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41.
Shishkov A Bogacheva E Fedorova N Ksenofontov A Badun G Radyukhin V Lukashina E Serebryakova M Dolgov A Chulichkov A Dobrov E Baratova L 《The FEBS journal》2011,278(24):4905-4916
The structure of the C-terminal domain of the influenza virus A matrix M1 protein, for which X-ray diffraction data were still missing, was studied in acidic solution. Matrix M1 protein was bombarded with thermally-activated tritium atoms, and the resulting intramolecular distribution of the tritium label was analyzed to assess the steric accessibility of the amino acid residues in this protein. This technique revealed that interdomain loops and the C-terminal domain of the protein are the most accessible to labeling with tritium atoms. A model of the spatial arrangement of the C-terminal domain of matrix M1 protein was generated using rosetta software adjusted to the data obtained by tritium planigraphy experiments. This model suggests that the C-terminal domain is an almost flat layer with a three-α-helical structure. To explain the high level of tritium label incorporation into the C-terminal domain of the M1 protein in an acidic solution, we also used independent experimental approaches (CD spectroscopy, limited proteolysis and MALDI-TOF MS analysis of the proteolysis products, dynamic light scattering and analytical ultracentrifugation), as well as multiple computational algorithms, to analyse the intrinsic protein disorder. Taken together, the results obtained in the present study indicate that the C-terminal domain is weakly structured. We hypothesize that the specific 3D structural peculiarities of the M1 protein revealed in acidic pH solution allow the protein greater structural flexibility and enable it to interact effectively with the components of the host cell. 相似文献
42.
Direct and indirect effects of global warming are expected to be pronounced and fast in the Arctic, impacting terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. The Barents Sea is a high latitude shelf Sea and a boundary area between arctic and boreal faunas. These faunas are likely to respond differently to changes in climate. In addition, the Barents Sea is highly impacted by fisheries and other human activities. This strong human presence places great demands on scientific investigation and advisory capacity. In order to identify basic community structures against which future climate related or other human induced changes could be evaluated, we analyzed species composition and diversity of demersal fish in the Barents Sea. We found six main assemblages that were separated along depth and temperature gradients. There are indications that climate driven changes have already taken place, since boreal species were found in large parts of the Barents Sea shelf, including also the northern Arctic area. When modelling diversity as a function of depth and temperature, we found that two of the assemblages in the eastern Barents Sea showed lower diversity than expected from their depth and temperature. This is probably caused by low habitat complexity and the distance to the pool of boreal species in the western Barents Sea. In contrast coastal assemblages in south western Barents Sea and along Novaya Zemlya archipelago in the Eastern Barents Sea can be described as diversity "hotspots"; the South-western area had high density of species, abundance and biomass, and here some species have their northern distribution limit, whereas the Novaya Zemlya area has unique fauna of Arctic, coastal demersal fish. (see Information S1 for abstract in Russian). 相似文献
43.
E. N. Bogacheva A. A. Dolgov A. L. Chulichkov A. V. Shishkov A. L. Ksenofontov N. V. Fedorova L. A. Baratova 《Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry》2012,38(1):56-63
The structure of the M1 protein of the influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8, subtype H1N1) in solution at acidic pH and
in the composition of the virion has been studied by the tritium planigraphy method. A model of the spatial structure was
constructed using a special algorithm simulating the experiment and a set of algorithms for predicting the secondary structure
and disordered regions in proteins. The tertiary structure was refined using the Rosetta program. For a comparison of the
structures in solution and inside the virion, the data of X-ray diffraction analysis for the NM domain were also used. The
main difference in the structures of the protein in solution and the crystalline state is observed in the region of contact
of N and M domains, which in the crystalline state is packed more densely. The regions of the maximum label incorporation
almost completely coincide with unstructured regions in the protein that were predicted by the bioinformatics analysis. These
regions are concentrated in the C domain and in loop regions between M, N, and C domains. The data were confirmed by analytical
centrifugation and dynamic light scattering. Anomalous hydrodynamic dimensions and a low structuration of the M1 protein in
solution were found. The polyfunctionality of the protein in the cell is probably related to its flexible tertiary structure,
which, owing to unstructured regions, provides contact with various partner molecules. 相似文献
44.
45.
