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Igor Jakovcevski Djordje Miljkovic Melitta Schachner Pavle R. Andjus 《Amino acids》2013,44(4):1115-1127
In vitro and in vivo studies on the role of tenascins have shown that the two paradigmatic glycoproteins of the tenascin family, tenascin-C (TnC) and tenascin-R (TnR) play important roles in cell proliferation and migration, fate determination, axonal pathfinding, myelination, and synaptic plasticity. As components of the extracellular matrix, both molecules show distinct, but also overlapping dual functions in inhibiting and promoting cell interactions depending on the cell type, developmental stage and molecular microenvironment. They are expressed by neurons and glia as well as, for TnC, by cells of the immune system. The functional relationship between neural and immune cells becomes relevant in acute and chronic nervous system disorders, in particular when the blood brain and blood peripheral nerve barriers are compromised. In this review, we will describe the functional parameters of the two molecules in cell interactions during development and, in the adult, in synaptic activity and plasticity, as well as regeneration after injury, with TnC being conducive for regeneration and TnR being inhibitory for functional recovery. Although not much is known about the role of tenascins in neuroinflammation, we will describe emerging knowledge on the interplay between neural and immune cells in autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and polyneuropathies. We will attempt to point out the directions of experimental approaches that we envisage would help gaining insights into the complex interplay of TnC and TnR with the cells that express them in pathological conditions of nervous and immune systems. 相似文献
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Tim?Luetkens Sebastian?Kobold Yanran?Cao Marina?Ristic Georgia?Schilling Sinje?Tams Britta?Marlen?Bartels Julia?Templin Katrin?Bartels York?Hildebrandt Sara?Yousef Andreas?Marx Friedrich?Haag Carsten?Bokemeyer Nicolaus?Kr?ger Djordje?AtanackovicEmail author 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2014,63(11):1151-1162
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the malignancy with the most frequent expression of the highly immunogenic cancer–testis antigens (CTA), and we have performed the first analysis of longitudinal expression, immunological properties, and fine specificity of CTA-specific antibody responses in MM.Methods
Frequency and characteristics of antibody responses against cancer–testis antigens MAGE-A3, NY-ESO-1, PRAME, and SSX-2 were analyzed using peripheral blood (N = 1094) and bone marrow (N = 200) plasma samples from 194 MM patients.Results
We found that antibody responses against CTA were surprisingly rare, only 2.6 and 3.1 % of patients evidenced NY-ESO-1- and SSX-2-specific antibodies, respectively. NY-ESO-1-specific responses were observed during disease progression, while anti-SSX-2 antibodies appeared after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and persisted during clinical remission. We found that NY-ESO-1- and SSX-2-specific antibodies were both capable of activating complement and increasing CTA uptake by antigen-presenting cells. SSX-2-specific antibodies were restricted to IgG3, NY-ESO-1 responses to IgG1 and IgG3. Remarkably, NY-ESO-1-positive sera recognized various non-contiguous regions, while SSX-2-specific responses were directed against a single 6mer epitope, SSX-285–90.Conclusions
We conclude that primary autoantibodies against intracellular MM-specific tumor antigens SSX-2 and NY-ESO-1 are rare but functional. While their contribution to disease control still remains unclear, our data demonstrate their theoretic ability to affect cellular anti-tumor immunity by formation and uptake of mono- and polyvalent immune complexes.65.
Durcan Ciara Hossain Mokarram Chagnon Grgory Peri Djordje Bsiesy Lara Karam Georges Girard Edouard 《Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology》2022,21(4):1169-1186
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - The oesophagus is a primarily mechanical organ whose material characterisation would aid in the investigation of its pathophysiology, help in the field... 相似文献
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T Ginsburg-Shmuel M Haas D Grbic G Arguin Y Nadel FP Gendron G Reiser B Fischer 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2012,20(18):5483-5495
P2Y(6) nucleotide receptor (P2Y(6)-R) plays important physiological roles, such as insulin secretion and reduction of intraocular pressure. However, this receptor is still lacking potent and selective agonists to be used as potential drugs. Here, we synthesized uracil nucleotides and dinucleotides, substituted at the C5 and/or P(α) position with methoxy and/or borano groups, 18-22. Compound 18A, R(p) isomer of 5-OMe-UDP(α-B), is the most potent and P2Y(6)-R selective agonist currently known (EC(50) 0.008μM) being 19-fold more potent than UDP and showing no activity at uridine nucleotide receptors, P2Y(2)- and P2Y(4)-R. Analogue 18A was highly chemically stable under conditions mimicking gastric juice acidity (t(1/2)=16.9h). It was more stable to hydrolysis by nucleotide pyrophosphatases (NPP1,3) than UDP (15% and 28% hydrolysis by NPP1 and NPP3, respectively, vs 50% and 51% hydrolysis of UDP) and metabolically stable in blood serum (t(1/2)=17 vs 2.4, 11.9, and 21h for UDP, 5-OMe-UDP, and UDP(α-B), respectively). This newly discovered highly potent and physiologically stable P2Y(6)-R agonist may be of future therapeutic potential. 相似文献
