Experimental observation of electron beam generation in the paraxial region of a high-current discharge due to a pinch effect

The phenomenon of “runaway” of electrons in the paraxial region of a Z-pinch discharge in the heavy element environment has been experimentally observed using the methods of pulsed optical shadowgraphy, X-ray pinhole imaging, and time-of-flight measurements.     

Predatory aggressiveness of the rat after intraventricular administration of individual brain-specific proteins of the S-100 group and their peptide fragments

Intraventricular injections to rats of the basic fraction of the brain specific protein S-100 in a concentration of 3 mg/ml, significantly facilitates the formation of their predatory aggression induced by the alimentary deprivation and social isolation, expressed in mice killing. This effect is not produced by fragments of S-100 molecules obtained as a result of treatment of the basic protein fraction by proteolytic enzymes. Administration of the minor S-100 fraction, albumin and rats summate brain proteins did not influence animals predatory aggression.     

Peculiarities of the spatial structure and dynamics of the plasma of a fast Z-pinch produced in the high-Z medium of a high-current vacuum spark

The spatial structure and dynamics of the plasma of a high-current vacuum spark is investigated using pulsed shadowgraphy. Anisotropy of the plasma outflow from a micropinch region has been revealed. The existence of cavities in the sausage-type instability in the final stage of pinching has been recorded. The formation of a filamentary plasma structure at the discharge periphery is revealed.     

Spatial structure of the neck and acceleration processes in a micropinch

It is shown that the spatial structure of the micropinch neck during the transition from magnetohydrodynamic to radiative compression and the bremsstrahlung spectrum of the discharge in the photon energy range of up to 30 keV depend on the configuration of the inner electrode of the coaxial electrode system of the micropinch discharge. Analysis of the experimental results indicates that the acceleration processes in the electron component of the micropinch plasma develop earlier than radiative compression.     

Inhibition of liver lysosomal cholesterol esterase activity in rats by dextran blue in vivo and in vitro

Dextran blue decreases the activity of lysosomal acid cholesteryl esterase of rat liver at a concentration from 0.25 M to 10 M without altering acid phosphatase, acid beta-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase activities. The dextran blue filled lysosomes with a high degree of purity prepared by centrifugation over the linear sucrose density gradient contained insignificant impurities (up to 19%) of protein from other organelles. The specific activity of acid phosphatase, beta-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase was increased 35-40-fold in this fraction, whereas the activity of acid cholesteryl esterase rose but 14.7-fold. Chromatography on a Sepharose 2B column of the digitonin-digested native and dextran-containing lysosomes attests to the formation of large dextran aggregates with lysosomal matrix proteins. Since aggregation of dextran blue with acid phosphatase, beta-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase does not affect their activities, it is concluded that to bring about hydrolysis of lipoprotein cholesterol esters, it is necessary that cholesteryl esterase be associated with hydrophobic macromolecules. Moreover, dextran blue can be used for simulation cholesterol esters deposition in lysosomes.     

Generation of superthermal electrons in a micropinch discharge

Results are presented from experimental studies of the formation of the superthermal electron component in a micropinch discharge plasma. Radiative collapse in a Z-pinch is found to affect the energy of the accelerated electrons. That the radiative collapse has been reached may be inferred from the energy of the emitted hard X-ray photons.     

Effects of tocopherol on functional reserves of phagocytes

The addition of alpha-tocopherol into rats died (4 mg a day during 7 days) brings a twofold increase in tocopherol content in blood plasma and 1,3 fold increase in peritoneal macrophages. Viscosity of membrane lipids of macrophages was decreased. Control and experimental macrophages had identical activity of oxygen-dependent processes and ability for cholesterol esterification.     

Annotated list of fish-like vertebrates and fish of the Kara Sea

Based on literature and new actual data from 2007–2012, a revised list of fish species inhabiting the Kara Sea is given. The modern ichthyofauna of the Kara Sea comprises 77 species of marine, anadromous, and freshwater fish from 24 families of 14 orders. For the first time, 12 fish species are indicated for this region.