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Haiyue Niu Xiaohong Zhou Xuguang Zhang Tongjie Liu Yifan Wu Linzheng Lyu Cong Liang Shiwei Chen Pimin Gong Jiliang Zhang Xue Han Shilong Jiang Lanwei Zhang 《Environmental microbiology》2021,23(3):1750-1764
Infants often experience complementary food-induced diarrhoea (CFID), which occurs when infants switch from breast milk to solid foods. The relative abundances of Prevotella and Rothia were higher in stools of infants with CFID, while the relative abundances of Enterococcus and Escherichia were higher in healthy infants. The abundance of Lactobacillus spp. normally found in breast milk fed to infants with CFID was significantly reduced, and Enterococcus spp. were less abundant when diarrhoea occurred. Furthermore, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus were present as shared bacteria in both mother and infant, and they were considered potential anti-CFID probiotics as their relative abundances in breast milk were negatively correlated to infant CFID. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) functional analysis showed that the function of amino acid metabolism differed between infants with CFID and healthy infants. Therefore, CFID might be related to the decomposition of proteins in food supplements. The screening revealed seven hydrolytic casein and five hydrolytic casein and rice protein isolates from 320 suspected Lactobacillus and Enterococcus isolates. The animal experiments demonstrated that a mixture of five isolates effectively hydrolysed the casein and rice protein and prevented diarrhoea in young rats. Thus, the occurrence of CFID was found to be closely related to the intestinal and breast milk microbiota, and bacteria that could assist in the digestion of cereal proteins were involved in CFID. 相似文献
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林窗环境异质性导致群落物种多样性与系统发育多样性(phylogenetic diversity, PD)存在差异, 研究不同大小的林窗中群落的物种多样性与系统发育多样性有助于揭示林下生物多样性的形成及维持机制。本文以格氏栲(Castanopsis kawakamii)天然林为研究对象, 通过Pearson相关性分析与广义线性模型探讨了林窗内物种多样性与系统发育多样性间的相互关系及其环境影响因素。结果表明: (1)大林窗(面积 > 200 m2)植物种类及多度均高于中林窗(50 m2 ≤ 面积 < 100 m2)、小林窗(30 m2 ≤ 面积 < 50 m2)和非林窗(面积 = 100 m2)。大林窗群落系统发育结构趋于发散, 中、小林窗和非林窗群落系统发育结构受到生境过滤和竞争排斥综合作用。(2)群落系统发育多样性指数与物种丰富度(species richness, SR)、Margalef丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener指数均呈显著正相关, 这与林窗内稀有种种类组成多于优势种有关。(3)林窗面积对物种多样性存在显著正效应; 土壤全氮含量对系统发育多样性和系统发育结构存在显著正效应。林窗形成提高了格氏栲天然林群落物种多样性和系统发育多样性, 林窗面积与土壤全氮共同驱动了格氏栲天然林林窗物种多样性和系统发育多样性的变化。 相似文献
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The scope of this study is to achieve carrier-bound immobilization of catalase onto magnetic particles (Fe3O4 and Fe2O3NiO2 · H2O) to specify the optimum conditions of immobilization. Removal of H2O2 and the properties of immobilized sets were also investigated. To that end, adsorption and then cross-linking methods onto magnetic particles were performed. The optimum immobilization conditions were found for catalase: immobilization time (15 min for Fe3O4; 10 min for Fe2O3NiO2 · H2O), the initial enzyme concentration (1 mg/mL), amount of magnetic particles (25 mg), and glutaraldehyde concentration (3%). The activity reaction conditions (optimum temperature, optimum pH, pH stability, thermal stability, operational stability, and reusability) were characterized. Also kinetic parameters were calculated by Lineweaver–Burk plots. The optimum pH values were found to be 7.0, 7.0, and 8.0 for free enzyme, Fe3O4-immobilized catalases, and Fe2O3NiO2 · H2O-immobilized catalases, respectively. All immobilized catalase systems displayed the optimum temperature between 25 and 35°C. Reusability studies showed that Fe3O4-immobilized catalase can be used 11 times with 50% loss in original activity, while Fe2O3NiO2 · H2O-immobilized catalase lost 67% of activity after the same number of uses. Furthermore, immobilized catalase systems exhibited improved thermal and pH stability. The results transparently indicate that it is possible to have binding between enzyme and magnetic nanoparticles. 相似文献
78.
Süreyya Ölgen PInar Varol Tülay Çoban Doğu Nebioğlu 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(3):334-340
The in vitro antioxidant effects of novel N-substituted indole-3-carboxamides (I3CDs) 1-10 on rat liver microsomal NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation (LP) levels and their free radicals scavenging properties were determined by the inhibition of superoxide anion formation (SOD). Among the synthesized compounds, 4, 5, 8 and 9 significantly inhibited SOD with an inhibition range at 84–100% at 10? 3 M concentration. The presence of halo substituents both ortho- and para- positions of these compounds resulted 100% inhibition of SOD. Comparison the activity results of halogenated and non-halogenated derivatives suggested that the halogenated compounds are more active than the non-halogenated compounds. On the other hand, the introduction of a para fluoro benzyl in the 1-position of indole (compounds 7, 8) has more impact on the SOD inhibition when the benzamide ring was mono halogenated. However, none of other compounds had a significant inhibitory effects on the level of lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
79.
Sibel Suzen Pinar Bozkaya Tulay Coban Doğu Nebioğlu 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(4):405-411
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of many neurodegenerative diseases and also responsible from aging and some cancer types. Indolic compounds are a broad family of substances present in microorganisms, plants and animals. They are mainly related to tryptophan metabolism, and present particular properties that depend on their respective chemical structures. Due to free radical scavenger and antioxidant properties of indolic derivatives such as indolinic nitroxides and melatonin, a series of 2-phenyl indole derivatives were prepared and their in vitro effects on rat liver lipid peroxidation levels, superoxide formation and DPPH stable radical scavenging activities were determined against melatonin, BHT and α-tocopherol. The compounds significantly inhibited (72–98%) lipid peroxidation at 10? 3 M. These values were similar to that observed with BHT (88%). Possible structure–activity relationships of the compounds were discussed. 相似文献
80.
Cong Jiang Robert J. Suhadolnik David C. Baker 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(3):271-294
Abstract [2′-18O]- and [3′-18O]-Adenosine and [2′-18O]- and [3′-18O]-9-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl) adenine were synthesized from?appropriate nucleoside precursors. The sites of 18O-incorporation were determined by mass spectrometry. 18O-Induced 13C NMR shifts were measured for 2′-and 3′-labeled adenosines as 1.2 and 1.6 Hz, respectively. 相似文献