Toxoplasma gondii antigen SAG2A differentially modulates IL-1β expression in resistant and susceptible murine peritoneal cells

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - The cell surface of Toxoplasma gondii is covered by antigens (SAGs) from the SRS family anchored by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and includes antigens...     

Analysis of the mitochondrial D-Loop reveals that neither river boundaries nor geographic distance structure the fine-scale genetic variation of an Amazonian treefrog

Hydrobiologia - While most anurans have limited vagility and local fidelity, there are some exceptions. In the present study, we used Boana boans, a large treefrog found throughout most of the...     

To what degree do spatial and limnological predictors explain the occurrence of a submerged macrophyte species in lotic and semi-lotic/lentic environments of a dammed river?

Limnology - Insufficient knowledge about ecology of weed macrophytes from a large-scale perspective narrows the necessary decision-making for biodiversity conservation. The present study aimed to...     

Human MC4R variants affect endocytosis,trafficking and dimerization revealing multiple cellular mechanisms involved in weight regulation

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Food choice from endemic North Carolina tree species by captive prosimians (Lemur fulvus)

Seven captive-born lemurs (Lemur fulvus) at the Duke University Primate Center were presented with leaves of different maturity from five species of North Carolina trees. The animals demonstrated three distinct behaviors toward the novel plant material. They sniffed, tasted, and/or ingested it. New leaves were sniffed, but little tasting and ingestion was observed. Intermediate pine needles were sniffed and ingested but little tasted. Mature leaves were sniffed equally, but the mature leaves of tulip trees and honeysuckle were tasted significantly more than pine, sweetgum, and red maple. Pine, sweetgum, and red maple were ingested significantly more than tulip trees and honeysuckle. Male lemurs ate significantly more mature pine needles and new sweetgum leaves than did the females. Chemical analysis of these plant materials indicated that the new and mature leaves of tulip tree and honeysuckle contained alkaloids. Captive-born lemurs apparently use their sense of smell and taste in choosing what to eat and seem just as capable as free-ranging animals in finding food when faced with the chemical defenses that protect trees from insect predation.