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排序方式: 共有748条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
741.
Dr. Giuseppe Salemi Donatella Ferraro Giovanni Savettieri 《Neurochemical research》1990,15(8):827-831
The effect of Triiodothyronine (T3) on Synapsin I appearance in rat cortical neurons has been investigated in vitro. Neuronal cultures from 16-day-old fetal rat brain grown in the absence of T3, express immunohystochemically detectable Synapsin I at the 14th day in vitro. The addition of the hormone to the culture medium determines an early (at the 7th day in vitro) appearance of fluorescent dots specific for Synapsin I. 相似文献
742.
Miriam R. Anver Bennett J. Cohen Charles P. Lattuada Sumner J. Foster 《Gerodontology》1982,1(2):43-64
Age-associated lesions were characterized in two outbred stocks of barrier-reared male Sprague-Dawley rats. Seventy-two virgin Hap:(SD) between 6–29 months of age and 113 retired breeder Crl:COBS[R]CD[R](SD) between 12–38 months of age were evaluated for the presence of lesions in all major organ systems. Rats of both stocks developed a spectrum of neoplastic, inflammatory and degenerative diseases with highest prevalence in the oldest age groups. In general, the shorter-lived Hap:(SD) rats had greater incidences and severity of lesions when compared to Crl:COBS[R]CD[R]SD of similar ages. Many of these differences were not apparent when the two stocks were compared over their respective life spans. The study provides baseline pathology data relevant to the use of these rats in gerontologic research. 相似文献
743.
Silvano Monarca Donatella Feretti Alberto Zanardini Massimo Moretti Milena Villarini Berthold Spiegelhalder Ilaria Zerbini Umberto Gelatti Eugenio Lebbolo 《Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis》2001,490(2)
This research was designed to examine the presence of mutagenic/carcinogenic compounds in airborne pollutants in the rubber industry using an integrated chemical/biological approach. Inhalable airborne particulate matter (PM-10: <10 μm) was collected in four rubber factories using a high-volume sampler equipped with a cascade impactor for particle fractionation. The organic extracts of two different fractions (0.5–10 μm and <0.5 μm) were examined for mutagenicity with the Ames test and for in vitro DNA-damaging activity in human leukocytes by single-cell microgel electrophoresis (Comet assay). The extracts were also studied by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. Nitrosamines in ambient air were sampled on cartridges and analysed by GC with a thermal energy analyser (TEA) detector. Airborne volatile genotoxins were monitored in situ using a clastogenicity plant test (Tradescantia/micronuclei test). The results showed that airborne particulates were mainly very fine (<0.5 μm) and that trace amounts of genotoxic nitrosamines (N-nitrosodimethylamine: 0.10–0.98 μg/m3; N-nitrosomorpholine: 0.77–2.40 μg/m3) and PAH (total PAH: 0.34–11.35 μg/m3) were present in air samples. Some extracts, particularly those obtained from the finest fractions, were mutagenic with the Ames test and genotoxic with the Comet assay. In situ monitoring of volatile mutagens using the Tradescantia/micronuclei test gave positive results in two working environments. The results showed the applicability of this integrated chemical–biological approach for detecting volatile and non-volatile genotoxins and for monitoring genotoxic hazards in the rubber industry. 相似文献
744.
Donatella Magri 《Journal of Biogeography》2008,35(3):450-463
Aim Establishing possible relationships between the magnitudes of the glacial distribution of the European beech, Fagus sylvatica L., and its post-glacial spread.
Location Europe.
Methods A database of over 400 pollen records has been used to locate Fagus populations at the end of the last glacial and during the post-glacial in Europe and to assess the areal extent of their past distribution.
Results The rate of late-glacial and post-glacial increase in the number of pollen sites where Fagus was locally present conforms well to a logistic model of population growth. This suggests that the area occupied by beech populations expanded exponentially from the glacial refugia for a duration of over 10,000 years, until about 3500 yr bp . In the past three millennia beech populations increased at a slower rate, tending towards an equilibrium value.
Main conclusions The conformity of the increase in beech distribution to the classical logistic model of population growth indicates that: (1) a multiplicative biological process was the main factor shaping the pattern of the post-glacial expansion of F. sylvatica in Europe, (2) climate conditions, human activity and competition may have influenced its rate of spread, and (3) beech populations did not expand with a moving closed front, but with a diffuse spread from scattered nuclei. The distribution of Fagus in Europe at the end of the last glacial appears to have been of two orders of magnitude less extensive than at present. Pleistocene refugia were likely to have been a mosaic of sparse stands of small populations scattered in multiple regions. Fagus populations appear to have increased very slowly and to a moderate extent in southern Europe, where they are now declining slightly. The central European populations increased quickly and extensively, reaching northern Europe, and are now approaching their carrying capacity. 相似文献
Location Europe.
