长白山树舌水溶性色素多糖CF_1的分离纯化与结构研究

 从长白山树舌子实体中分离色素多糖,其均一性检查用Sepharose CL-4B柱层析、高压玻璃纤维纸电泳、醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳、超离心分析等方法,用凝胶层析测定的分子量为18.5万。 均一的脱色多糖(CF_1a)分子量为14万。用红外光谱,G.C,~1H-N.M.R,~(13)CN.M.R,高碘酸氧化与Smith降解,甲基化分析等确定其结构为葡聚糖,其基本结构可能如下式: 总色素用次氯酸氧化法测定为24％。在色素多糖中的色素可能是聚合形式。色 素经薄层层析、紫外吸收性质检查等表明可能是新黄酮类化合物。     

新疆外来入侵植物意大利苍耳和刺苍耳种子的越冬性能

入侵新疆的外来植物意大利苍耳和刺苍耳的果实于深秋季节成熟后,便开始陆续脱落。脱离母体的果实可能会落置在干燥的地面上,还有可能会掉落在水体中,还有部分果实会保留在枝条上并不脱落直到翌年春天。由于越冬生境的差异会直接影响翌年春天种子的萌发活性,为了评价外来入侵植物意大利苍耳和刺苍耳的入侵能力,预测其潜在分布区,为对其实施有效防控提供科学指导。故模拟了其种子在新疆自然条件下可能遭遇的冬季生境类型,设计了4种实验处理,即低温换水浸泡(模拟了落入流水或大型水体中结冰前的生境)、低温不换水浸泡(模拟了落入小型静水中结冰前的生境)、冰冻(模拟了落入水体中结冰后的生境)和干燥冷冻处理(模拟了掉落在干燥地面或一直停留在植株上的生境类型),并以室温干燥储存为对照。处理90 d后,进行种子萌发实验,结果显示干冻、冰冻及低温换水浸泡处理后意大利苍耳的萌发率与对照组无显著差异,不换水浸泡处理降低了意大利苍耳种子的活力,显著降低了其萌发能力。而干冻处理对刺苍耳种子的萌发没有影响,冷水浸泡(换水浸泡和不换水浸泡)显著降低刺苍耳的萌发率,与对照组相比分别下降了37%、65%。冰冻处理后刺苍耳没有萌发。说明意大利苍耳种子对新疆的各种越冬生境均有较好的耐受性,而刺苍耳种子对低温和水淹环境的耐受性较差。鉴于二者种子萌芽习性的特点,建议在全疆范围内的中生、湿生和季节性水涝生境中对意大利苍耳实施全方位的监控,农田、林下、路边、渠旁、湖泊及水库周围都有可能成为其潜在的入侵地;对刺苍耳的重点监测区域则应当放在低纬度、低海拔的中生和中旱生生境,尤其要切实加强南疆各国际口岸进口货物的检疫工作。     

Periplocymarin alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy via inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is the most important risk factor for developing chronic heart failure. Therefore, the discovery of novel agents for treating pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains urgent. In the present study, we examined the therapeutic effect and mechanism of periplocymarin (PM)‐mediated protection against pathological cardiac hypertrophy using angiotensinII (AngII)‐stimulated cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cells and transverse aortic constriction (TAC)‐induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. In vitro, PM treatment significantly reduced the surface area of H9c2 cells and expressions of hypertrophy‐related proteins. Meanwhile, PM markedly down‐regulated AngII‐induced translocation of p‐STAT3 into the nuclei and enhanced the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 proteins. The STAT3 specific inhibitor S3I‐201 or siRNA‐mediated depleted expression could alleviate AngII‐induced cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cells following PM treatment; however, PM failed to reduce the expressions of hypertrophy‐related proteins and phosphorylated STAT3 in STAT3‐overexpressing cells, indicating that PM protected against AngII‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by modulating STAT3 signalling. In vivo, PM reversed TAC‐induced cardiac hypertrophy, as determined by down‐regulating ratios of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW), heart weight to tibial length (HW/TL) and expressions of hypertrophy‐related proteins accompanied by the inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. These results revealed that PM could effectively protect the cardiac structure and function in experimental models of pathological cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. PM is expected to be a potential lead compound of the novel agents for treating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.     