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Dahlgren A Johansson PO Kvarnström I Musil D Nilsson I Samuelsson B 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2002,10(6):1829-1839
A morpholinone structural motif derived from D(+)- and L(-)-malic acid has been used as a mimic of D-Phe-Pro in the thrombin inhibiting tripeptide D-Phe-Pro-Arg. In place of Arg the more rigid P1 truncated p-amidinobenzylamine (Pab) or 2-amino-5-aminomethyl-3-methyl-pyridine have been utilized. The synthetic strategy developed readily delivers these novel thrombin inhibitors used to probe the alpha-thrombin inhibitor binding site. The best candidate in this series of thrombin inhibitors exhibits an in vitro IC(50) of 720 nM. The X-ray crystal structure of this candidate co-crystallized with alpha-thrombin is discussed. 相似文献
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Djordje Boskov Mirjana Jocic Ksenija Jovanovic Milos Ljubisavljevic Radmila Anastasijevic 《Biological cybernetics》1994,71(4):333-339
The properties of membrane potential changes of skeletomotor neurons (S, FR, and FF) innervating triceps surae muscles during
pseudorandom stretching of these muscles were studied in decerebrate cats. Peak amplitudes of pseudorandom muscle stretches
ranged from 119 μm to 4.15 mm peak-to-peak. Sequences of ten identical stretching periods were applied for averaging. Shapes
of membrane potential changes and probability density distribution of amplitudes of the input and output signals and power
spectra suggest that the skeletomotor neuron membrane has nonlinear properties. First- and second-order Wiener kernels were
determined by applying the cross-correlation (Lee-Schetzen) method. The results suggest that the transfer function between
muscle stretches and subthreshold membrane potentials is a Wiener-type cascade. This cascade is consistent with a linear,
second-order, underdamped transfer function followed by a simple quadratic nonlinearity [linear (L) system followed by nonlinear
(N) system, or LN cascade]. Including the nonlinear component calculated from the second-order Wiener kernel improved the
model significantly over its linear counterpart, especially in S-type motoneurons. Qualitatively similar results were obtained
with all types of motoneurons studied.
Received: 1 April 1993/Accepted in revised form: 24 March 1994 相似文献
69.
Astrocytes are the most abundant cell population within the CNS of mammals. Their glial role is perfectly performed in the healthy CNS as they support functions of neurons. The omnipresence of astrocytes throughout the white and grey matter and their intimate relation with blood vessels of the CNS, as well as numerous immunity-related actions that these cells are capable of, imply that astrocytes should have a prominent role in neuroinflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The role of astrocytes in MS is rather ambiguous, as they have the capacity to both stimulate and restrain neuroinflammation and tissue destruction. In this paper we present some of the proved and the proposed functions of astrocytes in neuroinflammation and discuss the effect of MS therapeutics on astrocytes. 相似文献
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Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic Lydie Coulombel Djordje Francuski Narain D. Sharma Derek R. Boyd Rory Moore O. Ferrall Kevin E. O’Connor 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2013,97(11):4849-4858
Nine different sulfur-containing compounds were biotransformed to the corresponding sulfoxides by Escherichia coli Bl21(DE3) cells expressing styrene monooxygenase (SMO) from Pseudomonas putida CA-3. Thioanisole was consumed at 83.3 μmoles min?1 g cell dry weight?1 resulting mainly in the formation of R-thioanisole sulfoxide with an enantiomeric excess (ee) value of 45 %. The rate of 2-methyl-, 2-chloro- and 2-bromo-thioanisole consumption was 2-fold lower than that of thioanisole. Surprisingly, the 2-methylthioanisole sulfoxide product had the opposite (S) configuration to that of the other 2-substituted thioanisole derivatives and had a higher ee value (84 %). The rate of oxidation of 4-substituted thioanisoles was higher than the corresponding 2-substituted substrates but the ee values of the products were consistently lower (10–23 %). The rate of benzo[b]thiophene and 2-methylbenzo[b]thiophene sulfoxidation was approximately 10-fold lower than that of thioanisole. The ee value of the benzo[b]thiophene sulfoxide could not be determined as the product racemized rapidly. E. coli cells expressing an engineered SMO (SMOeng R3-11) oxidised 2-substituted thioanisoles between 1.8- and 2.8-fold faster compared to cells expressing the wild-type enzyme. SMOeng R3-11 oxidised benzo[b]thiophene and 2-methylbenzo[b]thiophene 10.1 and 5.6 times faster that the wild-type enzyme. The stereospecificity of the reaction catalysed by SMOeng was unchanged from that of the wild type. Using the X-ray crystal structure of the P. putida S12 SMO, it was evident that the entrance of substrates into the SMO active site is limited by the binding pocket bottleneck formed by the side chains of Val-211 and Asn-46 carboxyamide group. 相似文献