Methods A database of over 400 pollen records has been used to locate Fagus populations at the end of the last glacial and during the post-glacial in Europe and to assess the areal extent of their past distribution.
Results The rate of late-glacial and post-glacial increase in the number of pollen sites where Fagus was locally present conforms well to a logistic model of population growth. This suggests that the area occupied by beech populations expanded exponentially from the glacial refugia for a duration of over 10,000 years, until about 3500 yr bp . In the past three millennia beech populations increased at a slower rate, tending towards an equilibrium value.
Main conclusions The conformity of the increase in beech distribution to the classical logistic model of population growth indicates that: (1) a multiplicative biological process was the main factor shaping the pattern of the post-glacial expansion of F. sylvatica in Europe, (2) climate conditions, human activity and competition may have influenced its rate of spread, and (3) beech populations did not expand with a moving closed front, but with a diffuse spread from scattered nuclei. The distribution of Fagus in Europe at the end of the last glacial appears to have been of two orders of magnitude less extensive than at present. Pleistocene refugia were likely to have been a mosaic of sparse stands of small populations scattered in multiple regions. Fagus populations appear to have increased very slowly and to a moderate extent in southern Europe, where they are now declining slightly. The central European populations increased quickly and extensively, reaching northern Europe, and are now approaching their carrying capacity. 相似文献
745.
Camillo Branca Vincenzo Plazzi Marina Vitto Fabrizio Bordi Donatella Serafini Fracassini Nello Bagni 《Phytochemistry》1975,14(12):2545-2550
The 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl-acetic and -3-yl-butyric acids and their ethyl esters, amides and nitriles are generally active in the split pea stem test, induce an increase in both length and fresh weight of pea internodes, inhibit the development of pea roots, and, with some exceptions (1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl-butyric amide and nitrile), induce the production of ethylene by pea segments. Moreover they stimulate cell multiplication and raise the degree of hydration of Helianthus tuberosus explants grown in vitro. These activities are often similar or sometimes higher than those of IAA. By contrast, the 1,2-benzisothiazole derivatives having a side chain with an odd number of carbon atoms (-3-yl-carboxylic and propionic acids, amides, ethyl esters and nitriles) are inactive or show a far lower activity. 相似文献
746.
Guido Greco Jr. Donatella Albanesi Maria Cantarella Liliana Gianfreda Rosaria Palescandolo Vincenzo Scardi 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1979,8(4):249-261
Summary An ultrafiltration membrane enzymatic reactor is used in connection with different reacting systems.The experimental conditions are such that the enzyme, which operates at fairly high concentration levels because of the concentration polarization phenomena taking place in the reactor, is still in soluble form.The analysis of the system unsteady-state response enables the identification of the mechanism of enzyme deactivation and the extraction of the kinetic parameters of both the deactivation and the main reaction.The stabilizing effect observed in connection with enzyme entrapment within an inert gel deposited onto the U.F. membrane active surface is also discussed.List of Symbols A
U.F. membrane cross sectional area cm2
- CE
Enzyme concentration mg/ml
- CEI
Enzyme concentration at the active membrane surface mg/ml
- CE
Mean enzyme concentration mg/ml
- c
s
o
Substrate concentration in the feed m moles/ml
- c
s
u
Substrate concentration in the outlet m moles/ml
- DE
Enzyme diffusivity cm2/s
- Km
michaelis constant mM
- k2
Kinetic constant of the enzymatic reaction m moles/mg s
- kd
Kinetic constant of the enzyme deactivation reaction s–1
- No
Initial amount of active enzyme mg
- N(t)
Active enzyme amount at reaction time t mg
- Q
Flow rate ml/s
- r
Rate of the main reaction m moles/ml s
- t
Reaction time s
- t*
Reaction time at which product concentration in the outlet is within ± 2% of the steady-state value s
- v
Fluid velocity cm/s
- V
Cell volume ml
- VB
Volume within which 99% of the enzyme fed is contained at the steady-state ml
- VS
Volume within which 99% of the total substrate concentration drop occurs at the steady-state ml
- x
Distance upstream the membrane measured from the membrane surface cm 相似文献
747.
We report on the effects that the presence of ethylene glycol or glycerol has on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. We attribute these effects to an altered equilibrium between T and R quaternary conformations of hemoglobin and separate them into bulk-electrostatic and non-bulk-electrostatic contributions to the standard free-energy difference between the R and T states. 相似文献
748.