嗜热四膜虫可变剪接基因鉴定及功能分析

可变剪接是产生蛋白质组多样性和调节基因表达的重要机制,相关研究在高等真核生物中开展较多,而在单细胞真核生物中则较少,尤其是单细胞原生动物纤毛虫中,仅有少量报道。本文基于单细胞模式原生动物嗜热四膜虫种大量转录组数据,对其可变剪接基因进行了鉴定及分析。在嗜热四膜虫中共鉴定到2 894个可变剪接位点,涉及到2 698个可变剪接基因,可分为四类。考虑到转录本拼接的准确性,选择了其中464个与基因组预测模型完全一致的可变剪接基因进行深入分析,其中生长(growth)时期、饥饿(starvation)时期、接合生殖(conjugation)时期特异性的可变剪接基因分别为49个、79个和135个。对可变剪接基因的功能进行分析表明其涉及的功能广泛且显著富集于蛋白激酶过程,提示可变剪接基因在嗜热四膜虫蛋白磷酸化和信号传导中具有重要作用。     

Overexpression of cloned genes using recombinant Escherichia coli regulated by a T7 promoter: II. Two-stage continuous cultures and model simulations

A two-stage culture strategy was studied for continuous high-level production of a foreign protein in the chemically inducible T7 expression system. The first stage is dedicated to the maintenance of plasmid-bearing cells and the second stage to the target protein synthesis by induction of cells coming from the first stage. On entering the second stage, recombinant cells undergo a gradual induction of the target gene expression. These plasmid-bearing cells experience dynamic changes in intracellular compositions and specific growth rates with their individual residence times. Therefore, the overall cultural characteristics in the production stage are really averages of the contributions from the various cells with different residence times. The behavior of the two-stage culture is described by a model, which accounts for dynamic variations of cell growth and protein synthesis rates with cell residence times. Model simulations were compared with experimental results at a variety of operating conditions such as inducer concentration and dilution rate. This model is useful for understanding the behavior of two-stage continuous cultures. (c) 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

长白山阔叶红松林土壤N2O排放通量的变化特征

采用静态密闭箱 /气相色谱分析方法对长白山阔叶红松林两个样地的N2 O排放通量进行了测定。结果表明 ,凋落物对林地土壤N2 O排放的影响是显著的 ,其对全年N2 O排放的平均贡献率是 36 89%。长白山阔叶红松林土壤是大气N2 O一个重要的源 ,但在极少的天气状况下也能吸收大气中的N2 O ,而起着汇的作用。其排放通量的变化范围是 - 4 1 4 8～ 2 91 84μgN2 O·m-2 ·h-1,平均通量是 6 8 7μgN2 O·m-2 ·h-1,高于其他类型林地的排放通量 ,且变动范围也较其他森林类型大。无凋落物林地土壤N2 O排放通量变化范围是 - 2 3 2 4～ 93 75 μgN2 O·m-2 ·h-1,平均通量为 33 79μgN2 O·m-2 ·h-1。两个样地N2 O排放通量的季节变化特征相似 :夏季N2 O的排放通量最高 ,春季次之 ,秋冬两季较低且趋于平稳。昼夜变化趋势也相似 :N2 O排放通量的最大值都出现在 18∶0 0 ,最小值都出现在 12∶0 0和 14∶0 0。研究还表明 ,林地土壤N2 O的排放通量与地表温度和地下 5cm温度的相关性较好 ,无凋落物的样地N2 O的排放通量仅与地下 5cm温度的相关性较好。     

Epithelium Expressing the E7 Oncoprotein of HPV16 Attracts Immune-Modulatory Dendritic Cells to the Skin and Suppresses Their Antigen-Processing Capacity

