiia i mikrobiologiia》2011,47(3):297-301
Abstract-Soybean sterols were converted into androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (AD) and 9alpha-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione (9-OH-AD) using three actinobacterium strains. The transformation of a microcrystallic substrate (particle size 5-15 nm) or the transformation in the presence of randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (MCD) were carried out by Mycobacterium neoaurum with a phytosterol load of 30 g/l over 144 h with an AD content of 14.5 and 15.2 g/l, respectively. AD obtained in the presence of MCD was transformed into ADD (13.5 g/l) by Pimelobacter simplex cells over 3 h and into 9-OH-AD by Rhodococcus erythropolis cells after 22 h without the isolation of AD from the cultural liquid. The technical product ADD was obtained in 75% yield, based on phytosterol. It contained as impurity 1.25% of AD and 1.5% of 1,2-dehydrotestosterone. In a control experiment-the process of 1,2-dehydrogenation of 20 g/l AD in the water solution of MCD-no by products were isolated. Thus, it is more expedient to introduce the 1,2-double bond into pure AD, whereas R. erythropolis strain with low destructive activity towards steroid nucleus can be used in the mixed culture with M. neoaurum. The crystal product contained, according to HPLC, 80% of 9-OH-AD, and 1.5 AD was combined. The yield of 9-OH-AD (m.p. 218-220 degrees C) based on transformed phytosterol was 56%. 相似文献
79.
Thomas Degenkolb Razieh Karimi Aghcheh Ralf Dieckmann Torsten Neuhof Scott E. Baker Irina S. Druzhinina Christian P. Kubicek Hans Brückner Hans von Döhren 《化学与生物多样性》2012,9(3):499-535
The most common sequences of peptaibiotics are 11‐residue peptaibols found widely distributed in the genus Trichoderma/Hypocrea. Frequently associated are 14‐residue peptaibols sharing partial sequence identity. Genome sequencing projects of three Trichoderma strains of the major clades reveal the presence of up to three types of nonribosomal peptide synthetases with 7, 14, or 18–20 amino acid‐adding modules. Here, we provide evidence that the 14‐module NRPS type found in T. virens, T. reesei (teleomorph Hypocrea jecorina), and T. atroviride produces both 11‐ and 14‐residue peptaibols based on the disruption of the respective NRPS gene of T. reesei, and bioinformatic analysis of their amino acid‐activating domains and modules. The sequences of these peptides may be predicted from the gene sequences and have been confirmed by analysis of families of 11‐ and 14‐residue peptaibols from the strain 618, termed hypojecorins A (23 sequences determined, 4 new) and B (3 sequences determined, 2 new), and the recently established trichovirins A from T. virens. The distribution of 11‐ and 14‐residue products is strain‐specific and depends on growth conditions as well. Possible mechanisms of module skipping are discussed. 相似文献
80.
Wuczkowski M Druzhinina I Gherbawy Y Klug B Prillinger H Kubicek CP 《Microbiological research》2003,158(2):125-133
We investigated the occurrence and genetic diversity of Trichoderma in the river Danube national park, a primeval, riparian forest area located south-east of Vienna (Austria) which represents one of the last cases of an original European river-floodplain landscape. Forty-six strains were isolated and identified at the species level by analysis of morphological characters, by sequence analysis of their internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 (ITS 1 and 2) of the rDNA cluster and--in some cases--a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1alpha (tef1) gene, and RAPD-analysis. Twenty-one strains were positively identified as T. harzianum, thirteen as T. rossicum, four as T. cerinum, two as T. hamatum, and one each as T. atroviride and T. koningii: four strains yielded two different ITS1 and 2 as well as tef1 sequence types, which were not alignable with any known species. Our studies show that they represent two new taxa of Trichoderma. 相似文献