I. B. Nedosekina A. G. Nedosekin V. A. Dolgov 《Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin》2008,63(3):123-126
The composition of two samples of the masked shrew Sorex caecutiens Lax. from the middle taiga zone of the European part of Russia is analyzed with consideration of morphometric data. Analysis of individual variability of shrews revealed special distinctions of subspecies organization within the climatic zone. 相似文献
46.
Kudriavtseva NN Dolgov VV Avgustinovich DF Alekseenko OV Lipina TV Koriakina LA 《Rossi?skii fiziologicheski? zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova / Rossi?skaia akademiia nauk》2001,87(2):227-238
In mice with different experience of agonistic confrontations: victories or social defeats during 3 and 10 days (T3 and T10 winners and T3 and T10 losers, resp.), T10 winners displayed a lesser aggression and a more hostile behaviour than T3 winners. Naltrexone dose-dependently decreased attacks in the T3 winners and did not affect aggressive grooming, diggings, autogrooming, and exploratory activity. Naltrexone was ineffective in T10 winners. The naltrexone effects were similar in T3 and T10 losers and its high and low doses contrarily affected different parameters of submissive behaviour. The repeated experience of agonistic confrontations seems to modify the naltrexone effects depending on a neurochemical background, differing in winners and losers. 相似文献
47.
Kudriavtseva NN Dolgov VV Bondar' NP Avgustinovich DF 《Zhurnal vysshe? nervno? deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova》2003,53(1):81-87
Effects of mu-opioid receptor agonist DAGO (2.0 mg/kg, s.c.) on anxioUs, hostile, and aggressive behaviors of male mice with repeated 3- and 20-day experience of aggression accompanied by victories (T3 and T20 winners, respectively) were stUdied. T20 winners showed lower aggression (attacking and biting) and hostile behavior and were more anxioUs (estimated by plUs-maze test) than T3 winners. In the plUs-maze test DAGO prodUced anxiogenic effects in intact males and was ineffective in T3 and T20 winners testifying to a decrease in mu-receptor sensitivity Under the inflUence of repeated aggression. In agonistic confrontation test, DAGO increased aggressive grooming in T20 winners, decreased hostile behavior (digging and throwing partner's litter) in T3 winners, and did not inflUence attacks in both groUps. It is sUggested that mu-opioid receptors are involved into forming the aggressive behavioral type in mice, and DAGO effects may be conditioned by emotional backgroUnd of these behavioral forms. 相似文献
48.
The effect of selective agents on the efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of pear was shown. The transformation frequency of the pear stock PS no. 217 by a binary vector carrying the nptII gene conferring kanamycin resistance was 0.4 or 3.1%, while the hpt gene for hygromycin resistance used as a selective marker increased transformation frequency to 6.2 (11.5%). In addition, upon selection on hygromycin B, the proportion of pseudotransgenic regenerants considerably decreased. In four transformation experiments, twenty independent clones were recovered, and their transgenic nature was confirmed by PCR, histochemical, and fluorometric analyses of GUS activity. The presence of introns in the coding region of a heterologous gene was shown to influence the efficiency and stability of transgene expression in plant tissues. Fluorometric determination of GUS activity conducted for a period of two years demonstrated a threefold increase in transgene expression in the case that an intron-containing construct was used for transformation. The expression level was rather stable across several years. The transformation procedure developed may be used for successful expression of heterologous genes controlling agronomic characters in pear plants. 相似文献
49.
50.
Diaz-Perez, S. V., Crouch, V. W., and Orbach, M. J. 1996. Construction and characterization of a Magnaporthe grisea bacterial artificial chromosome library. Fungal Genet. Biol. 20, 280-288. A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of Magnaporthe grisea containing 4128 clones with an average insert size of 66-kb has been constructed. This library represents seven genome equivalents of M. grisea and has been demonstrated to be representative of the genome by screening for the presence of several single-copy genes and DNA markers. The utility of the library for use in map-based cloning projects was shown by the spanning of a nine-cosmid, 207-kb DNA contig with only 3 BAC clones. In addition, using a lys1-3 auxotroph, we have shown that BAC clones at least 113 kb can be transformed into M. grisea to screen for complementation of mutations. Thus, BACs isolated in chromosome walks can be rapidly screened for the presence of the sought after gene. The ease of construction of BAC libraries and of isolation and manipulation of BAC clones makes the BAC system an ideal one for physical analyses of fungal genomes. 相似文献