Antigen presenting cells (APCs) in skin can promote either antigen-specific effector functions or antigen tolerance, and thus determine clearance or persistence of cutaneous viral infections. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections can persist in squamous epithelium in immunocompetent individuals, and some persisting HPV infections, particularly with HPV16, promote malignant epithelial transformation. Here, we investigate whether local expression of the HPV16 protein most associated with malignant transformation, HPV16-E7, affects the phenotype and function of APC subsets in the skin. We demonstrate an expanded population of Langerhans cells in HPV16-E7 transgenic skin with distinct cell surface markers which express immune-modulatory enzymes and cytokines not expressed by cells from non transgenic skin. Furthermore, HPV16-E7 transgene expression in keratinocytes attracts new APC subsets to the epidermis. In vivo migration and transport of antigen to the draining lymph node by these APCs is markedly enhanced in HPV16-E7 expressing skin, whereas antigen-processing, as measured by proteolytic cleavage of DQ-OVA and activation of T cells in vivo by APCs, is significantly impaired. These data suggest that local expression of HPV16-E7 in keratinocytes can contribute to persisting infection with this oncogenic virus, by altering the phenotype and function of local APCs.     

围手术期应用ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对胃癌根治术患者术后恢复及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨围手术期应用ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对胃癌根治术患者术后恢复及生活质量的影响。方法:选择2015年1月～2016年12月期间南充市中心医院收治并行胃癌根治术的胃癌患者100例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组接受常规静脉营养支持治疗,观察组在此基础上接受ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸治疗。检测并比较两组患者术前、术后1d、术后2周血清视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)、前白蛋白(PA)、白蛋白(ALB)、转铁蛋白(RTF)、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+细胞水平,并于术前、术后2周应用生活质量核心量表(EORTCQ LQ-C30)评价患者生活质量。结果:两组患者术后1d以及对照组术后2周的RBP、PA、ALB、RTF、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均较术前显著降低(P0.05),而CD8~+均较术前显著升高(P0.05),术后1 d、术后2周观察组RBP、PA、ALB、RTF、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+显著高于对照组(P0.05),而CD8~+显著低于对照组(P0.05);术后两组患者EORTCQ LQ-C30功能量表各项评分较术前均显著提高,症状量表各项评分较术前显著降低(P0.05),术后观察组功能量表各项评分显著高于对照组,症状量表各项评分显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:应用ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸能够促进胃癌根治术后患者机体免疫功能的恢复,改善患者的营养状况,提高患者的生活质量。     

飞蝗可溶型海藻糖酶基因的序列分析及mRNA表达特性

海藻糖酶是海藻糖代谢过程中的一个关键酶, 在昆虫发育和能量调节中具有重要作用, 为进一步探讨海藻糖酶基因的功能, 本文分析了飞蝗Locusta migratoria一可溶型海藻糖酶基因的氨基酸序列并对其mRNA表达特性进行了研究。结果表明： 该海藻糖酶（TRE, GenBank登录号： FJ795020）不含有跨膜结构。系统进化树分析结果显示, 该酶与大豆蚜Aphis glycines、 豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum、 褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens和灰飞虱Laodelphax striatella可溶型海藻糖酶具有较近的亲缘关系, 因此我们将该酶的基因命名为LmTre-1。对该基因在不同组织和发育时期表达量的荧光定量 PCR 分析表明： LmTre-1在卵发育前期、 中期的表达量都很低, 卵发育后期表达量显著提高; LmTre-1在5龄若虫和成虫被检测的组织部位中均有表达, 在体壁中的表达量最高, 其次是在脂肪体、 肌肉、 气管、 精巢及卵巢中; 5龄飞蝗刚蜕皮后LmTre-1在体壁中的表达量较高, 随着生长发育其表达量逐渐降低; LmTre-1在成虫发育期体壁中稳定高表达。LmTre-1的mRNA表达特性与几丁质合成酶1基因非常相似, 据此推测该基因可能与体壁几丁质的合成相关。本研究为深入探讨该基因的生理功能提供了重要的基础数据, 并为以海藻糖酶为杀虫靶标的农药筛选奠定实验基础。     

GSK-3β Polymorphism Discriminates Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Meta-Analysis

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a well-known conserved and ubiquitous protein kinase and playing a pivotal role in neurodevelopment, neurogenesis, learning/memory, and neuronal cell death. Dysfunction of GSK-3 had been seen in multiple neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are two common psychiatric diseases first occur in adolescence or young adulthood. They share similar risk genes as well as clinical symptoms, which make it is difficult to be discriminated from each other. Here, by using meta-analysis we reported that glycogen synthase kinase 3β promoter inactive mutant rs334558 may contribute to the development of schizophrenia not bipolar disorder. This might be used to distinguish these two diseases.